Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Language is a system of symbols, which are signs or words used to define a person, idea, or object.

Words have multiple meanings…

Denotative meanings

…consistent definition

…definition in the dictionary

Connotative meanings

…emotional response

…attitudinal response people have to it

Nature of Language

Language is symbolic

Words have multiple meanings

Thought informs language

Language is rules by grammar

Language is bound by context

Functions of Language

Communication acquisition

Learn words of a language

Learn to use words appropriately and effectively in the context of the situation

Communication Competencies

Express feelings

Express creativity

Language as a form of ritual

Nonverbal

The process of intentionally or unintentionally signaling meaning through behavior other than words

Sneeze

Crying

Blush

Snore

Eye rolling

Sniff

What is nonverbal?

Gestures and body movements

Facial expressions

Eye behavior

Voice

Physical appearance

Space and environment

Touch

Time orientation

Nonverbal Nature

Nonverbal behavior is communicative

Spontaneous and unintentional

Ambiguous

More believable than verbal communication

Attitude is communicated by…

7% by spoken word

36% by vocal characteristics

55% by nonverbal behaviors

- Mehrabian and Weiner, 1967

Nonverbal Functions

Can be contradicting of verbal message

Regulating interactions, back and forth of communication

Creating immediacy

Can be deceiving

Nonverbal influencers

Culture

Gender

Mediated

Ambiguous