Pollution of Surface and Groundwater - ICPDR · 2015. 7. 8. · • The ICPDR has identified three...
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Voice of the Danube Stakeholder Consultaon Workshop, 2-3 July 2015 Organic, Nutrient and Hazardous Substances Pollution of Surface and Groundwater Highlights: • The ICPDR has idenfied three polluon related significant water management issues, the organic, nutrient and hazardous substances polluon of surface waters. For each of these issues detailed pressure assessments have been carried out and programs of measures have been elaborated in the DRBMP – Update 2015. • Organic polluon can disrupt the dissolved oxygen balance of surface water bodies. It stems from urban sewage collecng and treatment systems and industrial dischargers having no or insufficient waste water treatment. Control of organic polluon needs to put in place appropriate (at least biological) treatment and/or Best Available Techniques. • Nutrient polluon might trigger eutrophicaon in lakes, reservoirs and coastal areas and might hamper the use of water resources (e.g. for drinking water supply). Nutrients are emied either directly from point sources or via several diffuse pathways parcularly from arable and grassland and urban areas. Management of nutrient polluon requires appropriate sewage collecon, stringent waste water treatment, applicaon of nutrient free products (e.g. detergents) and best environmental pracces to be implemented in agriculture. • Hazardous substances polluon might have acute or chronic toxicity on living organism. Both, the point and diffuse sources can contribute to the hazardous contaminaon. Phasing out hazardous substances from the market products, enhanced treatment and industrial technologies, appropriate pracces for safe applicaon and runoff control can help capturing this polluon. • Groundwater polluon is addressed by the ICPDR for 11 transboundary groundwater bodies of basin-wide importance. The overall assessment of significant pressures on the chemical status idenfied the nitrate polluon from diffuse sources as the key factor to be addressed. • Danube countries have made significant efforts to reduce organic, nutrient and hazardous substances polluon of the surface and ground water bodies in the DRB by implemenng respecve measures. However, further acons are needed in the next management cycle in terms of both, measures implementaon (e.g. improvement of waste water infrastructure in the new EU MS and non- EU MS, beer implementaon of good agricultural pracces and agri-environmental measures) and reducing knowledge gaps on emissions and their impacts (e.g. more informaon on sources and fate of hazardous substances, beer understanding of Black Sea ecosystem responses to Danube nutrient loads).
Transcript of Pollution of Surface and Groundwater - ICPDR · 2015. 7. 8. · • The ICPDR has identified three...
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Organic, Nutrient and Hazardous Substances Pollution of Surface and Groundwater
Highlights:
• TheICPDRhasidentifiedthreepollutionrelatedsignificantwatermanagementissues,theorganic,nutrientandhazardoussubstancespollutionofsurfacewaters.ForeachoftheseissuesdetailedpressureassessmentshavebeencarriedoutandprogramsofmeasureshavebeenelaboratedintheDRBMP–Update2015.
• Organicpollutioncandisruptthedissolvedoxygenbalanceofsurfacewaterbodies.Itstemsfromurbansewagecollectingandtreatmentsystemsandindustrialdischargershavingnoorinsufficientwastewatertreatment.Controloforganicpollutionneedstoputinplaceappropriate(atleastbiological)treatmentand/orBestAvailableTechniques.
• Nutrientpollutionmighttriggereutrophicationinlakes,reservoirsandcoastalareasandmighthampertheuseofwaterresources(e.g.fordrinkingwatersupply).Nutrientsareemittedeitherdirectlyfrompointsourcesorviaseveraldiffusepathwaysparticularlyfromarableandgrasslandandurbanareas.Managementofnutrientpollutionrequiresappropriatesewagecollection,stringentwastewatertreatment,applicationofnutrientfreeproducts(e.g.detergents)andbestenvironmentalpracticestobeimplementedinagriculture.
• Hazardoussubstancespollutionmighthaveacuteorchronictoxicityonlivingorganism.Both,thepointanddiffusesourcescancontributetothehazardouscontamination.Phasingouthazardoussubstancesfromthemarketproducts,enhancedtreatmentandindustrialtechnologies,appropriatepracticesforsafeapplicationandrunoffcontrolcanhelpcapturingthispollution.
