Preliminary Assessment Report using Marine Stewardship ... · Preliminary Assessment Report using...

Preliminary Assessment Report using Marine Stewardship Council standard for Captured Prawn Commodity (Penaeus indicus and P. merguiensis) with Trammel net in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan from WWF Indonesia team and Seafood Savers in part of Fisheries Management Improvement Program Conducted by: Buguh Tri Hardianto, Faridz Rizal Preliminary Assessment of Implemented Area: Kotabaru Sea Area, South Kalimantan Client: PT. Sekar Laut Client Contact: Welliam (PT Sekar Laut/ 0812 3528 4352) This report is an independent assessment which is conducted by Marine Program of WWF Indonesia on client fisheries activities. The ownership right of this report belongs to Marine Program of WWF Indonesia and the client. Producing a partial or full copy of this report is permitted only with both sides permission.

Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................ 3

1. Preface ........................................................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1. Scope of Study of Preliminary Assessment ........................................................................................................ 5

1.2. Aim of Preliminary Assessment .......................................................................................................................... 6

2. Information references ............................................................................................................................................... 6

3. Fisheries Description .................................................................................................................................................. 6

3.1 Seasons and Fishing Ground ....................................................................................................................................... 11

3.1. Prawn Catches .................................................................................................................................................. 13

4. Fisheries Resources .................................................................................................................................................. 14

4.1. Characteristics of Shrimp .................................................................................................................................. 14

4.2. Fish Stock Prediction ......................................................................................................................................... 17

5. Fisheries Interaction on Ecosystem .......................................................................................................................... 17

5.1. Primary Species................................................................................................................................................. 17

5.2. Secondary Species ............................................................................................................................................ 19

5.3. Protected and Threatened Species................................................................................................................... 20

5.4. Fisheries Practices Effect on Sea Floor Habitat ................................................................................................ 20

5.5. Effect on Food Web (Trophic Effect) ................................................................................................................ 20

6. Fisheries Management ............................................................................................................................................. 21

6.1. Fisheries Management Agency ......................................................................................................................... 21

6.2. General Fisheries Management Strategy ......................................................................................................... 20

6.3. Specific Fisheries Management Strategy .......................................................................................................... 21

6.4. Fisheries Subsidy ............................................................................................................................................... 21

7. Fisheries Preliminary Assessment on MSC Principal and Criteria ........................................................................... 22

7.1. Principal 1. Fisheries Stock Sustainability ......................................................................................................... 22

7.2. Principal 2. Fisheries Practice Effect on Ecosystem .......................................................................................... 27

7.3. Principal 3. Fisheries Management Effectivity ................................................................................................. 39

8. Conclusion and Reccomendation ............................................................................................................................. 44

Executive Summary

MSC (Marine Stewardship Council) ecolabel certification since introduced for the first time in 1999 is already accepted

widely as certificating system that is suitable to Eco-labelling guide and CCRF (Code of Conduct for Responsible

Fisheries) from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). In the independent report recently released (2010), Accentura

mentioned that this certification system is the best of 6 certificating systems akin. By using MSC standard, certified

product is expected to possess on good characteristic in the fisheries management, ecologically sustainable, and its

traceability mechanism. This ecolabel certification system is already became standardize fisheries product which is

ecofriendly and sustainable, moreover is the main requirement in order for this product to be able marketed to Europe

and America. Majority big retailers with wide connection in this two continents are already committed since 2012 will

accept only MSC certified fishery products.

WWF Indonesia initiate Seafood Savers for supporting fishers groups and fisheries entrepreneur which is positively

committed to transform its assisted group to be sustainable and responsible. One of the activities by Seafood Savers

to support the industry is through Preliminary assessment using MSC standard for assessing the fisheries industry

competence relate to join this eco-label certification.

This Preliminary Assessment is aiming to provide information in general about the assessed fisheries, bases on data

that is collected from client and management authority where the fisheries activities is located. Other aim of this

Preliminary assessment is to identify disturbance or problem possibility in joining MSC eco-label. Although the utilized

method is same, the result from pre assessment and full assessment MSC might indicate slight difference if stakeholder

involvement and the approach are different.

Fisheries activities which are conducted by fishers in Kotabaru utilize Trammel Net and Mini Trawl to catch shrimp.

Every fishers own a fishing vessel by themselves while it is operated by one to three fishers. Fishers in Kotabaru have

balance percentage in these 2 fishing gear utilization. Therefore after the trawl ban, the fishers is transforming or

changing their mini trawl fishing gear to trammel net.

Several prawns that become capture target is white prawn (Penaeus indicus) and Banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis).

Whilst the non-target prawns still possess a high economic value and are utlized by the fishers are Tiger prawn (P.

monodon) Ranbow shrimp (Parapenaeopsis sculptilis), Endevour prawn (Metapenaeus ensis), dan Stork shrimp

(Metapenaeus brevicornis). Beside that, Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is also being caught.

PRINCIPAL INDICATOR SCORE IMPROVEMENT PRIORITY

Fisheries Stock Sustainability

1.1.1 Resource Stock Status <60 HIGH

1.1.2 Stock Improvement <60 HIGH

1.2.1 Harvest Strategy <60 HIGH

1.2.2 Capturing Aid and Regulation <60 HIGH

1.2.3 Information/Monitoring <60 HIGH

1.2.4 Stock Status Assessment <60 HIGH

Fisheries Practice Effect on Ecosystem

2.1.1 Primary Species Yield Status <60 HIGH

2.1.2 Primary Species Management Strategy <60 HIGH

2.1.3 Information <60 HIGH

2.2.1 Secondary Species Yield Status <60 HIGH

2.2.2 Secondary Status Management Strategy <60 HIGH


2.3.1 ETP Species Yield Status <60 HIGH

2.3.2 ETP Species Management Strategy 60-80 MODERATE


2.4.1 Habitat Status 60-80 MODERATE

2.4.2 Habitat Management Strategy 60-80 MODERATE


2.5.1 Ecosystem Status <60 HIGH

2.5.2 Ecosystem Management Status <60 HIGH

2.5.3 Ecosystem Information/monitoring <60 HIGH

Fisheries Management Effectivity

3.1.1 Legal Framework 60-80 MODERATE

3.1.2 Consultation, Role &Responsibility <60 HIGH

3.1.3 Long-term Goal 60-80 MODERATE

3.2.1 Specific Fisheries Goal <60 HIGH

3.2.2 Decision-Making Process <60 HIGH

3.2.3 Regulation Compability & Implementation <60 HIGH

3.2.4 Management Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation

<60 HIGH

1. Preface MSC (Marine Stewardship Council) ecolabel certification since introduced for the first time in 1999 is already

accepted widely as certificating system that is suitable to Eco-labelling guide and CCRF (Code of Conduct for

Responsible Fisheries) from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). In the independent report recently

released (2010), Accentura mentioned that this certification system is the best of 6 certificating systems akin.

