It is the final touches placed on a wall that ‘finishes’ the wall with an acceptable visual look.The finish to a wall can range from simple paint to expensive wallpaper to elaborate work.

WALL FINISHING

TYPES OF WALL

FINISHES

Plastering and painting

Cladding

Motifs

Fabric Wall Finish

Gypsum Finish

Paneling

Mural

Wallpapers

PAINTS

COMPOSITION OF PAINT: PIGMENTS: They are colorants which give colour to the paint , it comprises of lightfast minerals, colors, texturing materials.

VEHICHLE: It is the liquid component of paint.

DRYERS: They accelerate the process of drying.

BINDER: It binds and holds the pigment to the surface. The basic description of a paint comes from the binder it contains.

EMULSIFIRES: They are necessary adjuncts to the water in emulsion paints.

SOLVENT: Non volatile

ADDITIVES: They are chemicals which give special properties to paint, such as, resistance to fungus, rust etc.

DRY DISTEMPER OR WATER BOUND DISTEMPERCement plastered walls and ceiling

WHITE WASHCement plastered walls and ceiling

OIL BOUND DISTEMPERCement plastered wall and ceiling

PLASTIC OR ACRYLIC EMULSION PAINTCement plastered wall and ceiling

TYPE OF PAINTS

SYNTHETIC ENAMEL PAINTOn metals , wood(can also be done on walls and ceiling)

TEXTURED WALL FINISHOn exterior and interior wall surfaces.

EPOXY PAINTSUsed as protective coating where lot of chemical resistance, hardness, adhesion.

FLAT OIL PAINTSOn metal, wood and walls (it is like enamel paint only but with less glazing)

PAINTING PROCESSSANDING/SURFACE PREPARATIONTo clean the surface and make it as smooth as possible.

APPLY FIRST PRIMER COATTo provide adhesion between paint film and surface.

APPLICATION OF PUTTYTo fill cracks/surface imperfection.

APPLYING SECOND COAT PRIMER COATTo sandwich putty between primer coat since painting directly on putty.

APPLY PAINT/FINISH (2-3 COATS)For the final smooth surface.

STANDARD COMPANIES OF PAINTS

ICI Dulux

Berger

Asian Paints

Nerolac

The paints used for interior purposes are:

DULUX – velvet touch 7 years life costs rs.320\lit covers 180 sq.m. in 1litre

3 in 1 5 years life costs Rs. 250\lit covers 160 sq.m. in 1litre - light n space 3 years life costs Rs. 230\lit covers 120 sq.m. in 1lit - dulux acrylic emulsion 3 years life costs Rs. 180\lit

covers 100 sq.m. in 1litre

- super coat interior emulsion 2 years life costs Rs. 110\lit covers 80 sq.m. in 1litre

•ASIAN PAINTS –

Royal touch 7 years lifecosts Rs. 300/litcovers 170 sq.m. in I litre

Asian Premier Emulsion

3 years lifecosts Rs. 180/litcovers 100 sq.m. in 1 litre

Asian Tractor Emulsion

2 years lifecosts Rs. 110/lit covers 80 sq.m. in 1 lit

BERGER - Luxol silk

7 years life costs Rs. 310/lit

covers 160 sq.m. in 1 lit

Bison Emulsion2 years lifecosts Rs.110/litcovers 90 sq.m. in 1 lit

Rangoli 3 years life

costs Rs. 180/litcovers 120 sq.m. in 1 lit

CLADDING AS WALL FINISHES

•The outer and inner wall is covered with different type of building material like stone, brick tile, aluminum sheet and timber, etc.• This is done mainly for aesthetic and also to protect building from weathering effect. It provides strength to wall.• It transform a plain, uninspiring wall into a stunning feature wall, providing the simple yet defined geometry of a traditional stacked wall.

CLADDING

DIFFERENT STONES USED IN CLADDING

WALLPAPERS AS WALL FINISHES

LAYING OF WALLPAPERS

If you're hanging wallpaper on new drywall, prime the wall first

with wallpaper primer to seal the drywall and help the paper

adhere to the wall.

Wash any dirt or dust from the old walls and sand smooth any chipped paint. Remove old wallpaper using wallpaper remover, a wide blade,

and rags.

Remove electrical outlet and light switch covers.

Use a putty knife to apply spackle over holes or cracks.

Allow the spackle to dry, then sand lightly until the surface is

smooth.

CUTTING AND GLUING

The first strip of wallpaper will line up with the last strip of wallpaper you hang and the pattern should

match up at that place.

Cut the strips of the roll according to the match pattern.

Apply pre-mixed paste using a large pasting brush or paint roller,

working from the middle to the ends.

Gently fold the top of the sheet down to the middle so that the

pasted sides touch. Next, fold the bottom edge up to the middle. This allows the paste to cure and keep it

from drying out.

HANGING AND TRIMMING

Starting at the ceiling, carefully unfold the top half of first piece

of the wallpaper and gently place the side edge of the strip

along the measured line.

When the strip is in the right position, drop down the bottom half and gently smooth the paper against the wall with your hands, beginning at one edge and

working your way across. Use a smoothing brush or damp sponge to smooth out any

air bubbles.

Use a wide-blade putty knife to hold down the top of the wallpaper strip at the ceiling. Use the utility knife or straight-edge razor

to trim the excess wallpaper.

Wipe the strip of wallpaper with a clean, damp sponge to remove

any paste and remaining air bubbles.

PANELLING

Panelling is a wall covering constructed from rigid or semi-rigid components. These are traditionally interlocking wood, but could be plastic or other materials.

Panelling was developed in antiquity to make rooms in stone buildings more comfortable. The panels served to insulate the room from the cold stone. In more modern buildings, such panelling is often installed for decorative purposes.

CASTING OF PANELS

PROCEDURE

OF

PANELLING

When applying sheet or board panels over a finished wood-frame wall, you may be able to attach the material through the wallboard or plaster to the wall studs.

Before installation, cut each sheet 1/4 inch shorter than the distance from the floor to the ceiling. Apply adhesive to the framing in wavy lines. Drive four finishing nails through the top edge of the panel.

Position the panel on the wall, leaving a 1/4-inch space at the bottom, and drive the four nails partway into the wall. Pull the bottom edge of the panel about 6 inches from the wall and push a block behind the sheet.

PANELING

Position the first panel at one corner of the room, but do not apply panel adhesive yet. Check the inside edge of the panel with a level to make sure it is plumb.

Attach the panel to the wall, placing nails in the dark grooves where they’re least likely to be visible. Stop hammering before the nailhead reaches the surface, and set the head flush with a nailset.

Nail the entire piece of paneling to the wall. Use special panel nails and make sure they are long enough to penetrate the paneling and the sheetrock or plaster. Short nails are available for paneling that is directly applied to the wood frame. Nail to each stud going from bottom to top and then proceed to the next framing member.

OTHER FINISHES

MURAL WORK

MOTIF WORK

FABRIC WORK

GYPSUM WORK

MURAL PAINTING

Mural is a painting done on any permanent surface.

GROUP MEMBERS

BUSHRA RAZA (G.L)

ARCHI AGARWAL

DIPINTI KAPOOR

KAUMUDI ROY

NIDA QADIR

UPASANA MANGLA