• GroundwaterpollutionisaddressedbytheICPDRfor11transboundarygroundwaterbodiesofbasin-wideimportance.Theoverallassessmentofsignificantpressuresonthechemicalstatusidentifiedthenitratepollutionfromdiffusesourcesasthekeyfactortobeaddressed.
• Danubecountrieshavemadesignificanteffortstoreduceorganic,nutrientandhazardoussubstancespollutionofthesurfaceandgroundwaterbodiesintheDRBbyimplementingrespectivemeasures.However,furtheractionsareneededinthenextmanagementcycleintermsofboth,measuresimplementation(e.g.improvementofwastewaterinfrastructureinthenewEUMSandnon-EUMS,betterimplementationofgoodagriculturalpracticesandagri-environmentalmeasures)andreducingknowledgegapsonemissionsandtheirimpacts(e.g.moreinformationonsourcesandfateofhazardoussubstances,betterunderstandingofBlackSeaecosystemresponsestoDanubenutrientloads).
Voice of the Danube
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Organic, Nutrient and Hazardous Substances Pollution of Surface and Groundwater
Questions:
1. WhatarenewchallengesthatneedtobeaddressedintheRBMPandthatwerenotsufficientlycoveredinthepreviousplanningdocuments?
2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedandrevisedintheRBMPbecausethepressureswerenotaddressedsufficiently?
3. Whicharethenationalprioritiesofthefuturedevelopmentofwastewatersectorinthecountries?HowtheseprioritiescorrelatewithDanubeRBMPvision?
4. Howcanitbeensuredthatagriculturalmeasuresarecost-effectiveandfarmersarewillingtoimplementthem?
5. Whicharethemostimportantstepstobetakentocloseknowledgegapsrelatedtohazardoussubstancespollution?
Hydromorphological Alterations & Integration Issues (Flood risk management, Hydropower, Navigation, Agriculture)
Questions:
1. WhatarenewchallengeswhicharenotyetsufficientlycoveredinthedraftDRBMPlan–Update2015?
2. Whichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedand/orsupplementedinthedraftDRBMPlan–Update2015becausethepressureswerenotyetsufficientlyaddressed?
3. Whichspecificmeasureswouldyousuggesttofurtherenhancethecooperationandcoordinationwithrelevantsectorslikefloodriskmanagement,navigationorhydropower,forthesustainablemanagementoftheDanubebasin’swaters?
4. Doyouseeaneedtofurtherharmonizeactivities,assessmentsandmeasuresonthebasin-widelevel?
5. Doyouhavesuggestionsforaccompanyingactionsprovidingfurthersupportfortheimplementationofmeasures,likeforinstancefinancialincentives,regulatorymeasures,advisoryservices,etc.?
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Hydromorphological Alterations & Integration Issues (Flood risk management, Hydropower, Navigation, Agriculture)
Highlights:
• Themodificationandutilizationofriversduetofloodriskmanagement,hydropoweruse,navigationpurposesoragriculture,hasledtosignificanthydromorphologicalalterationsimpactingecologicalstatus.Keypressuresincludethedisruptionoflongitudinalecologicalcontinuity,alterationofrivermorphologyandhabitats,hydrologicalalterationslikeimpoundments,abstractionsandhydropeaking,orthedisconnectionofadjacentwetlandsandfloodplains.
• Duetothehighnumberofpressuresrestorationmeasuresaregraduallyimplementedandprioritized.2009-2015measuresweresuccessfullyimplementedwithregardto
- Restorationofrivercontinuityandconstructionofmorethan100fishmigrationaids,- Reconnectionandhydrologicalimprovementofmorethan50,000haofwetlandsand
floodplains,and- Restorationofecologicalflows,measuresatimpoundmentsoraddressinghydropeakingin
dozensofcases.
• Furthereffortsaretakenandmeasuresareplannedtobeimplementeduntil2021tofurtherimprovefishmigration,restorerivermorphology,reconnectwetlandsandfloodplainsortoaddresshydrologicalalterations.
