• Birth of Third cinema• In 1968 Solanas and Getino's manifesto considers 'First Cinema' to

be the Hollywood production model that promulgates bourgeois values to a passive audience through escapist spectacle and individual characters. 'Second Cinema' is the European art film, which rejects Hollywood conventions but is centred on the individual expression of the auteurdirector. Third Cinema rejects the view of cinema as a vehicle for personal expression, seeing the director instead as part of a collective; it appeals to the masses by presenting the truth and inspiring revolutionary activism. Solanas and Getino argue that traditional exhibition models also need to be avoided: the films should be screened clandestinely, both in order to avoid censorship and commercial networks, but also so that the viewer must take a risk to see them.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZJj4kMuRWQ

• Purpose and Goals of Third Cinema: • Raise political knowledge in the viewer/spectator• Expose historical, social, political and/or economic

policies that have led to exploitive conditions for the nation

• Engage spectators in reflection which will inspire them to take revolutionary action and improve their conditions

• Create films that express the experiences of the masses of a particular region

• Produce and distribute films that are uncensored by cruel person

Third cinema

Brazil

Argentina

India

Pakistan

China

Egypt

Latin America

AfricaAsia

Middle East

Third world countries

• Indian cinema:• third cinema beginning India in 1961 when

state financing made it possible for new generation of film makers to emerge a sense. However, the heritage of this contester and politicized cinema goes back , first , to the work of influential communist-backed theatre and film movement. First film production in 1946 (dharti ke lal / children of the earth)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMfg7RpOEWU

Iranian cinema• Iranian cinema began in 1900s by shah (king) these was just for royal wedding ,

birthday, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAAQ6BLcQcc

• Iran’s first films appeared in 1930s.( silent) The’ lor Girl’ was first film with sound in 1933s.

• Pre-revolutionary cinema, 1950s-70s

• The 1960s was a significant decade for Iranian cinema, with 25 commercial films produced annually on average throughout the early ‘60s, increasing to 65 by the end of the decade. The majority of production focused on melodrama and thrillers.

Post-revolutionary cinema

• In the early 1970s, a New Iranian Cinema emerged (cinema motefävet). However, following the Revolution in 1979, a few filmmakers went into exile as Khomeini altered the focus in features. Between 1979 and 1985, about 100 features were released. While Khomeini's censorship remained, the small number of features produced focused on sexual display and European influence.

Mohsen Makhmalbaf• Honorary Degree of Doctor of Literature from St Andrews University, Scotland, 2011• Honorary Degree of Doctor of Cinema from Nanterre University, France, 2010• "Freedom to Create Prize" for his human right activity and promoting social Justice

through his art, Art Action, England, 2009• “Federico Fellini Honor" from UNESCO in Paris, 2001 (France)• A Moment of Innocence: Among Top Ten Films of the Decade – Awarded by

International Festival Directors and Critics 1999.• Mohsen Makhmalbaf: Selected as the best filmmaker after the revolution by readers of

cinema publications, 1988.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SbMOfJzqTtk

Jafar panahi. Taxi , • The film premiered in competition at the65th Berlin International Film

Festival] where it won the Golden Bear[2] and the FIPRESCI Prize.[3] In 2010, Panahi was banned from making films and travelling.

Separation by Asghar FarhadiA Separation won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2012, becoming the first Iranian film to win the award. It received the Golden Bear for Best Film and the Silver Bears for Best Actress and Best Actor at the 61st Berlin International Film Festival, becoming the first Iranian film to win the Golden Bear. It also won the Golden Globe for Best Foreign Language Film.The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. making it the first non-English film in five years to achieve this.This movie's point of view is based on modernity, the edition

itself is a masterpiece also the impossibility of understanding the movies atmosphere of location because of the handed camera demonstrates that the characters are imbalanced