Presentation interpretation

Who is Rolando Ernesto Tellez?

•Graduated from UNAN and •Southern Illinois University.•- Works as a translator, writer, •professor, contributor to END.•His Books: Bilingual Legal •Terminology Dictionary, The •Gueguense, English for Lawyers,•Dario´s Poems, Great Hero, •Nicaraguan Political Constitution,•Inglés Básico, Canal Law, •Artículos de un Fulbright, etc.

Introduction to Translation & Interpretation

Translation vs. Interpretation

By Rolando Tellez, MSc. in Communication & Translation

What to do with your English

• The job as a translator and interpreter is not only fascinating, but also very educational and rewarding.To be a translator – interpreter you need:

• Training on the different translation techniques. • Passion to work continually on both languages.• To keep learning for the rest of your life.• To be knowledgeable about the world.• A computer, cable TV or short-wave radio.• To learn relaxation techniques.

Basic Definitions

• Interpretation - Interpretation, or interpreting, is an activity that consists of establishing, either simultaneously or consecutively, oral communications between two or more speakers who are not speaking the same language.

Translation - Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in one language and the production of a new, equivalent text in another language. The final product is called a translation.

Basic Translation Fields

• Simultaneous Interpretation

Consecutive Interpretation

Translation

On-sight Translation

Written Translation

Particular Needs of Clients

• All professional translators and interpreters know that the two modes of rendering meaning from one language to another are different. This presentation provides a short introduction on terminology and background information on the differences between the different techniques and how each requires a specific set of skills.

•Any potential client requiring language services should be clear about the job of a translator or an interpreter. So, do you need a consecutive or a simultaneous interpreter?

Basic Definitions

• Source language (SL) – The SL is the original language of a text or utterance before it is translated or interpreted.

Target language (TL) – The language into which a text is rendered. The language one translates or interprets into is the TL.

Simultaneous Interpreting

• - Usually accomplished in pairs with each interpreter taking turns at the microphone every 30 minutes. - Most international organizations have their interpreters work only into the interpreters’ native tongue.- Interpreters normally work in soundproof booths, attentively listening to the speaker’s remarks via headphones and following slightly behind in the target language. Decisiveness is paramount. There is no time to weigh the merits of various renditions.

Simultaneous Interpreting

• - While some information may be written down (dates, names, important facts), simultaneous interpreters do not take notes as consecutive interpreters do.- It is done with the interpreter/audience using portable equipment (microphone and headphones). - Most suitable for lectures, seminars and conferences and during events at which information generally flows in one direction.

Interpretation and Translation

It is easy to assume that interpretation and translation differ only in the medium: oral or written. However, there can be great differences in training (type, not necessarily the amount), skills and even some personality attributes.


• - A translator must write well and express herself superbly in the target language. Ideally, the translator is a native speaker of the target language.

- It is imperative that the translator understands the source language and the culture of its speakers. She or he does not have to be as verbally fluent in the source language as the interpreter, but she should have a native or near-native comprehension of the meaning and nuance of the source text.


• - A translator should have a comprehensive set of dictionaries and reference materials available (as well as have a high level of expertise in using on-line resources).

• A professional interpreter will also have these resources, but they are more for study and preparation and not for use while actually engaged in interpreting.

• While a translator may specialize in a narrowly focused subject or two, most conference interpreters normally prepare for a wide variety of topics.


• - A translator’s work is more methodical and exact.·All interpreters, but especially consecutive interpreters, should have superior short-term memory.- An interpreter must have a good voice, excellent public speaking skills. She should feel comfortable in the spotlight. While a simultaneous interpreter’s work is mostly anonymous, when an interpreter makes a major meaning error “in the booth,” an amazing number of people are eager to let her know about it. Consecutive interpreters tend to be more visible, as they usually are standing or sitting beside their principal.


• Professional interpreters and translators comprehensively read and study in the fields they work most often (in the target and source languages).

While translators and interpreters do share a love of languages and certain skill sets, the terms are not synonymous and the activities involved are indeed different.

Concepts to Keep in Mind

• Language is a dynamic system in constant evolution (semantic extensions, e.g. email…).

• Translation goes beyond the linguistic level (philosophical, anthropological or cultural, e.g. showing height of a person)

• Understanding is filtered by a culturally defined conceptual way of thinking


• Knowledge schemes (different cultures and subcultures)

• Focus on what the speakers and listeners (writers and readers) have in common or share

• Say the same things with different codes (Jakobson, 1959)


• Translate not only words, but also concepts, rhetorical patterns, and even contexts

• Grammatical structures may need to change in another lg. to keep the message

• (Proverbs and Sayings)

• Clear message with minimum alteration of the linguistic elements and structures


• It is the job of the translator to find these similarities that exist between two worlds and use them accordingly in favor of his readers

• Translation has purely functional nature

• Because the varied contexts and objectives of translations, there is a need for translator to specialize

Approaches to Translation & Interpretation

• For practising translators, the linguistic ability functions as an instinct that can only be developed with constant input and contextualization (visualization).

• Main approaches to translation:• - translation at the level of word (word for word

translation)• - translation at the level of sentence, and• - conceptual translation


• Translators and interpreters need to specialize in a particular field of knowledge, for instance, in business they should handle automatically terms such as shareholders´ meetings, Minutes, profit and loss statements, generally accepted accounting standards.

• Name of official translations: United Nations, Ministry (Department) of Education, OAS, IDB, IMF, GDP, Stock Market, WB, tax board, IRS, WTO, PAHO, WHO, IFC. IT, ILO, etc.


• Common turns in the sentence to sentence translation, e.g.

• The inter-coder reliability indices of the segmentation and codification of the editorials were then determined. An inter-coder reliability index above .80 was obtained.


• At conceptual levels we have proverbs and sayings.

Time is gold, Silence is gold, Screwed-up but happy.

• Sharing with other translators terminology issues.


• Finally, translation as a process with opportunities to cohere the semiotic, the linguistic, the social, the cultural and the psychological perspectives on communicating.

• Translation involves accommodation in scope of culture, politics, aesthetics, and many other factors.

• Accommodation is also translation, a free, rather than literal, kind of translation. In both interpreting and translation, accommodations must be made so communication may proceed smoothly. I am only calling your attention to the fact that accommodation as a skill will make this job more successful.

Good Qualities of a Translator

• - A sophisticated understanding of the foreign language- An understanding of the topic being translated- An ability to transfer ideas expressed in one language into an equally meaningful form in the other language- An above-average capacity to write well in the target language (the language in which the translation is written), using language appropriate for the topic and readership

Good Translator´s Qualities

• - Broad general knowledge- A sound knowledge of the two cultures involved- Mental agility- Sensitivity and attention to detail- An understanding of specialized terminology in the field of the translation and a willingness to do further research if necessary- Training and experience.

Commercial

Translation Center Offers: - Training for 6 months in this practical and

profitable career (Minimum 6 hrs a week).

- Upon completion of this training, part-time job may be considered, depending on your performance and reliability.

- Flexitime on Weekdays (by appointment)

Requirement for Training

• Advanced level of English (graduate)

• Computer skills (at least Word 2007)

• Discipline and dedication to this intensive training.

Make up your mind & prepare for a better future. Contact me at 289-4596

email: [email protected] you. Q&A

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