Department Of Computer Science

Gulbarga University Gulbarga

Presented By

Salma Begum

MCA 5th sem

Under the Guidance of

Shrikant G.K

AGENDA

INTRODUCTION

ORGIN OF ANDROID

FEATURES OF ANDROID

ARCHITECHTURE OF ANDROID

VERSIONS OF ANDROID

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

LIMITATIONS

APPLICATION LIFE CYCLE

FUTURE OF ANDROID

Introduction

Android is Linux based operating

system for mobile devices.

Android specially developed for

applications

There are more than 4,00,000 apps

in android market

The andriod is an open source

@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 4

Smart Phones

HTC G1,

Droid,

Tattoo Motorola Droid (X)

Suno S880 Samsung Galaxy Sony Ericsson

@2011 Mihail L. Sichitiu 5

Tablets

Velocity Micro Cruz Gome FlyTouch Acer beTouch

Dawa D7

Toshiba Android

SmartBook

Cisco Android Tablet

ORIGIN OF ANDROID

Android was founded in Palo Alto, California in

October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner,

Nick Sears and Chris White who work at

“Google” to develop.

Andy Rubin

ORIGIN OF ANDROID

Android was purchased by the GOOGLE

in AUGUST, 2005 for 50 million $.

The open handset alliance, a group of

several companies was formed -5

November 2007

Android beta released-12 November

2007

It’s consortium of several companies.

This group of companies are allowed

to use source code of Android and

develop applications.

Features of andriod

Andriod can run multiple apps at the same time

Also support optimized graphics VGA, 2D

graphics and 3D graphics.

Andriod has better app market.

Andriod lets you change your setting faster.

It gives you more options to fit your budget

Andriod keeps information visible on your home

screen.

Android also support java applications.

The Android Software Architecture

Linux kernel

Libraries

Android run time

core libraries

Dalvik virtual machine

application layer

application framework

ARCHITECTURE

Linux Kernel

Device drivers

Memory management

Process management

Networking

Libraries

C/C++ libraries

Interface through Java

Surface manager – Handling UI Windows

2D and 3D graphics

Media codes, SQLite, Browser engine

Android Runtime

• Dalvik VM.

– Dex files

– Compact and efficient than class files

– Limited memory and battery power

• Core Libraries

– Java 5 Std edition

– Collections, I/O etc…

Providing most of the functionality available in the core libraries of

the Java language.

Application Framework

API interface :

Activity manager – manages application life

cycle

Android provides a set of core applications:

Email Client

SMS Program

Calendar

Maps

Browser

Contacts,Etc.

All applications are written using the Java

language.

APIs

Data Structures

Utilities

File Access

Network Access

Graphics

Etc

Versions of andriod

Andriod 1.0 23 September 2008

Andriod 1.1 9 February 2009

Andriod 1.5 (Cupcake) 30 April 2009

Andriod 1.6 (Donut) 15 September 2009

Andriod 2.0 (Éclair) 26 October 2009

Andriod 2.2 (Froyo) 20 May 2010

Andriod 2.3 (Gingerbread) 6 December 2010

Andriod 3.0 (Honeycomb) 10 May 2011

Andriod 4.0 19 October 2011

(Ice Cream Sandwich)

Andriod 4.1 ,4.2,4.3 13 July 2012

(Jelly bean)

Andriod 4.4 (Kitkat) 31 October 2013

Released on April 30, 2009.

Added auto-rotation option.

Copy and Paste feature added in the web

browser.

Increased speed and performance but not

upto required level.

Released on September 15, 2009.

Voice search and Search box were

added.

Faster OS boot times and fast web

browsing experience.

Released on October 26, 2009.

Bluetooth 2.1 support.

Improved typing speed on virtual

keyboard, with smarter dictionary.

no Adobe flash media support.

Released on May 20, 2010.

Support for Adobe Flash 10.1

Improved Application launcher with better browser

No internet calling.

Released on December 6, 2010.

Updated User Interface with high efficiency and

speed

Internet calling

One touch word selection and copy/paste.

New keyboard for faster word input.

More successful version of Android than previous.

not supports multi-core processors.

Released on February 22, 2011.

Support for multi-core processors

Ability to encrypt all user data.

This version of android is only available for

tablets.

Released on November 14, 2011.

Virtual button in the UI.

A new typeface family for the UI, Roboto.

Ability to shut down apps that are using data in

the background.

Released on June 27, 2012.

Improved the features of previous version

while improving the graphics quality.

Smoother user interface.

