Presentation-11th ACUUS International Conference
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Transcript of Presentation-11th ACUUS International Conference
![Page 1: Presentation-11th ACUUS International Conference](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051708/5883526d1a28ab42678b4d2d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS
FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND CAR PARKS
M.C. PAPPACivil Engineer, Msc, Greece
A.G. BenardosPhd, Lab. of Mining & Environmental
Technology-NTUA, Greece
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Importance of parking spaces – Underground car parks
The problem.Lack of parking spaces in the large urbancenters.
The consequences.Traffic jams and long delays.
Environmental pollution.
The solution. Underground parking areas.
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Advantages
Preservation of valuable surface space.
High availability.
Environmental protection.
High construction and service cost.
Importance of parking spaces – Underground car parks
Disadvantages
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Motives for the construction of underground parking stations
Subsidy 4.108 € / per parking place
Conditions
Creation of at least 40 parking places stations of public use.
Demonstration of the necessity of the underground parking construction.
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Alternative Methods for the Construction of Underground Car Parks
Cut and Cover Room and Pillar
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Cut and Cover Method
Field of Application .
Loose soil of top layers.
Hard soil (in exceptional cases).
General outline
Support of the cutting perimetric walls.
Steel strands.
Reinforced concrete.
Tensile anchors.
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Cases examined
Parking Station Surface (m2) Volume (m3) FloorsCapacity
(cars)
Paidon Hospital Square 17.433 54.764 5 576
Rizari Street 18.997 56.339 4 664
Kaniggos Square 15.401 49.283 4 491
Cut and Cover Method
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Cut and Cover Method
Kaniggos Square
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Cost Analysis – Key issues
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Des
ign Studies
Sup
port
Exc
avation
Con
crete
Water
proo
fing
Pav
emen
ts
Coa
tings
Land
scap
ing/de
cora
tion
Electric
al &
Mec
hanica
l
Parallel w
orks
Gen
eral e
xpen
ces
As-b
uild
Cost (%
)
Paidon Square station
Rizari street station
Cut and Cover Method
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Parking Station Total Cost (x103 € )Cost/parking
place (€ )Cost/m2 (€ )
Paidon Hospital Square 5.283 9.170 303
Rizari Street 4.830 7.275 254
Kaniggos Square 9.856 20.075 640
Cut and Cover Method
Cost Analysis – Key issues
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Cut and Cover Method
Cost Analysis – Key issues
Factors examined:
Local conditions in the construction area.
Geological background.
Excavation depth.
Parallel works (Rerouting of the traffic, pedestrian passages, rearrangement of utility networks).
Support.
Renovation and landscaping.
Support.
Excavation.
Support.
Excavation.
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Room and Pillar Method
General outline
Support.
Natural support.
The pillars of the rock support the overburden.
Field of Application .
Horizontal or slightly inclined formations , located in low to medium depth and characterised of high to medium strengh.
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Parking Station Surface (m2) Volume (m3) FloorsCapacity
(cars)
Agia Paraskevi 13.248 66.240 1 360
Tourkovounia 11.319 45.276 1 346
Katehaki Bus depot 59.917 479.336 1284
(buses)
Room and Pillar Method
Cases examined
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Entrance –Exit of Pedestrians
Entrance – Exit of Vehicles
Agia Paraskevi
Parking Station
Room and Pillar Method
Cases examined
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Cost Analysis – Key issues
Major cost components
Excavation cost.
Development cost.
Income gained from the sale of the raw materials.
Parking Station Total Cost (x103 € )Cost/parking
place (€ )Cost/m2 (€ )
Agia Paraskevi 1.353 3.760 102
Tourkovounia 3.067 8.865 297
Katehaki Bus depot 3.667 12.910 61
Factors examined:
Location.
Volume.
Excavation method.
Room and Pillar Method
Creation of an economy of scale.
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Comparative evaluation
Much lower cost/m2 in the room and pillar cases than ofthe cut and cover ones due to:
Revenues from the raw materials sales.
Natural support absence of major support systems andconcrete works.
The room and pillar method constitutes a radical solution which is able to offer the optimal financial results.
Agia Paraskevi
102
Τourkovounia
297
Paidon Hospital
Square
303 Rizari Street
254
Kaniggos Square
640
Katehaki
Bus Depot
61
0
150
300
450
600
750
Tota
l c
ost
(€/m
2)
Hospital Paidon Square
Rizari Street
Kaniggos Square
Agia Paraskevi
Thermal Bus Company
Τourkovounia
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Conclusions
The development of underground car parks is essential for modern cities as it provides an efficient way to facilitate the parking needs.
A further research should be realized in order to construct underground parking stations using methods which combine feasibility with greatest economy.
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End of Presentation
Thank you very much!