8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

1/18

Response to Heat Stress on the Coral

Tubastrea micrantha(Pilot Study)

Shelly N.E. Tutupoho

Supported by:

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

2/18

Source: wcs.org (Wildlife Conservation Society)

Source: panda.org (World Wildlife Fund)

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

3/18

CORAL BLEACHING EVENTS IN 2008

Source: reefbase.org

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

4/18

MAP OF CORAL BLEACHING EVENT IN INDONESIA DURING 2010

Source: Web-based information and personal communication

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

5/18

Source: gbrmpa.gov.au

WHAT IS CORAL BLEACHING?

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

6/18

Tubastrea micrantha

Branching life form ofcoral is more vulnerable tobleaching than massive lifeform.(Li et al., 2008)

Tubastrea micrantha hasbranching life form andit is azooxanthellatecoral.(Schumacher, 1984)

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

7/18

Aim of Pilot Study

To observe the response of the coral Tubastreamicrantha to laboratory condition.

Aim of General Study

To observe the response to heat stress on branching life

form of coral.

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

8/18

About pilot study

Location: Hablab in Department of ITK IPB

Coral was collected from CV Dinar (Tangerang) on November 6, 2010

Materials:

One colony of black sun coral (Tubastrea micrantha)

Aquarium

Sea water

Pump

Water filterAerator

Thermometer

Timer

Lamp

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

9/18

What have been done?

Measuring temperature daily (morning and evening) and every 2 hours for 2 days

Measuring water quality (pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, salinity)Aquarium cleaning up and water exchange twice a week

Light

Filter

Pump

Feed

Coral

Activity7:00 AM 5:00 PM 7:00 AM 5:00 PM

Time

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

10/18

Daily Sea Water Temperature

Optimum temperature for this species: 23-28 CSource: animal-world.com

Date

06

.11

.2

010

07

.11

.2

010

08

.11

.2

010

09

.11

.2

010

10

.11

.2

010

11

.11

.2

010

12

.11

.2

010

13

.11

.2

010

14

.11

.2

010

15

.11

.2

010

16

.11

.2

010

17

.11

.2

010

18

.11

.2

010

19

.11

.2

010

20

.11

.2

010

21

.11

.2

010

22

.11

.2

010

23

.11

.2

010

24

.11

.2

010

25

.11

.2

010

26

.11

.2

010

27

.11

.2

010

28

.11

.2

010

29

.11

.2

010

30

.11

.2

010

01

.12

.2

010

02

.12

.2

010

03

.12

.2

010

04

.12

.2

010

05

.12

.2

010

06

.12

.2

010

07

.12

.2

010

08

.12

.2

010

09

.12

.2

010

10

.12

.2

010

11

.12

.2

010

12

.12

.2

010

13

.12

.2

010

14

.12

.2

010

15

.12

.2

010

Temperature(oC)

26,5

27,0

27,5

28,0

28,5

29,0

29,5

30,0

Optimum

Morning

Afternoon

Maximum

Minimum

Average

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

11/18

Time

9 am 11 am 1 pm 3 pm 5 pm 7 pm 9 pm 11 pm 1 am 3 am 5 am 7 am

Temperatu

re(oC)

28,0

28,2

28,4

28,6

28,8

29,0

29,2

29,4

29,6

29,8

December 17

January 31

Sea Water Temperature Every 2 Hours

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

12/18

Parameter Coral tank Optimum condition

NO3- (mg/L) 80 -

NO2- (mg/L) 0 -

NH4 (mg/L) 0 -

pH 7,5-8 8,1-8,4*

Water salinity: 35 psu

Sea Water Quality(on January 31, 2011)

*Source: freshmarine.com

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

13/18

IT IS BLEACHING!

On early study period

(November 06, 2010)

On late study period

(February 20, 2011)

The coral started to bleach on January 7, 2011.

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

14/18

CONCLUSION

The coral could be kept healthy for about 2 months in

laboratory condition (with phytoplankton suspension as the

food source).

Bleaching on azooxanthellate coral occur since the polyps

stress/dead.

The death of polyp is most likely caused by the long-time

elevated temperature (compare to optimum temperature)

and the less quality and quantity of food.

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

15/18

WHAT IS THE FURTHER STEP?

Prepare heat stress experiment on the coral Tubastrea micrantha

Pilot study with reef-building, zooxanthellate coral

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

16/18

REFERENCES

Li, S, KF Yu, Q Shi, TR Chen, MX Zhao, and JX Zhao. 2008. Interspecies and spatialdiversity in the symbiotic zooxanthellae density in corals from

Northern South China Sea and its relationship to coral reef bleaching.

Chinese Science Bulletin 53(2): 295-303.

Schumacher, H. 1984. Reef-building properties ofTubastraea micranthus

(Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae), a coral without zooxanthellae. Marine

ecology progress series 20(1-2): 93-99.

http://www.panda.org (March 2011)

http://www.wcs.org (March 2011)

http://www.reefbase.org (March 2011)

http://gbrmpa.gov.au (March 2011)

http://www.animal-world.com (March 2011)http://www.freshmarine.com (March 2011)

http://www.panda.org/http://www.panda.org/http://www.wcs.org/http://www.reefbase.org/http://gbrmpa.gov.au/http://www.animal-world.com/http://www.freshmarine.com/http://www.freshmarine.com/http://www.animal-world.com/http://www.animal-world.com/http://www.animal-world.com/http://gbrmpa.gov.au/http://www.reefbase.org/http://www.wcs.org/http://www.panda.org/http://www.panda.org/http://www.panda.org/

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

17/18

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Dr. Karen von Juterzenka

Dr. Ir. Neviati P. Zamani, M.Sc and Beginer Subhan, S.Pi, M.SiAndre, S.Si and Mursalin, S.Pi

Hablab team (especially Dian Respati Widianari and Yuliani Fitri Syamsuni)

MST 2010 participants

DAAD and IPB

Others

8/2/2019 Presentation of Pilot Study

18/18

THANKYOU