• Inter-sectoralcooperationiskeytoensurethesustainabilityoffutureinfrastructureprojectsandtominimizeimpactsonwaterstatus.Cooperationmechanismsinvolve:
- TheintegrationofplanningprocessesoftheWFDandFloodsDirective;- Furtherensuringtheexchangebetweenthenavigationandenvironmentalsectorsinthe
frameoftheJointStatementprocess;- FacilitatingthepracticalapplicationoftheGuidingPrinciplesonSustainableHydropower
DevelopmentintheDanubebasinatnationallevel;- Involvementofeconomicsectorsandstakeholders(agriculture,transport,nature
protection,spatialplanning,industry)inbothplanningandimplementationofRBMPsandFRMPs.
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Objectives and measures of Flood Risk Management Plans
Highlights:
• Floodsarenaturalphenomenaandappearduetotheclimaticcircumstancesofthewholeriverbasin.ThemostimportantprincipleintheICPDRDanubeFloodRiskManagementPlan(DFRMP)isthesolidarityprinciple,whichguaranteesforthedownstreamlocatedregionsdonotsufferfrommeasuresthatwereadoptedintheupstreampartofthewatershed.
• In2004,ICPDRhasadoptedActionProgrammeonSustainableFloodProtectionintheDanubeRiverBasin,beingimplementedinthreephases:aPreliminaryAssessmentofFloodRiskAssessment(2011),DevelopmentofFloodHazardMapsandRiskMaps(2013)andFloodRiskManagementPlans(2015).
• IntegrationbetweentheWFDandFRMDofferstheopportunitytooptimizethemutualsynergiesandminimizeconflictsbetweenthesetwolegalandplanninginstruments.
• Opportunitiesincluderiverandfloodplainrestoration,newretentionanddetentioncapacities.Thesemeasuresshouldcomplementtechnicalfloodprotectionmeasures.Regulationofspatialandlanduseplanning,preventionofaccidentalpollutionhavetobeconsidered.
Voice of the Danube
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Objectives and measures of Flood Risk Management Plans
Questions:
1. WhatarechallengesthatneedtobeaddressedintheFRMPattheinternationallevelandnationallevel?
2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedintheFRMP(andintegratethemintoRBMP)?
3. AreyousatisfiedwiththeharmonizeddevelopmentoftheFRMDandWFDplanningdocuments?
4. DoyouconsidertheICPDRFRMPsatisfactory?(e.g.sufficientinternationalandnationalinformation,doyouseegapsthatshouldbecovered)
5. Doyourecommendgoodpracticesthatshouldbehighlightedinthedocument?
Support to implement both plans, Financing of the measures
Questions:
1. Whatarenewchallenges(regardingfinancing)thatneedtobeaddressedintheDanubeFloodRiskManagementPlan(DFRMP)andDanubeRiverBasinManagementPlan(DRBMPUpdate2015)andthatwerenotsufficientlycoveredinthepreviousplanningdocuments?
2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedandrevisedintheDFRMPandintheDRBMP(Update2015)becausethepressureswerenotaddressedsufficiently?
3. WhatfundingopportunitiespresentedintheDRBMPdoyouconsidertobethemostimportantones?
4. Whatsupportiveactionsatthebasin-widelevelwouldyousuggestfortheimplementationofbothplans(fortheDFRMP,alistoftransboundaryprojectsisbeingcurrentlypreparedforsupportingtheDFRMPwhichreflecttheobjectivesandprioritiessetintheDFRMP,haveatransboundarycharacterandhelptoimplementtheneedslisted–seeAnnex2)?Howshouldthesemeasuresbefinanced?
5. Doyouhaveadditionalideasforapproacheswhichareinsupportofthefinancingandimplementationofthemeasures(e.g.applicationofeconomicinstruments)?
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Support to implement both plans, Financing of the measures
• ImplementationofconcretemeasuresinbothplansarenationalresponsibilitywithasupportofvariousEuropean(structural/cohesionfunds,CAP,LIFEetc.)andinternationalfundingpossibilities.AvarietyoffundingInstrumentsareavailableforthefinancingofmeasuresforthisplanningcycle(seechapter8.5andinmoredetailAnnex15oftheDRBMPlan).
