Word Formation

Root

Root คื�อ รากศัพท์� ส่�วนใหญ่�มาจากรากศัพท์�ในภาษากร�ก (Greek roots) และละติ�น (Latin roots) เป็ นส่�วนท์�!แส่ดงคืวามหมายหลก หร�อคืวามหมายพ�%นฐานของคื(าท์�!ใช้*ส่(าหรบส่ร*างคื(าอ�!นๆ  ติวรากศัพท์�(roots) จะม�คืวามหมายติรงกว�าส่�วนป็ระกอบอ�!นๆของคื(า และเป็ นติวช้�%แนะท์�!ส่(าคืญ่ติ�อคืวามหมายของคื(าศัพท์�

ตั�วอย่�าง Root phone like happy stop

Etc

Prefix

คื�อหน�วยเติ�มหน*ารากศัพท์� เพ�!อเป็ล�!ยนหร�อเพ�!มคืวามหมายจากรากศัพท์�น%นๆ

เช้�น phone telephone like dislike happy unhappy stop nonstop

Can be classified into several categories Prefixes for 'partly, half & middle' semi- semifinal, half- halfback, halfway mid midterm, midday

Prefix for 'alone& with' self self-service, self-willed co cooperation, co-host multi multifunction, multicultural poly polytechnic inter international, internet

Prefixes for 'Opposites / not' un - unhappy, unnecessary, unclear in incomplete, incapable, incredible im immoral, impossible, immortal dis discontinue, dishonest, dislike, disable ir irregular, irrational, irrelevant de deactivate, deforest, decrease mis misunderstand, misspell, misprint non nonprofit, nonsense, nonstop

Prefixes for 'Too much/little & more' over overdue, overact, overheat, overload under underarm, underneath, underscore extra extraordinary, extra constitutional out output, outbound, outcast

Prefixes for 'Very large/small' macro macroeconomic micro microphone, microbus, microchip

Prefixes for 'For, Against & Again' anti antibiotic, antioxidant, antivirus counter counterclockwise, counterattack, re reuse, rearrange, rewrite, replay

Prefixes for 'Before & After' pre pretest, predict, prefix, preview ex ex-wife, ex-prime minister, post postwar, postscript, postproduction

Prefix for '2 & badly' bi- bicycle, bilingual, bisexual mal malfunction, malware, maladjusted tri tricycle, tricolor

Suffix

หน�วยเติ�มหลงคื(า ใช้*เติ�มท์*ายคื(าหร�อรากศัพท์� ซึ่/!งเม�!อน(ามาเติ�มหลงคื(าหร�อรากศัพท์�แล*ว จะท์(าให*หน*าท์�!ของคื(า (parts of speech) เป็ล�!ยนไป็

Suffix

Suffixes for Nouns ~ment commitment ~er player, runner ~ness kindness ~age shortage ~sion commission ~tion suggestion ~ism Buddhism

~ance importance ~hood childhood, motherhood ~ship relationship, friendship ~dom freedom, boredom ~ght strength, height

~ty anxiety, variety, ~ity community, society ~ant servant, informant

Suffixes for Adjectives ~ful beautiful, hopeful, careful ~ive active, exclusive ~ic dynamic, workaholic ~al normal, formal ~able readable, touchable ~ous famous, dangerous ~ish yellowish, whitish

Suffixes for Verbs ~ize realize, criticize ~ise actualise, advertise ~ate communicate, negotiate ~en sharpen, strengthen ~ify purify, identify

Suffixes for Adverbs ~ly shortly, fastly ~ily angrily, busily ~ely proactively, entirely ~ingly accordingly, lovingly

Suffixes for Professions & people ~er player, farmer ~ess (female) waitress, actress ~or visitor ~ian musician ~ist receptionist, typist ~ic mechanic ~ee employee

Add these suffixes to change meaning of the word.

- ful hopeful, meaningful, beautiful - less hopeless, stainless, wireless,

sleepless- able readable, changeable, washable

downloadable,-