By using MSC standard, certified product is expected to possess on good characteristic in the fisheries

management, ecologically sustainable, and its traceability mechanism. This ecolabel certification system is

already became standardize fisheries product which is ecofriendly and sustainable, moreover is the main

requirement in order for this product to be able marketed to Europe and America. Majority big retailers with

wide connection in this two continents are already committed since 2012 will accept only MSC certified fishery

products.

Export fisheries for Indonesia is one of the main contributor of country’s stock exchange. As a country where

two-thirds of it’s territory is waters, Indonesia is included in tenth biggest fish exporting countries worldwide

with export value was US$ 1.69 billion in 2004 (FAO 2004) and arose to US$ 1.91 billion in 2005 (Ministry of

Marine Affairs and Fisheries). Looking at market demand of Europe and America that attract to fisheries

products which are already certified eco-label and correlate with Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries vision

for creating the biggest fisheries products supplier, therefore an attempt to facilitate consumer need abroad

shall be accommodated.

WWF Indonesia initiate Seafood Savers for supporting fishers groups and fisheries entrepreneurs which are

positively committed to transform its assisted group to be sustainable and responsible. One of the activities by

Seafood Savers to support the industry is through Preliminary assessment using MSC standard for assessing

the fisheries industry competence relates to join this eco-label certification.

1.1. Scope of Study of Preliminary Assessment Preliminary assessment covers assessment certification unit which means fishery or fisheries stock combined with procedure / tools and captured practice on intended fishery. This information will be important for giving to MSC auditor during certification process.

Table 1: Certification Units

Target Species White Prawn (Penaeus indicus) Banana Prawn (Penaeus merguiensis)

Geographic Location / FMA NRI (Indonesian Fisheries Management Area)

FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713 : Kotabaru, South Kalimantan

Fisheries Management - PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No. 29 / 2012

- PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No. 30 / 2012

- KEPMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No.80 / 2016

- PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No. 18 / 2013

- UU (regulation) RI (Republic of Indonesia) No. 27 / 2007 - UU (regulation) 31 / 2004 about Fisheries - PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries

Regulation) No. 2 / 2014

Method Trammel Net

Management Authorities - Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries - Fisheries offices at provincial & district level in South

Kalimantan province - Fisheries offices at provincial & district level Kotabaru

regency

Client PT. Sekar Laut

Preliminary Assessment was conducted using MSC documents Pre-Assessment Reporting Template Version 2.0, 8 October 2014.

1.2. Aim of Preliminary Assessment This Preliminary Assessment is aiming to provide information in general about the assessed fisheries, bases on

data that are collected from client and management authority where the fisheries activities are located. Other

aim of this Preliminary assessment is to identify disturbance or problem possibility in joining MSC eco-label.

Although the utilized method is same, the result from pre assessment and full assessment MSC might indicate

slight difference if stakeholder involvement and the approach are different.

2. Information References This Preliminary assessment is created according to these information references:

Meetings

Table 2: Meeting Contact Person list

Date & Location Name & Position Institutions Contact

5 November 2017 Abah Ali (Rampak lama fisherman)

Rampak Lama fishers 082352535459

5 November 2017 Tajuddin (Rainbow prawn

collector)

081348258383

5 November 2017 Rustam (Rainbow prawn

collector)

081348859329

4 November 2017 KADIS DKP (Chief of Fisheries

offices at district level) Berau

KADIS DKP (Chief of

Fisheries offices at

district level) Berau

081351513961

5 November 2017 Burhan (fishers and local

facilitator)

081251776218

5 November 2017 Amirullah (Chief of PPI Kotabaru) 085219323117

5 November 2017 Ayun (PT. Sekar Laut collector) 081348583333

Other Information

Komnaskajiskan. 2006. Indonesian fishes stock resources status at each fisheries management area.

Kepmen (Ministerial Decree) No. 45 / 2011. About fish resource potential estimation in Indonesian

Fisheries Management Area.

www.fishbase.org

PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No. 2 / 2015 about trawl and seine net

ban in Indonesian Fisheries Management Area

3. Fisheries Description Prawn fisheries in Indonesia majority are conducted for supplying market in Japan, America, and Europe,

because of the higher price offered than if it compare to the price offer by domestic market. Harvest strategy

mostly is conducted with two methods; Passive gears like gill net and trammel net, and active gears such as

lampara net. However since the establishment of PERMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries

Regulation) No. 2 / 2015 about trawl and seine net ban in WWP-RI (Indonesia Fisheries Management Area),

fishers is already tend to used gill net and trammel net on capturing prawns. However, lampara dasar and

danish seine usage are still occurred.

Based on meeting on November 4th 2016 with Matahari fishers group, DKP (Fisheries offices at district level)

Kotabaru regency, Trammel net and lampara net fishers in Rampak lama village, Rampak Baru dan Hilir, and

prawns collectors in 4 locations that stated that prawn fisheries in Kotabaru are already conducted from

generation to generation, predicted since 80s. Preliminaryly, Misaja Mitra Company started it, by using trawl

net for capturing prawn. After trawl net was banned, around 200 companies stop capturing and only buy

capturing prawn from fishers that use trammel net and Lampara net. Whereas traditional fishers in Kotabaru,

have 50-50 precentage of trammel net and lampara net usage. Capturing target of these two fishing gears are

also different. Trammel net is target on big size Banana prawn and Tiger prawn, Lampara net is target on

rainbow prawn and other smaller prawns. Fisheries activities are conducted by fishers in Kotabaru do not focus

on one target commodity. At least 2 kind of prawns are became target by fishers, Banana and Tiger prawn.

Both are often being caught by fishers using trammel net with fishing vessel size less than 1GT. Every fishing

vessel is operated by 2 – 3 fishers.

Below are Jaring Gondrong or Trammel Net specification.

Trammel net

50% of fishers in Kotabaru utilize trammel net in capturing prawn. By targeting on big size prawn such as Banana

prawn and Tiger prawn, trammel net is operated by 2 person in 1 vessel. Usually fishers depart for fishing at

05.30 – 14.00.

Trammel net that is operated by Kotabaru fishers is made by nylon (PA) and monofilament with mesh size 5

inch on outer part of net and 1,6 inch on inner part of net. Usually fishers operated trammel net with 28 m of

net length and 2 -3 meter width / 1 piece. In 1 set of trammel net that is operated, there are 7 – 15 pieces of

net that link to each other with same specification. In 1 day, fishers can operate trammel net up to 5 times.

Picture 1. Difference between inner and outer mesh sizes

(© WWF-Indonesia 2017/Buguh.T)

Picture 2. Trammel net Construction Sketch (© WWF-Indonesia 2017/Buguh.T)

Capturing technique of Trammel Net is by sweeping the sea floor and cut out the current. Therefore, prawn in

seafloor will trap into the net. There are several steps in operated this trammel net:

1. Setting

Setting is conducted by 2 person. One person is on net buoy side and the other person at net ballast. The net

is released into the bottom of the sea, and on the net tip is given a marker buoy.

2. Towing

Towing is conducted by circling or moving in the opposite direction. After all nets are released, the vessel can

moved sweep the seafloor so the prawn will be trap into the net.

3. Hauling

Hauling is conducted by pulling the net from linking side of the vessel. The net is pulled from net buoy and

ballast, while collecting the catch that are trap on net. Prawns that are obtained are put into the container

without ice.

