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INFUSION CENTERS:Opportunity for Financialand Personal Success
Ronnie J. Garner MD, FCAPInfusion Center
Presbyterian HospitalAlbuquerque, New Mexico
Why Infusion Centers?
Why Pathologists?
Why now?
Seminal changes in the delivery of health care
• Hospitalist• Internist & Primary care in transition• Managed Care with productivity goals• Government regulation• Prior Authorizations now the norm• Increased overhead• Overuse of Emergency rooms• Shift to outpatient services
Hospitals Have Competition
• Heart Centers• Surgical Centers• Eye Centers• Endoscopy Centers• Revenue sources are altered
Current Outpatient Infusion Centers
• Oncology or Rheumatology• Services own physician group• Limited services and hours• Physician not usually on site• Typically nurse managed
Many Underserved Providers for Outpatient Infusion Services
• Internal Medicine• Family Practice• Ob-Gyn• Gastroenterologist• Renal• Nurse Practitioner• Others
Limited Choices for Outpatient Services
• Rheumatology or Oncology clinics• Emergency Room• Admission to Hospital• Freestanding Commercial Providers• Home Health Care
Tremendous Opportunity
Hospitals and Clinical Pathology!
What is the Opportunity?
• Hospital Based Infusion Centers• Within the “footprint” of hospital• Managed by Clinical Pathology• Staffed by Clinical Pathologists• Provide suitable outpatient services for all
physician groups • Multiple referral options for physicians• Consultative Services essential & Unique
Why A Hospital Based Infusion Center?
• It fits the current model of integrated services
• Outpatient services emphasized• Reimbursement is better if hospital based• It consolidates a broad range of outpatient
services into a single unit.– Infusion Services– Donor services– Apheresis services
Why a Clinical Pathologist
• Hospital based• Contractual relationship already exists• Known entity• Pathologists already manage departments
needed to support an Infusion Center• We have or can acquire the required skills
Medical Skills for Success
• Medical Internship is essential• Clinical Pathology Residency• Knowledge to assist a variety of medical
specialists through patient consultation & management of therapy
• Comfort dealing with ill patients• Skills to evaluate and treat reactions to
therapy
Presbyterian Infusion Center
• Located in Professional building• 10,000 sq ft • 32 beds and chairs• 28 nurses• 4 physicians – all clinical Pathologists• 1 nurse practitioner
Strategy for Success• Admission services• Pre-authorizations for all patients• Pharmacy on site• Assess to laboratory and Transfusion
services & rapid laboratory turnaround immediately available
• Have your own charts and charting system• Create no barriers to service
Ancillary Services
• Tube system directly to laboratory• Tube system directly to Blood Bank• Resuscitative support from ER• Pulmonary services available• EKG available• Radiology available• ER admission available• Full gases available (O2, suction)
Hours of Operation
• Monday-Friday 7:00 am to 6:30 pm• Saturday 7:30 am to 5:30 pm• Sundays – usually in am 8:00 – 12:00• Apheresis in off hours if urgent• 24 hour call-back including holidays• Physician always available when patients
in unit.
Referring physician options• Referring physician writes orders and
infusion center provides services• Referring physician requests consult by
Infusion center physician & we develop therapy plan and treat
• We collaborate with referring physician to develop therapy plan & then we manage therapy.
• We evaluate & treat all reactions
Collaborative Medicine
• Rheumatologic diseases• Neurological diseases• Transplant rejection• Apheresis & photopheresis services• Profound fluid & electrolyte imbalance• Unusual endocrinology testing• Pediatric endocrinology testing
Coagulation referrals
• Hypercoagulable disorders• Bleeding diathesis• Factor deficiencies• Von Willebrands disease• Coumadin reversal• Acute ongoing blood loss
Hematology referrals
• Anemia – acute or chronic• Polycythemia-primary or secondary• Thrombocytopenia & Thrombocytosis• Hemochromatosis• IV Iron• Transfusions• Bone Marrow aspiration & biopsy
Specialized Services
• Immune function evaluation• Infertility immune evaluations• Maintenance of Pregnancy• Preoperative preparation-Jehovah’s
Witness• Preoperative preparation-high risk patients
& Pediatric patients• Antibiotic therapy 7 days weekly
Hospital Consults
• Post-operative or other bleeding• Hypercoagulable issues• SIRS patients• Heparin associated antibodies• IV Iron – Ob-gyn, GI, Pediatric, other• Pediatric Hematology & coagulation• Hemolysis • Immune workups
PINC Patient Visits 2000-2008
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Patie
nt V
isits
Year 2000Year 2001Year 2002Year 2003Year 2004Year 2005Year 2006Year 2007Year 2008
Christmas + 3 snow days
Presbyterian Infusion Center Patient Visits
• 2000-2200 patients per month• 85-100 each week day• 65-75 on Saturday• 10-15 on Sunday• We serve patients from every area of New
Mexico
How to build the business
• No barriers to access• Advertise the service• Always have a physician available• Communicate with the referring physician
about problems or issues• Make helpful suggestions-share your
knowledge – help solve their problem• Develop easy forms for physician use
• Communicate to referring physician about all relevant issues
• Be open to any new service• Save a few “emergency” beds• Know the patient’s medical history
– Recent history from referring physician– Consult with the patient – Some patients need admitted to hospital
Helpful Hints if Medicare• History & Diagnosis should justify therapy
and must be documented in the chart.• Diagnosis code for Medicare must justify
therapy. CMS may audit Infusion Centers• Recent Medical history must be in chart• Use different colored charts for different
patient types• Pre-authorizations recommended
The Reward for Hospitals
• Excellent Revenue stream• Patients enthusiastic about outpatient
service• Hospital based Infusion Center has better
reimbursement than a free standing center• All services are pre-authorized & losses
are minimal
Reward for Pathologists
• A fascinating patient mix• Practice is across many specialties• Develop an expansive knowledge base• The service is in demand & needed• You can make a difference • job opportunities enhanced
DO YOU SEE OPPORTUNITY?
ARE YOU FEELING REINCARNATED?
TRANSFORMING PATHOLOGY:Emerging technology driving practice
innovation