Android JellyBean 4.2,4.3Released on 13 November 2012

Lock screen improvements

Multiple user accounts (tablets only)

Bug fixes and performance enhancements

Android Kitkat 4.4Released on 31 October 2013

Ability for applications to trigger translucency

in the navigation and status bars

Wireless printing capability

And even more features are currently being rolled out

Why andriod os is better than

iphone os?Andriod os Iphone os

We can set any app as

a default on android

Android just drag and

drop for syncing by using

USB cable on computer

While Google charges

for Andriod developer only

$5

Andriod os have flash

support

On Androird,on which

you are notified of an

email as soon as it arrives

It is impossible on

iphone,

Have to click manually

Iphone syncing only with

iTunes

Apple charges for the

App Developers $100

While the iphone only

has html5 support

The email system on the

iphone is horrible

Android Application

Development

Eclipse IDEAndroid

SDK

AndroidEmulator

AndroidMobileDevice

Android development

Android Manifest

Resource XML

Java Source

Generated Class

Java Compiler

Android Libraries

.dexFile

DalvikVM

SOFTWARE FEATURES

Integrated browser based on the open source

Web Kit engine

SQLite for relational data storage

Media support for common audio, video, and

still image formats

Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile

devices

HARDWARE FEAUTURES

Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G

LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi

Graphics Hardware Acceleration

Camera, GPS and Compass

Touch screen and accelerometer for

motion sensing

Techniques for saving data

◦ SQLite Databases: relational database library for

storing and managing complex data

◦ Files: you can create, write, and read files from the

local storage or external media (SD Cards)

FileOutputStream, FileInputStream, and Resources

classes.

APPLICATION LIFE CYCLE

Life Cycle

Each application runs in its own process.

Each activity of an app is run in the apps process

Processes are started and stopped as needed to run an apps components.

Processes may be killed to reclaim needed resources.

Killed apps may be restored to their last state when requested by the user

Andriod market

Andriod market is the online software store developed by Google for Andriod devices

Users to browse and download apps published by third party developer

As of october 2011 there were more than 4,00,000 apps available for Android

As of dec 2013 there were more than 8,00,000 apps available for Android

Android has several famous apps like voice action, sky map,placedirectory,GPS,etc..,

Market Sales Rate for

Smartphone devices

Cont…

Period Android iOS Windows

Phone

BlackBerr

y OS

Others

Q2 2014 84.7%11.7% 2.5% 0.5% 0.7%

Q2 2013 79.6%13.0% 3.4% 2.8% 1.2%

Q2 2012 69.3%16.6% 3.1% 4.9% 6.1%

Q2 2011 36.1%18.3% 1.2% 13.6% 30.8%

WHAT MAKES AN ANDROID

SPECIAL?

Open source – Free development platform

Built in components can be improved

Built in services like GPS,SQL Database, browser

and maps

Management of process life cycle

High quality graphics and sound

Portability across current and future hardware

Component-based architecture and reusable,

replaceable modules

Multi-layer isolation of programs

Where is Android going?

◦ The Android OS may accelerate the diffusion of smart

phones by providing a free OS.

◦ Access to the Android software development kit (SDK)

suggests that the number of applications will continue to

as well as professional developers provide new

offerings.

◦ Transforming them from consumers of existing

applications to creators of apps designed to meet their

needs.

◦ Android, by increasing the user base, might hasten the

integration of mobile technology.

◦ Android is the Biggest selling OS in the World on Mobile

Computing.

LIMITATIONS

Android operating system uses more amount of battery as compared to normal java and symbian mobile phones.

It has been seen that it has security related issues.

As we call Android is world of applications we continuously need to connected with the internet which is not possible for all the users.

Android vs windows phones

Androidroid Windows Phone

Company/ Developer Google Microsoft

Programmed in Java, C, C++ C, C++

OS family Unix-like Windows

Initial release September 23, 2008 October 21, 2010

Supported platforms ARM, MIPS, x86, I.MX x86

License Apache License 2.0

Linux kernel patches

under GNU GPL v2

Commercial proprietary

software

Default user interface Graphical (Multi-touch) Graphical (Metro UI)

Cont…Working state Current Current

Source model Open source software Closed-source

Updates Updates are provided by

different parties in the

consortium.

Updates are only done by

Microsoft.

Applications Applications are created

by an open community

of developers.

Applications are created

by tie up companies and

Microsoft.

Touch style Capacitive technology Capacitive technology

Offers native support for Google Sync for Gmail,

Contacts, and Google

Calendar.

Mail, Exchange, Outlook

Contacts, Calendar,

Windows Market, etc.

Number of applications Over 700,000

applications

Limited number of

applications.

Language support Multiple language

support

Multiple language

support

Android is now stepping up in next level of mobile

internet.

There are chances of Android Mobile sales in

whole world becomes more then iPhone.

There are chances of Android may become the

widely used operating system in world as it has

found its application in many appliances such as

washing machine, microwave ovens, cameras,

TVs etc.

Google may launch another version of android that

starts L because Google is launching all the

android versions in the alphabetical order.

Thank You