Catches

The catches usually consist of tiger prawns. The other type of prawns such as endevour prawns and other

prawns, will be also utilized by fishers. Fishers usually bring ice to the sea, Catch prawns are placed into a

container contain ice mix with sea water. This is to keep the prawn freshness when it bring back to home.

However, if the prawns are a lot, captured prawn will be let on the net without being plaed in the ice container.

Then after arrived at home, fishers will release the prawn from the net.

Picture 3. The prawn was being realesed from the net (© WWF-Indonesia 2017/Buguh.T)

Trammel net that is utilized by fishers included into selective fishing gear category. Catch composition of

trammel net among others;

Based on a diagram above, 80% catch from trammel net is white prawn, 10% for tiger prawn, 5% for rajungan,

and 5% for other fishes. Here are the illustration of precentage breakdown of it:

Udang White

Udang Tiger

Rajungan

Ikan Lainnya

Table 3. Percentage of Trammel net catch species composition

No. Shrimp Type Scientifict Name Picture Percentage

1 White / Banana

prawn

Panaeus

marguensis

80%

2 tiger/flower

prawn Panaeus monodon

10%

4 Blue swimming

crab Portunus pelagicus

5%

5 Indian

Mackerel

5%

Catch of prawns by fishers usually only sell to fishing collectors in Kotabaru. Then after that, this collector will

sell to various area, such as Banjarmasin and other places in Jawa.

For price list of prawns that sold by fishers are;

Table 4. Shrimp Price List in Kotabaru

Commodity Price list (IDR)

Tiger Prawn U 30 = Rp130.000

White / Banana Prawn U 30 – 40 = Rp. 175.000 U 50 Up = Rp. 125.000

Endevour Prawn Rp. 42.000/Kg

Rainbow Shrimp 12.500/Kg

Stork Shrimp Rp. 41.000

Yellow shrimp Rp. 38.000

3.1 Season and Fishing Ground Harvesting prawn is conducted throughout the year, only for tiger prawn and white prawn that have

particular season. Target fisheries season in detail based on information from fishers, the most productive

seasons is during rainy season. Other than the harvest season, it is also affected by wind, when the east

wind blows lesser fish is captured and during west wind blows more prawn is captured. According to fishers

explanation, harvest season especially prawn is usually on October to January. Whilst for low season of

prawn is usually on August to September. Beside this harvest season, fishers from Kotabaru also possess

local custom where on Friday, fishers will not go to sea.

In general, prawn catches in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan, based on season can be seen through above

table:

Table 6: Fishing Seasons

Spesies Season Month Notation

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Banana

prawn

Peak X X X X

Normal

Low

Spawning

Tiger

prawn

Peak X X X X

Normal

Low

Spawning

Endevour

prawn

Peak X X X X X X X X X X X X can be captured

throughout the

year

Normal

Low

Spawning

Rainbow

shrimp


throughout the

year

Normal

Low

Spawning

Stork

shrimp


throughout the

year

Normal

Low

Spawning

Yellow

shrimp


throughout the

year

Normal

Low

Spawning

Season Harvest Total per Fisherman Per Day

Annotation

Peak (October – January) ±10 - 15 kg For all catch

Low (August – September) Bad weather for capturing prawn

There was an inclining of catch that already perceived by fishers in Kotabaru. In fishers opinion, the inclining

occur in amount and size of catch. A big differences if it is compared to catch in 1970s. Beside this, the fishing

ground become more distance. Fishers stated that the inclining catch might occurred due to the usage of

harmful bomb and toxic during prawn capture activities.

Fishing ground of trammel net and Lampara net fishers are located at the same location. The differences of

these two fishing gear is the water depth. Trammel net usually is operated in 7 – 20 meter depth, whereas

Lampara dasar is operated in 5 – 10 meter. The travelling time from fishing base to fishing ground take 1 – 2

hours using vessel with 35PK engine. Several fishing ground are;

- Pamukan Bay Waters

- Plumpang Bay Waters

- Sea area around Dewa Cape

- Sebuku Strait Waters

- Pantai Waters

- Partially in southern of Sebuku Island waters (Seloka Cape and its surrounding)

Picture 4.1

Prawn Fishing ground of Fishers in Kotabaru

around Kotabaru sea area

3.1. Capturing Target Prawn The type of prawn target in Kotabaru is can be seen at table below.

Table 7: Capturing target Prawn by fishers in Kotabaru

Popular Name : Banana Prawn Indonesian Name : Udang Putih Scientific Name : Penaeus merguiensis

Popular Name : Tiger Prawn Indonesian Name : Udang Windu Scientific Name : Penaeus monodon

Popular Name : Endevour prawn Indonesian Name : Udang Ende Scientific Name : Metapenaeus ensis

Popular Name : Rainbow shrimp Indonesian Name : Udang Kerosok Scientific Name : Parapenaeopsis sculptilis

Popular Name : Stork shrimp Indonesian Name : Udang Lampis Scientific Name : Metapenaeus tenuipes

Popular Name : Yellow shrimp Indonesian Name : Udang Bintik Scientific Name : Metapenaeus brevicornis

4. Fisheries Resources

4.1. Prawn Characteristics Target prawn is included into a big Panaeid group, which this prawn group is often associated with muddy and sand seafloor. Although mainly prawn is in muddy and sand seafloor, during juvenile phase they can be found in estuary and mangrove habitat. Prawn mostly live in 10 -50 meter, with majority found at 10 – 45 meter depth. They are omnivore in general such as detritus and another organism residual. There is no information about gender composition on catch, however if the activities are conducted at spawning area, it might exploit a lot of male prawn. Mostly the life pattern of prawn covers several steps that is required different habitat in every steps. Prawn is usually spawning at relatively deep water. After it hatch, the larva is planktonic and floating through current, then swims to look for low salinity water around coastal and estuary area. The prawn larva develop and grow at the coastal area. Reaching nearly adult stage, the prawns go back to the deep sea that has higher salinity for spawning. These stages circulate

and become prawn life cycle. A penaeid prawn during grown and development experiences several phases, Nauplius, zoea, mysis, post larva, juvenile, and adult prawn.

Table 8: Biological characteristics of Target Species

Scientific Name

General Characteristics Mean Length (cm)

Maximum Length (cm)

Adult Length (cm)

Reproduction Strategy

Trophic level

Panaeus marguensis

➢ The species is commercially of major importance in the Persian Gulf and in Pakistan (Longhurst, 1970:280,281; Tirmizi, in Litt.). In India this species has often been confused with Penaeus indicus so that its present economic status is not quite accurately known, but Jones (1967: 1333) pointed out that it definitely contributes to the commercial fishery along the Karwar coast of W. India. Kurian & Sebastian (1976:100) reported that there is a small fishery for this species "in the middle region of east and west coasts" of India, while "juveniles are fished from estuaries". it is not mentioned for Bangladesh by Ahmad (1957), so that it is possible that a confusion with P. indicus has occurred here also. P. merguiensis is also important off the northwestern coast of Malaya, and possibly the west coast of Thailand, and the Philippines (Longhurst, 1970:284-290). In Indonesia it is taken by trawlers off E. Sumatra, the south coast of Java, off Borneo and in the Arafura Sea, being the dominant species there. In Australia it is the most important commercial species of Queensland, and also in Western Australia it may become very important (Racek, 1955:222; 1957:12). In the Gulf of Papua it is trawled for;

➢ the catch is frozen.It plays a role in pond culture in Thailand (Shigueno, 1975:120) and in Indonesia. The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 78 743 t. The countries with the largest catches were Indonesia (65 230 t) and Thailand (9 200 t).

