Submitted by : GROUP ABhanu Yadav , Anvesha Rathi , Vani Gaur , Diksha Yadav ,Amandeep Kaur , Aanchal ChaurasiyaClass : IXDate submitted : 12th January , 2016

Poverty FA – 4 Activity

What is poverty ? Causes & Types of poverty. Effects of poverty . Global Poverty Scenario. Indian Poverty Trends (Since 1973). Poverty estimation methods in India. Top 10 poorest countries. How to tackle with poverty ? Poverty and The United Nations.

Contents :

What is Poverty ?Poverty is general scarcity, dearth, or the state

of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. It is a multifaceted concept, which includes social, economic, and political elements.

The World Bank defines poverty in absolute terms as living on less than US$1.25 per day and moderate poverty as less than $2 a day. It has been estimated that in 2008, 1.4 billion people had consumption levels below US$1.25 a day and 2.7 billion lived on less than $2 a day.

Poverty : A vicious Evil

Causes of poverty :

Absolute poverty : It is the extreme kind of poverty involving the chronic lack of basic food, clean water, health and housing. People struggle to live and a lot of child deaths are common .This type is usually long term in nature, and often passed on by generations before. This kind of poverty is usually not common in the developed world.

Relative poverty: This kind is usually in relation to other members and families in the society. For example, a family can be considered poor if it cannot -afford vacations, or buy presents for children , or send its young to university. Even though it has access to government support for daily life essentials, they are considered poor because the rest of the community has access to superior services and amenities.

Situational poverty: People or families can be poor because of some adversities like earthquakes, floods or a serious illness. Sometimes, people can help themselves out with quick aid.

Types of poverty :

Effects of poverty :

Global Poverty Scenario : The proportion of people in developing countries living on less than $1 per day has fallen from 28 per cent in 1990 to 21 per cent in 2001. There has been a substantial reduction in global poverty since the nineteen eighties. However, the reduction in poverty is marked with great regional differences.

Poverty Trends in India (Since 1973)

Poverty Estimation Methods in India(I):

Poverty estimation methods in India(II):

Tendulkar committee C. Rangrajan committee

Poverty Estimation Methods in India(III)

Tendulkar committee C. Rangrajan committee

Rank

Country Name %age of population below $1.25 a day (PPP)

Total Population

1 Dem. Rep. of Congo

88% 6.39 Million

2 Madagascar 88% 21.7 Million3 Liberia 84% 4.08 Million4 Burundi 81% 9.34 Million5 Zambia 74% 13.6 Million6 Malawi 71% 15.5 Million7 Rwanda 63% 11.1 Million8 Central African

Rep.63% 4.44 Million

9 Nigeria 62% 164.2 Million10 Haiti 62% 10 Million

Top 10 Poorest countries:

Poverty cannot be completely eradicated, as it largely caused by human factors. Over the past years there has been a lot of Poverty Alleviation Programs designed to break the cycle of poverty in many households and communities in the world. The result is remarkable, but there is still a lot to be done.

Poverty alleviation involves the strategic use of tools such as education, economic development, health and income redistribution to improve the livelihoods of the worlds poorest by governments and internationally approved organizations. They also aim at removing social and legal barriers to income growth among the poor

How to tackle poverty

Indian Govt.’s current strategy is based on two broad planks – (a) Promotion of economic growth

(b) Poverty Alleviation Programmes.The govt. has started various programmes for

this purpose :Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana(1993)Rural Employment Generation

Programme(1995)Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana(1999)Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana(2000)Antyodaya Anna Yojana (2000)National Rural Employment Act(2005)National Food For Work Programme (2004)

Steps taken by Indian Govt. to tackle Poverty

Poverty And The United Nations:

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