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THE GREAT WAR :

Industrialization of War

Machine Guns

• Fired automatically –could shoot hundreds of rounds of ammunition a minute

• Protected battle lines from enemy rushes

Machine Guns

Barbed Wire

• Protected gunners and trench lines infantry attacks and rushes from enemy soldiers

• Could not be defeated by heavy artillery, but would later be defeated by tanks

Heavy Artillery

• Large, heavy, cannon-like weaponry

• Needed railways for transport

• Expensive

• Accurate, long-range weapons – could fire shells over 12 miles

Heavy Artillery

Chemical Warfare: Gas

• Deadly chlorine gas

and later mustard gas

became lethal killers

as they were

unleashed upon

opposing armies

• Gas masks became standard issue

• Physically deadly and psychologically harmful

• First use of chemical warfare

Chemical Warfare: Gas

Submarines

• German U-Boats particularly effective due to speed and stealth

• Operated primarily on the surface, then submerged to attack

• More than 5,000 Allied ships were sunk by German U-Boats

Submarines

Communication Devices

• Messages were communicated through:

– Telephone and radio

– Flashing mirrors

– Flashing lights

– Motorcycles





– Flashing lights

– Motorcycles

– Courier pigeons





– Flashing lights

– Motorcycles

– Courier pigeons

– Human runners

– Dog messengers

Aircraft• Airplanes first used

for reconnaissancemissions (surveyingenemy territory and activity).

• Near the end of thewar, airplanes were used to shoot and drop bombs.

Aircraft

Aircraft

• Zeppelins were introduced by the Germans

• Used for reconnaissance, to carry heavy equipment. and to bomb and shoot down enemies.

• Germans killed over 500 British in bombing raids

Aircraft

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