35 mm (CL)

240 mm (female)

33.86 mm (CL)

dioecism.

bearers External

brooders

3.36 s.e 0.35 individual food items

Panaeus monodon

➢ In S.E. and E. Africa (Natal to Somalia, including Madagascar) the species is of minor or moderate commercial importance, it is used for bait and food.In Pakistan it is likewise of minor importance. Jones (1967:1333) indicated that it is more common in prawn catches on the east coast of India than on the west coast. According to Chopra (1939:222) "This is the commonest large sized penaeid of Calcutta, and is sold in our markets in enormous quantities". Kurian & Sebastian (1976:100) cited it as an important commercial species in India, especially on the east coast (Bengal and Orissa); juveniles being caught in estuaries. Also in Bangladesh it is of considerable commercial importance. In Malaya and Thailand Penaeus monodon is fished in offshore waters. It is obtained both by pond fishing and inshore fishing in Malaya, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines and Taiwan; because of its large size the species is quite important economically. Domantay (1956:363) indicated that "among the commercially important prawns in the Philippines, Penaeus monodon Fabricius

37 – 47 mm (CL)

330 mm 164-190 mm

dioecism.

bearers

External brooders

37.70 s.e 0.39 based on food items

stands foremost". In Japan and Korea it seems to be of minor importance; Yoshida (1941) remarked that it was sold on the Fusan market in Korea. Also in Australia the species is of commercial interest: Harrison, Kesteven & Setter (1965:8) listed it among the commercial species of the Gulf of Carpentaria, while Racek (1957:12) mentioned it as the last of the six most important species of New South Wales, and as the fourth in importance of the species taken in offshore waters of Queensland. Rapson & McIntosh (1971:17) reported it as constituting about 7% of the commercial catches in New Guinea (mainly in the Gulf of Papua). The total catch reported for FAO The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 144 042 t. The countries with the largest catches were India (93 830t) and Indonesia (31 510 t). One of the most used fishing technique for this species is the "Shrimp outrigger trawling".

Metapenaeus ensis

➢ Maximum carapace length: 3.5 cm (male); 4.2 cm (female) (Ref. 8). Common body length: 7.0 to 14.0 cm (Ref. 409). Minimum depth range from Ref. 111048. Found mainly in turbid waters down to a depth of 95 m over bottoms of mud, sandy-mud or silt. Juveniles are found in estuaries and backwaters, also in seagrass beds, mangrove banks, mud flats, and open channels (Ref. 8) while adults are found in deeper waters (Ref. 10). Juveniles from a riverine mangrove are likely to obtain nutrition from phytoplankton and possibly epiphytic algae than from mangrove leaves or detritus (Ref. 105141). In general, the majority of penaeids are omnivorous or detritus feeders (Ref. 105082). Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric. Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Spawning occurred throughout the year with peak in September (Ref. 94179).

3.63 cm 9.8 cm (male) 11.3 (Female)

3.5 cm dioecism.

bearers External

brooders

2.00 based on individual food items

Parapenaeopsis sculptilis

➢ Minimum depth from Ref. 107878. Juveniles are found in an estuary (Ref. 106922). Inhabits sand, mud, mud flats, mud mixed with shell fragments, fine sloppy alluvial silt, and clean sand with coarse shell and gravel (Ref. 106856). Omnivorous bottom feeder (Ref. 105082). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833).

n/a 17.0 cm 7.8 cm dioecism.

bearers

External brooders

3.10 s.e 0.35 From individual food items

Metapenaeus tenuipes

➢ Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric. Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833).

n/a 9.7 cm n/a dioecism.

bearers

External brooders

n/a

Metapenaeus brevicornis


13.3 cm 15.2cm

http://bppl.kkp.go.id/uploads/publikasi/karya_tulis_ilmiah/Duranta1.pdf

http://www.fao.org/fishery/culturedspecies/

http://bppl.kkp.go.id/uploads/publikasi/karya_tulis_ilmiah/Duranta1.pdf


4.2. Prawn Stock Prediction Kepmen (Ministerial Decree) No. 45 / 2011 especially at FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713 explained about demersal fish stock is in over exploited condition. However, there is not yet a more specific information of target prawn species. Because the stock status that is available is not at species level, therefore for further activities in pre assessment MSC process, it is recommended to use Risk Based Framework (RBF), and further assessment by Harvest Control Rules (HCR).

5. Fisheries Interaction on Ecosystem

5.1. Primary Species Primary species is a species that is already managed, this species is located in species scope on species unit.

Primary species in general is species with high economic value, outside or inside of assessment unit, with

management tools arrange the harvest strategy and has a reference point. Moreover, the institution or

regulation manage this species (or its stock species) usually will possess same area of assessed fisheries.

Table 9: Primary species name that is captured using line

Popular Name : Endevour prawn

Indonesian Name : Udang Ende

Scientific Name : Metapenaeus ensis

Popular Name : Rainbow shrimp

Indonesian Name : Udang Kerosok

Scientific Name : Parapenaeopsis

sculptilis

Popular Name : Stork shrimp

Indonesian Name : Udang Lampis

Scientific Name : Metapenaeus

tenuipes

Popular Name : Yellow shrimp

Indonesian Name : Udang Bintik

Scientific Name : Metapenaeus

brevicornis



Table 10: Biological Characteristics of primary species Scientific Name


Maximum Length (cm)

Adult Length (cm)


Trophic level

Metapenaeus ensis

➢ Maximum carapace length: 3.5 cm (male); 4.2 cm (female) (Ref. 8). Common body length: 7.0 to 14.0 cm (Ref. 409). Minimum depth range from Ref. 111048. Found mainly in turbid waters down to a depth of 95 m over bottoms of mud, sandy-mud or silt. Juveniles are found in estuaries and backwaters, also in seagrass beds, mangrove banks, mud flats, and open channels (Ref. 8) while adults are found in deeper waters (Ref. 10). Juveniles from a riverine mangrove are likely to obtain nutrition from phytoplankton and possibly epiphytic algae than from mangrove leaves or detritus (Ref. 105141). In general, the majority of penaeids are omnivorous or detritus feeders (Ref. 105082). Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric. Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Spawning occurred throughout the year with peak in September (Ref. 94179).

