Presentation innovative hybrid_heavy_vehicle

Author: Liviu GiurcaSenior Researcher at VP Holding

New Hybrid Propulsion Systemsfor Buses and Trucks

06.11.2014 2Liviu Giurca

State of the art

Diesel Bus

“Conventional” Hybrid Bus

Trolleybus Volvo Docking stationsystem

State of the art

Scania-Siemens dynamic charging andthe Electrified Highway


”Conventional” hybrid bus versus diesel bus

Benefits:1. Improved fuel consumption2. Reduced CO2 emission3. Reduced NVH level in certain conditions

Disadvantages:1. Very high purchasing price2. Challenging recycling3. High CO2 consumption for manufacturing


New hybrid solutions

1. New engine with heat recovery proposed to replace diesel engine in the hybrid powertrain2. Hybrid pneumatic operation of the internal combustion engine3. Hybrid electric vehicle with dynamic charging


New IC engine based on Dr. Paul mechanism

Almost 20 years ago (in 1996), this variant already obtained 52% Brake Efficiency and a huge power density, without heat recovery due to its extreme compression ratio.


Our proposal

First civil exploitation of Paul mechanismWas proposed and produced in series by Neander Motors and is a four stroke version.

We propose a four stroke version with heat recovery. Our new solution is registered to the patent office.

Neander Motors engine


The new engine versus conventional engine

The most important benefits are:1. Highest power density between 300 to 600 kW/l;2. Reduced CO2 level;3. Compensation of all rotating inertial forces resulting in a fully balanced engine with reduced noise level;4. Compensation of all 1st order oscillating forces (torque compensation);5. No reaction due to torque impulses on the exterior of the engine are detectable;6.Very low friction losses from the guidance of the piston by the connecting rods (the lateral guiding force of the piston is effected by the connected rods);7. Lowest fuel consumption between 95 and 125 g/kWh;8. A dramatic reduction in cost of production and exploitation, respectively a two cylinder version can replace a four or six cylinder conventional engine.


Pneumatic Hybrid Engine

The new proposed PneumaticHybrid Engine with dual crankshaftsis made in the simplest manner using a mechanical control of the air circuit existent between the combustion chamber and an airtank. In vehicle braking phases with fuel cut-off, the engine can intake air and pump it into the pressure tank. The pressurized air can be used to boost the conventional engine combustion mode, therebyovercoming the turbo-lag in supercharged engines.


Pneumatic Hybrid versus Electric Hybrid

The Pneumatic Hybrid concept is madeusing a mechanical control between theexistent exhaust air circuit connected to thecombustion chamber and an air tank. Inengine braking phase with fuel in cut-offmode, the engine pumps the intake air intoa high pressure tank. The pressurized aircan later be used as a bonus to superchargethe engine or to drive directly the vehicle.Compared to some existing vehicle electrichybrid systems, the proposed solutioneliminates the electric generator/motorassist and battery components which areadditional to the engine.This type of application reduces cost, complexity, and weight while providing similarfunction and benefits. Air, even when compressed to high pressure, remains very light,and therefore the added weight is, essentially, limited to the weight of the tank.Consequently, this small weight increase of the proposed hybrid system does notpenalize the base vehicle fuel economy.


Hybrid electric vehicle with dynamic charging

Our proposal is to charge in motion a hybrid vehicle using a single overhead line containing both polarities.


Hybrid electric vehicle with dynamic charging

The single overhead line with both polarities


VERSUS

-The new concept creates a real world alternative to the actual propulsion system of the heavy vehicles. It is not need to make so many researches to develop such a system because all the components are already used separately in some applications;-The system can be battery free solution or can use some super-capacitors to recover the brake energy when is not dynamic charged;-For this reason is a low cost bus (the batteries are very expensive); -When the engine is used it is a low fuel consumption bus. If the fuel is CNG or hydrogen the pollutants are at very low level; Also the noise is reduced because the engine is fully balanced;-When is electrical supplied from the catenary system with green energy it is a zero pollution vehicle;-The total efficiency is improved and consequently the cost reported to km will be diminished.-It maintains the same flexibility of the actual transport system based on the diesel trucks.


VERSUS

-It uses unmodified pantograph;-The bus supports a big deviation from the trajectory without to be disconnected from the supply line;-The single line is cheaper than two distanced lines and is protected better in bad weather conditions.

Conclusion

No. Type of urban

transport

Technology

cost

Pollution

level

Efficiency Infrastructu-re

cost

Recyclability Scor

1 Diesel Urban bus + -- -- + 0 --

2 Trolleybus -- ++ ++ -- 0 0

3 Electric Diesel

hybrid urban bus

- + + + -- +

4 Pneumatic

Hybrid Urban bus

++ + + + 0 +++++

5 Hybrid Urban bus

with charging

possibility

- ++ ++ - 0 ++

Liviu Grigorian Giurca is a senior researcher whichaccumulated experience working for international companiesas Ford, Renault, Daewoo Motors, IDEA Institute , AKKATechnologies, MSX International and VP Holding. He has 8patented inventions in different countries. He also contributedto many innovative projects as Renault/Dacia Logan, Sanderoand Duster (the most innovative projects in terms of costreduction) or Ford EcoBoost 1 L engine awarded as the Engineof the Year in 2012, 2013 and 2014.

E-mail: [email protected]

URL: www.hybrid-engine-hope.com

About author

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http://www.hybrid-engine-hope.com/

Presentation innovative hybrid_heavy_vehicle

Automotive

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