Pregnancy and Fetal Nutrition
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Transcript of Pregnancy and Fetal Nutrition
Pregnancy and Pregnancy and Fetal NutritionFetal Nutrition
Placenta DevelopmentPlacenta Development
Develops in early days of pregnancyDevelops in early days of pregnancy Amniotic sac- “bag of water”Amniotic sac- “bag of water” Umbilical cord- route of nourishment and Umbilical cord- route of nourishment and
oxygen oxygen Performs respiratory, absorptive, and Performs respiratory, absorptive, and
excretory functionsexcretory functions
Energy NeedsEnergy Needs
300 extra calories during 2300 extra calories during 2ndnd and 3 and 3rdrd trimestertrimester
More: teenagers, underweight, More: teenagers, underweight, physically activephysically active
Choose healthyChoose healthy
ProteinProtein
10g more daily than RDA10g more daily than RDA Most Americans get more protein than Most Americans get more protein than
neededneeded
Avoid supplementsAvoid supplements
Essential Fatty AcidsEssential Fatty Acids
Omega-3 and omega-6Omega-3 and omega-6 Brain growth, function, and structureBrain growth, function, and structure Include seafood in dietInclude seafood in diet
FolateFolate
Supplements, fortified foods, andSupplements, fortified foods, and FruitsFruits JuicesJuices Green vegetablesGreen vegetables Whole grainsWhole grains
.4 mg daily.4 mg daily Prevents neural tube defects (NTD)Prevents neural tube defects (NTD)
B12B12
Activates folate enzymeActivates folate enzyme MeatMeat FishFish EggsEggs Milk productsMilk products
IronIron
Supports enlarged blood volumeSupports enlarged blood volume Fetus draws from iron stores of mom to Fetus draws from iron stores of mom to
build its own build its own 4-6 months worth4-6 months worth
MeatsMeats Fortified grain productsFortified grain products
Enhancing Iron Enhancing Iron AbsorptionAbsorption
Take supplement during 2Take supplement during 2ndnd and 3 and 3rdrd trimestertrimester
Do not take with milk, coffee or tea Do not take with milk, coffee or tea Inhibits iron absorptionInhibits iron absorption
Take with Vitamin C rich foodsTake with Vitamin C rich foods
ZincZinc
DNA / RNA synthesisDNA / RNA synthesis Protein synthesis, cell developmentProtein synthesis, cell development Dairy products, beans, whole grain Dairy products, beans, whole grain
cerealscereals
Vitamin DVitamin D
Calcium absorptionCalcium absorption Rickets in fetusRickets in fetus Exposure to sunlightExposure to sunlight Vitamin D fortified milkVitamin D fortified milk
CalciumCalcium
Need more than 600 mg dailyNeed more than 600 mg daily MilkMilk Cheese Cheese YogurtYogurt Can take supplementCan take supplement
Nutrient SupplementsNutrient Supplements
Multivitamin recommended Multivitamin recommended High risk groupsHigh risk groups
Multiple fetusesMultiple fetuses Cigarette smokersCigarette smokers Alcohol and drug abusersAlcohol and drug abusers
Help reduce:Help reduce: Preterm delivery, low birth weights, birth Preterm delivery, low birth weights, birth
defectsdefects
Good Eating During Good Eating During PregnancyPregnancy
Milk Group- 3 servingsMilk Group- 3 servings Meat Group- 3 servingsMeat Group- 3 servings Fruit Group- 3 servingsFruit Group- 3 servings Vegetable Group- 4 servingsVegetable Group- 4 servings Bread Group- 9 servingsBread Group- 9 servings Fats, Oils, Sweets- use sparinglyFats, Oils, Sweets- use sparingly
1 Day Menu1 Day Menu
Create a 1 day menu for a pregnant woman Create a 1 day menu for a pregnant woman and follow the serving recommendations and follow the serving recommendations
Your menu must include:Your menu must include: BreakfastBreakfast LunchLunch Afternoon SnackAfternoon Snack DinnerDinner Bedtime SnackBedtime Snack
Be sure to include color illustrationsBe sure to include color illustrations