3.63 cm 9.8 cm (male) 11.3 (Female)

3.5 cm dioecism. bearers

External

brooders

2.00 based on individual food items

Parapenaeopsis sculptilis

➢ Minimum depth from Ref. 107878. Juveniles are found in an estuary (Ref. 106922). Inhabits sand, mud, mud flats, mud mixed with shell fragments, fine sloppy alluvial silt, and clean sand with coarse shell and gravel (Ref. 106856). Omnivorous bottom feeder (Ref. 105082). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833).

n/a 17.0 cm 7.8 cm dioecism.

bearers

External brooders


Metapenaeus tenuipes


n/a 9.7 cm n/a dioecism. bearers

External

brooders

n/a

Metapenaeus brevicornis


13.3 cm 15.2cm n/a dioecism. bearers

External

brooders

n/a


5.2. Secondary Species Secondary species contain fish that does not manage according to reference point including birds, mammals, reptile, and amphibian (all species outside the scope of MSC standard) and is not ETP species. This type species in several cases is often utilized for bait or vessel crew/fishers consumption and others. It is also often became bycatch that is undesirable but cannot be avoided. Remembering this species status often does not manage, therefore there is a possibility that there is no regulation using reference point from biomass or mortality rate of fishing (fishing mortality), nevertheless the limit of available data is also occurred.


Table 11: Secondary Species Name

Popular Name : Blue swimming crab

Indonesian Name : Rajungan

Scientific Name : Portunus pelagicus

Popular Name : Indian Mackerel

Indonesian Name : Ikan Kembung

Scientific Name : Rastrelliger kanagurta


Table 12: Biological Characteristics of Secondary species

Scientific Name


Maximum Length (cm)

Adult Length (cm)


Trophic level

Portunus pelagicus

➢ Carapace rough to granulose, regions discernible; front with 4 acutely triangular teeth; 9 teeth on each anterolateral margin, the last tooth 2 to 4 times larger than preceding teeth. Chelae elongate in males; larger chela with conical tooth at base of fingers; pollex ridged. Color: males with blue markings, females dull green.

➢ Matures at about 1 year. Collected mainly by artisanal traps, trawls, beach seines, cylindrical wire traps, folding traps, pots, hop nets, drop nets, and sunken crab gill nets. In shallow waters, it is caught using beach seines, rakes, and dab nets. Sold in local markets (fresh or frozen) and for the crab-flesh canning industry. Most widely sold in markets of Southeast Asia, including the Philippines (Ref. 343). Maximum depth from Ref. 801. Immediate subtidal to a depth of 40 m (Ref. 801), on sandy to sandy-muddy substrates in areas near reefs, mangroves, and sea grass and algal beds (Ref. 343). Juveniles tend to occur in shallow intertidal areas (Ref. 343). Burrows in sand when disturbed; carnivorous and voracious predator (Ref. 801). Host to protozoans, helminths and crustaceans (Ref. 104981). Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric. Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Berried females found throughout the year; abundant from September to March with peaks in September to

9.2 cm (male) 8.5 cm (female)

24 cm 7.9 – 9.0 cm

dioecism. bearers External brooders

2.48 s.e 0.19 From diet composition


December and January (Ref. 99882).

Rastrelliger kanagurta

➢ Adults occur in coastal bays, harbors and deep lagoons, usually in some turbid plankton-rich waters. Form schools. Feed on phytoplankton (diatoms) and small zooplankton (cladocerans, ostracods, larval polychaetes, etc.) (Ref. 9684). Small groups were seen eating eggs of Cheilio inermis straight after spawning (Ref. 48637). Adult individuals feed on macroplankton such as larval shrimps and fish. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Generally marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried-salted, and smoked; also made into fish sauce (Ref. 9684).

25 cm 42.1 cm (TL) 20 24.5 cm

Dioecism. Batch spawner



5.3. Protected and Threatened Species There is no information about the interaction with ETP species. However, there is a bycatch from catch that is Horse shoe crab in every capturing activity using trammel net.

Tabel 13: Informasi mengenai spesies ETP dan penanganannya

Spesies Capture Frequency Handling

Horse shoe crab Rarely Release back to the sea

5.4. Fisheries Activities Effect on Sea Floor Habitat Prawn fisheries operation in sand and muddy area does not have any negative impact for the prawn habitat

itself which is the bottom of the sea. In fishers opinion, trammel net is often trapped with other fishers

nets that operated close together, these nets is always lifted up. There are no trammel nets is left behind

which might create a ghost fishing. Fishers often only float on the sea not anchored during trammel net

operation.

5.5. Effect on Food Web (Trophic Effect) Prawn has trophic level around 2,5 – 3 and included into omnivore which consumed relative balance plant

and animal. This prawn group is consisted of udang dogol, udang putih, udang kuning and udang wangkang.

6. Fisheries Management

6.1. Fisheries Management Agency Fisheries management in national is controlled by Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, however UU

(regulation) No. 31 / 2004 and revised through UU (regulation) No. 45 / 2009 stated that for vessel size

below 5 GT does not have to record and freely captured fishes in every sea in Indonesia. Nevertheless, it is

recommended to register vessel size 5GT to village office, regency, and province.

Moreover, UU (regulation) No.23 / 2014 about Local Government, is already regulated about the authority

for resource management including marine and fisheries resource at regional level. Where it is contained

that provincial government has a role as marine are management up to 12 mil outside oil and gas, it is


including affairs in captured fisheries, aquaculture, and marine and fisheries resource monitoring in 12 mil

of sea area.

6.2. Fisheries Management Strategy in General Fisheries management is regulated by UU (regulation) No. 31 / 2004 and revised by UU (regulation) No.

45/2009 stated that Minister’s task are to provide regulations about resource potential and harvest

strategy; to define permitted catch; type, number and size of fishing gear; capturing season and harvest

strategy closure; size and minimum weight of the permitted captured species; protected fisheries;

protected species. Regulation that nowadays is established is not existed and not yet fulfilled for coral reef

fisheries management using hand line and troll and line, because this fishing gear is considered a less

impact to the ecosystem.

6.3. Fisheries Management in Specific Fisheries management planning in specific for prawn fisheries using trammel net is not yet produced

specifically by MMAF (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries). Nevertheless there is a regulation about

trawl and purse seine usage ban in FMA RI (Indonesian Fisheries Management Area), poured in PERMEN

KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation) No. 2 / 2015.

Now, there is no regulation about harvest strategy area zonation in sea area of Kotabaru. Therefore it is

highly required a regulation to establish Kotabaru sea area as a conservation area. Moreover, it is also

required to create a fisheries management at regional level that regulate about prawn fisheries activities.

Therefore, prawn capturing activities in Kotabaru will managed in a good way.

Furthermore, there is KEPMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Decree) No. 80 / 2016 about

Fisheries Management Planning in FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713, where Kotabaru sea area, South

Kalimantan is included in this area. In this KEPMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Decree) No.

80 / 2016, it is explained about Fisheries Management at FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713 and the

guideline for provincial government or regency government to adopt and to establish fisheries

management at regional level.

6.4. Fisheries Subsidy Fisheries activities of prawn fishers in Kotabaru regency is already supported by several involved

institutions, but is not yet full-coverage. Nowadays, fisheries subsidy is implementated in Kotabaru will

include sustainability fisheries principals.