• Considerableeffortshavebeenmade/investmentsdoneinthepreviousyears,esp.inthefieldofurbanandindustrialwastewatercollectionandtreatment(seeAnnex10oftheDRBMPlan).Forexample,outoftheapprox.2187agglomerationsintheDanubebasinforwhichWWTPswillbeconstructed,upgradedorextendedasindicatedin1stDRBMPlan(atacostofapprox.7,4BillionEuros),40%ofthemeasureshavebeencompleted,whileanother48%areintheplanningorconstructionphase.Also,anumberofDanubecountriesandtherelevantsectorshavetakenmeasuresinthepreviousyearsregardingimprovementsofhydromorphology(rivercontinuity,fishmigration/fishpassesetc.)andplanfurtheronesinthefuture(seeAnnex12oftheDRBMPlan).
• Atawide-Danubebasinlevel,theDRBMPlanincludesa“JointProgrammeofMeasures”inchapter8containingmeasuresofbasin-wideimportancerelatedtothe“SignificantWaterManagementIssues”attheDanubelevel.ThegenerallistofmeasuresstipulatedinJPMshouldbeprioritizedinthenationalplans.
• TheDFRMPinchapter5(andAnnex2)presentsthestrategiclevelmeasuresreflectingtheactivitiesontheleveloftheinternationalriverbasindistrict(includingmeasureswithtransboundaryeffectandmeasuresapplicableinmorecountriesofthebasinsuchasawarenessrising,warningsystemsoriceprotectionmeasures).
Voice of the Danube
Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Communication and Public Participation
Highlights:
• EUWaterFrameworkDirective(Article14)confersageneralobligation“to encourage the active involvement of all interested parties in the implementation of the Directive”…PublicconsultationsfacilitatedbyICPDRandthebasin-widelevelpursuetheparticipationthrough(1)theinvolvementofobserverorganizationsand(2)specificactivitiesdedicatedtopublicparticipationandinformation(DanubeDay,DanubeBox,DanubeWatch,DanubeArtMaster,BusinessFriendsofDanube,etc.).Animportantformofstakeholderinvolvementisanonlineaccesstoallplanningdocumentsineverystageoftheirdevelopment.ICPDRorganizesapublicconsultationworkshopforallDanubecountries.
• EUFloodRiskManagementDirective(Article10)requiresapublicaccesstothepreliminaryfloodriskassessment,thefloodhazardmaps,thefloodriskmapsandthefloodriskmanagementplans.
• At ICPDR, raising awarenessandinformingwiderstakeholdergroupsgoesfarbeyondthelegalobligations.Someactionsinclude:Press-releases,publishingarticlesonICPDR’swebsite,DanubeWatch,partners’websitesandothermedia;socialmediacampaign,targetmailingtostakeholdergroups;includinglinksonICPDR’swebsitetonationalactivitiesandwebsites,includerelevantstatementsinfactsheetsandothertechnicalreports,dedicatedawarenessraisingprojectsforyouthetc.(Online-Game),sharingofvideo-content,runningwater-competitionsetc.
Voice of the DanubeStakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015
Communication and Public Participation Questions:
1. Whataretheobjectivesandchallengesofpublicparticipationandcommunicationatinternationallevel?Whatarewetryingtoachieve?Isthereaneedforamechanismtoevaluatehowtheseobjectivesweremet?
2. WhatarethemostimportanttargetaudiencesforthedevelopmentofDRBMPUpdate2015and1stFRMP?Whatarethemostimportanttargetaudiencesforcommunicationandpublicinformationeffortsduringtheimplementationoftheplans(2015to2021)?
3. ThereisalotofdiversityintheDRB:ononehandahorizontaldiversityamongDRBcountries;ontheotherhandaverticaldiversitywithdifferentresponsibilitiesatlocal,national,andtransboundarylevel.Isthisaddressedinthemanagementplansinanappropriatemanner?
4. Whatcommunicationsmeasuresareplannedforthein-betweenperiod2015–2021?Whicharemissing?
5. Whoarethekey-actorsofPPandcommunicationactivitiesforbothplansonthenationalandinternationallevelandhowdotheyinteract?Whatshouldbeimprovedandhow?