7. Preliminary Fisheries Assessment on MSC Principal and Criteria

7.1. Principal 1. Fisheries Stock Sustainability No Performance

Indicator Assessment Issues Below (< SG 60) Appropriate

(SG 60-80) Above (> SG 80) References

1.1.1

Stock / resource status X

Stock productivity level is able to be managed in a good way and the possibility of overfishing is relatively small

a) Stock status is relative to the disturbance on recruitment

Based on KEPMEN (Ministerial Decree) No. 45 / 2011, demersal fish stock status in general is in over exploited condition. However stock status in specific for prawn species is not yet assessed.

b) Stock status is related on reaching MSY

1.1.2 Stock Recovery X

When the reducing stock has been known, there is a proof of stock recovery strategy that si prepared in specific time period.

a) recovery time period A time period strategy for

stock recovery of reducing

resource is not available.

Resource stock recovery

evaluation scheme is not

available.

Tools for assessing stock

recovery (RBF) are

available, however the

assessment is not yet

implemented due to the

lack of data.

b) recovery evaluation

1.2.1 Harvest Strategy X Permen (Ministerial


about Fisheries

Management Planning

Preparation Guideline in

Capturing Fishes

KEPMEN KP (Ministry of

Marine Affairs and

Fisheries Decree) No. 80 /

2016 about Fisheries

Management Planning in

FMA (Fisheries

Management Area) 713.

A firm Capturing Strategy is available

a) Capturing strategy design

Nowadays, the harvest strategy at the location is not available. However, the government is already released a regulation about the fisheries management strategy establishment that regulate also on fisheries harvest strategy in general (Ministerial Regulation No. 29 / 2012). The available management is based on MPA that is located in several locations that has been proved in a good way, nowadays monitoring mechanism and monitoring is conducted not in a good way by management authority. Management strategy for maintaining resource sustainability is recommended to cover (i) non-captured area that is including the spawning location, growing area, and finding small fish area (ii) co-management for

b) Capturing strategy evaluation

c) Capturing strategy monitoring

d) Capturing strategy review

resource management, monitoring, surveillance, and the action of regulation violation. If this mechanism is conducted, the resource is certainly maintained in a good way. A fisheries management planning at FMA (Fisheries Management Area), such as KEPMEN KP (Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Decree) No. 80 / 2016 about the fisheries management planning at FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713. This planning is contained a guideline to the regional government to create a fisheries management at regional level that is include in FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 713. Because the harvest strategy is not available, then monitoring strategy, evaluation, and review are not yet available at where the harvest strategy is conducted. In Permen (Government Regulation) No. 29 / 2012, regulates a monitoring mechanism, evaluation, and review on harvest strategy. For regional level, a

strategy about capturing in

specific is available where

it is a regulation about fish

capturing activities at

regional level. However, it

is only regulated about

fishing gear that is allow to

operate at regional level.

1.2.2 Capturing Aid and Regulation X

There is an effective harvest regulation (HCR)

a) Harvest regulation (HCR) and its implementation

The PERDA (Regional Regulation) about harvest regulation (HCR) and tools that implement this regulation is not available.

b) a firmness harvest regulation (HCR) in the uncertainities

c) Harvest regulation (HCR) evaluation

1.2.3 Information / monitoring X

Information relates to collect for supporting harvest strategy

a) Information range A relevant information

about stock status, stock

productivity, and existed

vessel composition for

supporting harvest

strategy is not yet

available.

Information about stock

abundance and monitoring

fisheries migration and at

least one of the indicators

is available and is

monitored enough

b) Monitoring

c)information completeness

frequently for supporting

harvest control is not yet

available.

A comprehensive scientific assessment on several species about stock unit of prawn especially in Kotabaru sea area and its surrounding is not yet available.

1.2.4 Stock Status Assessment X

There is an adequate assessment about stock status

a) the eligibility of stock status that is assessed

There is not yet enough

available information

about prawn stock at

Kotabaru sea area and

surrounding, so the

assessment approach

activity is cannot yet be

considered.

Assessment activity for

evaluation is cannot be

considered because does

not have information

relates to prawn stock

status in Kotabaru sea

area, especially at the

fishing ground of Kotabaru

fishers.


prediction is cannot be



b) assessment approach

c) the uncertainities on assessment

d) assessment evalution

e) assessment result review


status in Kotabaru se area,

especially at the fishing

ground of Kotabaru fishers.


peer review is cannot be




status in Kotabaru sea

area, especially at the

fishing ground of Kotabaru

fishers.

7.2. Principal 2. Fisheries Practice Effect on Ecosystem No Performance

Indicator Assessment Issues Below

(< SG 60) Appropriate (SG 60-80)

Above (> SG 80)

References

2.1.1 Primary species yield status X

Fisheries unit, is keep

maintained primary species

at the above of point where

the recruitment might be

interrupted (PRI) and does

not prevent the recovery of

primary species if it is on

below PRI

a) main primary species stock status


status for primary species

is not yet available, so

regulation that ensures a

recovery mechanism is

occurred if this species

suffers overexploitation is

not available.


status for primary species

is not yet available, so

regulation action for

ensuring this species does

b) Minor primary species stock status

not suffer overexploitation

is not yet available.

There are still found a small

size primary species that

are captured during

capturing operation using

trammel net with mesh

size 10.

Assessment is not yet

conducted on the usage of

mesh size 10 effect to the

size of primary catches.

It is required to assess

using Risk Based

Framework (RBF)

mechanism for primary

catches status using a

handline with mesh size 5

inc and 1.6 inc.

2.1.2 Primary species management strategy X

There is a strategy or

specific management

system that is established

for maintaining or not

disturbing on stock

recovery process, and the

a) the availability of management strategy

There are not yet available

of management strategy,

management strategy

evaluation, and

management strategy

implementation for

b) management strategy evaluation

unit is assessed regularly, is

reviewed, and is

implemented its

management action such

as minimalizing the

mortality rate of bycatch.

c) management strategy implementation

primary species because

the management strategy

is not yet available.

2.1.3 Information X

An adequate information

covers about

characteristics and status

of non-target species for

deciding risk that might

occurs by fisheries activity

and ensuring utilized

strategy is effective on

primary species

management.

a) the availability of information to assess an effect of main species

It is not yet available an

effective information

about characteristics and

status of non-target as a

part of strategy using


size 5 inch and 1.6 inch.

There are still found non-

target species in small size

that are captured during

capturing operation of

primary species using



The assessment is not yet

available about the effect

of mesh size 5 inch and 1.6

inch on non-target species

during trammel net

operation.

The assessment is not yet



inch usage on non-target

b) the availability of information to assess an effect of minor species

species during trammel net

operation.


using Risk Based

Framework (RBF) for non-

target catch status using



2.2.1 Secondary species yield status X

Fisheries unit, keeps

maintain primary species at

above biological limit and

does not disturb the

recovery of primary species

if it is at below biological

limit.

a) Main secondary species stock status

Information is not yet

available about stock

status for secondary

species, so the regulation is

not yet available for

ensuring the recovery

mechanism is occurred if

this species suffers

overexploitation.


available about stock

status for secondary

species, so the regulation

action is not yet available

that ensures this species

does not suffer

overexploitation.

There are small size

secondary species that are

captured during capturing

operation using trammel

b) Minor secondary species stock status

net with mesh size 5 inch

and 1.6 inch.




inch on secondary species

size of catch.


using Risk Based

Framework (RBF)

mechanism for catch

status of secondary species

using handline with mesh


2.2.2 Secondary species management strategy X

There is a management

strategy or system in

specific that is established

for maintaining or does not

disturb the stock recovery

process, and the assessed

unit regularly is reviewed

and is implemented

management action such

as minimalize the mortality

rate of bycatch.


There are not yet a

management strategy,

management strategy

evaluation, and

management strategy

implementation for

secondary species are

available, because its

management strategy is

not yet available.

b) Management strategy evaluation

c) Management strategy implementation

2.2.3 Information x

An adequate information

about characteristics and

status of non-target species

a) The availability of information for assessing the effect of main species

An effective information

about the characteristics

and status of non-target

for deciding risk that is

occurred by fisheries

activities and ensuring the

effectivity of utilized

strategy on secondary

species management.

b) The availability of information for assessing the effect of minor species

species as part of utilized

strategy on secondary

species management.

There are still found small

size non-target species

that are captured during

operation using trammel

net.

Information is not



inch usage on non-target

species during trammel net

operation.


using Risk Based

Framework (RBF)

mechanism for non-target

catch status using trammel

net with mesh size 5 inch

and 1.6 inch.

2.3.1 Yield status of Endangered, Threatened, and Protected (ETP) species

X

PERMEN (Ministerial


about Captured Fisheries

Industry at FMAN RI

(Indonesian Fisheries

Management Area) clause

73.

KEP. DIRJEN (Decree from

General Director of

Ministry) of Natural

Resource and Ecosystem

Conservation department

No: SK. 180/IV-KKH/2015

about Stipulation of 25

priority endangered

animals for increasing the

population up to 10% in

2015 – 2019.

Fisheries unit, obey the local, regional, and international regulation about ETP species protection

a) Effect from fisheries unit in population / stock at national or international scale which is implemented

There is an information about capturing and harvest strategy of ETP species

b) direct effect

c) indirect effect

2.3.2 ETP species management strategy

x PERMEN (Ministerial


about Captured Fisheries

Industry at FMAN RI

(Indonesian Fisheries

Management Area) clause

73.

KEP. DIRJEN (Decree from General Director of Ministry) of Natural Resource and Ecosystem Conservation department No: SK. 180/IV-KKH/2015 about Stipulation of 25 priority endangered animals for increasing the population up to 10% in 2015 – 2019.

Fisheries have prevention

actions for:

-fulfilling the requirement

which is implemented at

national and international

scales.

-ensuring fisheries

activities does not induce a

serious risk or damage

permanently on ETP

species.

-the availability of a specific

management strategy or

system that is established

to maintain or does not

disturb stock recovery

process, and assessed unit

regularly is reviewed and

implemented the

management action, such

as minimalizing the

mortality rate of catch.

a) a management strategy is available (national and international)

There is a regulation

relates to ETP species

management strategy.

Nowadays, Indonesia

conducts a management

strategy includes napoleon

into CITES Appendix II that

ensures harvest strategy

on this species is restricted

by limit quota.

This species quota and

delivery strategy is only

through 2 biggest airports

in Indonesia (Jakarta and

Bali), it is proven to be

minimalized the napoleon

fish harvest strategy.

Communication which is

conducted by Sasanti

Suharti (LIPI (Indonesian

Academy of Sciences) 2013

Pers. Comm.) stated that in

several LIPI monitoring

locations, the amount of

napoleon fish stock was

increasing up to 2 times.

Ministerial Regulation

relates ETP management

strategy possesses a legal

force, therefore it can be

used to force fishers to

obey this regulation.

-

b) a management strategy is available (alternative)

c) management strategy evaluation

d) management strategy implementation

e) reviewing on alternative management action for minimalizing the mortality rate on ETP species

The establishment of KEP.

DIRJEN (Decree from

General Director of

Ministry) of Natural

Resource and Ecosystem

Conservation department,

the ministry of

environment and forestry

is targeted the increasing

population of endangered

animals in 2015 – 2019

which is also including sea

turtle.

2.3.3 Information X

Several information related

are collected for supporting

management strategy of

capturing activity of ETP

species impact, a.l.:

-information supports

management strategy

development;

-information for assessing

management strategy

effectivity; and

information for deciding

ETP species yield status.

a) the availability of information for effect assessment

A qualitative information is

not available for predicting

mortality rate of ETP

species from Prawn

capture practice.

An adequate information is

not available relates to

prawn capture practice on

ETP species.



management strategy of

ETP species.

b) the availability of information for management strategy

2.4.1 Status habitat X (Rusmilyansari, 2012)

Fisheries activities are not

induced a serious danger or

a) Commonly encountered habitat status

According to the available

references, prawn

damaged permanently on

habitat structure based on

regional and bioregional

base and function.

b) VME habitat Status

capturing fisheries using

trammel net have a small

impact on sand and muddy

ecosystem, so trammel net

fisheries can be

categorized into eco-

friendly fisheries.

However, the mesh size

shall be payed attention to,

because it might has an

effect on ecosystem.

c) Minor habitat Status

d) Effect of increasing activities from assessed fisheries

2.4.2 Habitat Management Strategy x UU RI (Indonesian regulation) No. 27 / 2007 about coastal area and small islands.

The strategy is established

for ensuring fisheries

activities does not induced

a serious danger or

damaged permanently on

varieties type of habitat is

available.


a management strategy is available (UU (regulation) No. 27 / 2007) for ensuring the habitat is in good condition


c) management strategy is implemented

d) Obey on other management requirement, in assessed fisheries area and outside of it.

2.4.3 Information X

a) information quality The information relates to

The availability information

for deciding the risk that is

induced by capture

activities on varieties type

of habitat and ensures the

strategy effectivity in

managing effect of those

habitats.

b) the availability information for effect assessing on habitat

prawn habitat in Kotabaru is not yet available

c) monitoring

2.5.1 Ecosystem Status X

The increasing fisheries

activities do not induced a

serious danger or damaged

permanently on main

elements from ecosystem

structure and function.

a) ecosystem status

Information about

ecosystem status in

Kotabaru is not yet

available.



effect of prawn capture

using fishing rod does not

disturb main elements

bases on ecosystem

structure and function in

point where it will induce a

serious danger or cannot

be fixed.

b) Effect on increasing activities occurence

2.5.2 Ecosystem management strategy X PP (Governmental

regulation) No. 60 / 2007

about Fish resource

conservation

There are specific actions

for ensuring that fisheries

activities do not induced a

serious danger or damaged

a) management strategy is available

There is a regulation that

states ecosystem

protection can be

conducted if prawn

capture activities have


c) management strategy implementation

permanently on ecosystem

structure and function.

d) management during the increasing activities

potential disturb the

ecosystem function.

Management strategy

design considers the

importance of

management action that

calculates the capture

activities effect on

ecosystem.

Management action when

it is implemented

correlates to PP

(Governmental


can maintain ecosystem

sustainability.

There are still found prawn

capture activities that is

not yet in a proper size for

using trammel net, so it

will be affected to

ecosystem function.

2.5.3 Ecosystem information / monitoring X

There are adequate informations about impacts of the increasing fisheries activity on ecosystem

a) Information quality The availability of

ecosystem data is not yet

enough to provide

information about trophic

structure and function,

community composition,

b) investigation on fisheries effect relates to ecosystem

c) understanding of function component

d) a relevant information ecosystem biodiversity and

productivity pattern.

The effect of prawn

capture activities on not

yet assessed ecosystem

elements.

Understanding on

ecosystem composition

function is not yet known.

Information relevancy on

ecosystem component and

element is not yet known.

Surveillance is not yet

enough to understand risk

level of fisheries activities

on ecosystem.

e) surveillance

7.3. Principal 3. Fisheries Management Effectivity No Performance

Indicator Assessment Issues Below

(< SG 60) Appropriate (SG 60-80)

Above (> SG 80)

References

3.1.1 Legal framework or other usual used framework for regulation and policy

X UU (regulation) No. 27 /

2007 about coastal area

and small islands

management

PP (Governmental


about fish resource

conservation

UU (regulation) No. 31 /

2004 about fisheries

The existed management

strategy is effective and

suitable with legal

framework or other usual

utilized framework for

ensuring that the

management system is:

- Able to conduct a

sustainable fisheries and

fulfil the requirement

mentioned in Marine

Stewardship Council / MSC

principal 1 and 2.

- obeyed legal rights that is

established explicitly or

induced because the

community habit which is

depend on fisheries sector

(consumption and

income); also

Formulated the right

problem settlement

mechanism.

a) the compability of existed regulation with implemented management

Ministry of Marine affairs

and Fisheries manages the

fisheries possess >30GT

vessel and the capture area

is between 12-200mil.

Operation area up to 4 mil

and using vessel below 5GT

for coral reef fishes

capture is managed by DKP

(Local Fisheries Offices)

Regency. This shall be

considered because there

is not yet available of

management planning for

coral reef fisheries

correlates to UU

(regulation) No. 31 / 2004,

even though nowadays the

coral reef fisheries

management strategy

establishment is on

progress.

b) Case settlement (dispute)

c) appreciation on rights

3.1.2 Consultation, role, and responsibility in Regulation and policy

X

Management system has

an effective consultation

process and is open for

a) role and responsibility

The involved organization

and individual in

management process have

been settled. Function,

b) consultation process

interested and involved

parties.

Job and responsibility

every individual and

organization involved in

management process that

is clear and easy to

understand by involved

parties.

c) participation role, and responsibility

explicitly have defined and

understood for main

sector of responsibility and

interaction.

There is not yet available

information relates to

management system

covers consultation

process that searches and

receives a relevant

information, including

local knowledge.

There is not yet available


consultation process that

provide opportunity for all

involved and affected

parties.

3.1.3 A long-term goal in Regulation and policy X UU (regulation) No. 31 / 2004 about fisheries and revised by UU (regulation) No. 45 / 2009.

The management policy contains a long-term goal that

is clear and consistent with principal and criteria MSC

also correlates to circumspection approach as a

guideline in decision-making process.

The availability of

information and regulation

from government that

regulates the sustainability

of species, ecosystem,

habitat, and long-term

strategic planning to

manage these matters.

3.2.1 Aim of fisheries in specific X

Fisheries has a clear goal which is produced specifically in accomplishing the results relates to principal 1 and 2 MSC.

There is not yet

information about a short-

term and a long-term goal

that is consistent in

accomplishing results

correlates to MSC principal

1 and 2 of prawn fisheries

practices in specific in

Kotabaru sea area and its

surroundings.

3.2.2 Decision- making process X

. Specific fisheries Management system is also involved in effective decision-making process about actions and strategies for accomplishing the goal,

a) decision-making process

There is not yet available of

process mechanism that is

created for decision-

making to establish action

and strategy for

accomplishing specific

fisheries goal.


decision-making process

mechanism that reviews

on serious issues and is

identified in relevant

research, monitoring,

evaluation and

consultation, in right way,

adaptive, transparent, and

considers a wide

implementation.

There is not yet established

of decision-making process

using the circumspection

b) Response on decision-making process

c) circumspection principal implementation

d) accountability and transparency of management mechanism during decision-making process when the dispute is occured

(e) approach during dispute

approach and bases on

best information that is

available.


fisheries performance and

available management

action bases on demand,

and the explanation has

given for every action or

the lack of action relates to

a relevant discovering and

recommendation occurs

from research, monitoring,

and evaluation of the

action.


a management system that

tries to fulfil on time of

court decision that is

occurred from legal

challenge.

3.2.3 The regulation compability and implementaation

X

Monitoring, control, and

surveillance mechanisms

ensure that fisheries

management actions are

conducted and suitable

with the regulation.

a) Monitoring, control, and surveillance (MCS) implementation

There is not yet available of monitoring and surveillance mechanism is established in Kotabaru.

b) sanction

c) obedience

d) disobedience systematic

3.2.4 Monitoring and evaluation of management implementation

X

There is a system to

monitor and evaluate on

specific fisheries

management system

implementation.

The specific fisheries

management system is

discussed effectively and

on time.

a) evaluation scope There is not yet available


fisheries mechanism that

evaluates the important

part of management

system.


specific fisheries

management system that

obeys on internal and

external review which is

conducted regularly.

b) internal and or external review

8. Conclusion and Reccomendation MSC ecolabel certification requires a fishery that will be certified has to fulfil the requirement appropriate to 3

principals; fisheries stock sustainability, minimum impact on ecosystem, and is managed by effective

regulation. The appropriateness assessment for prawn capturing fishers that is conducted in Kotabaru in

general indicates few flaws which is the lack of data such as prawn stock status, and regulation about it also its

fisheries management implementation.

The commitment of WWF with PT. Sekar Laut for conducting resource sustainability activity is already good.

The lack of data that is required occurs fisheries management to be not yet completed, so it is recommended

the capture practices by part-time fishers have to improve in order to accomplish the sustainability standard

include MSC, as the following table below;

No Conclusion Reccomendation 1 The lack of data relate to prawn stock

status in Kotabaru Conducting an assessment relates to prawn stock in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan

2 There are still found the usage of mini trawl during prawn harvesting in Kotabaru

To not buy shrimp caught using trawl (Following up the policy of PERMEN KP No. 2 Year 2015)

3 There is not yet a fishers group that becomes main supplier of PT. Sekar Laut

Establishing a fishers group that becomes main supplier of PT. Sekar Laut

4 Logbook recording of Catch is not yet conducted.

Conducting socialization relates to the logbook, so the fishers can record it.

5 There is not yet a fisheries management at regional level that regulates about a steady harvest quota and a prawn capture sustainability.

Encouraging the local government for releasing a regulation about prawn quota with Harvest Strategy assessment and Harvest Control Rule.

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