Poetic Terminology Review of grade 9 and 10. There are several aspects of poetry that make it...
-
Upload
rosemary-pierce -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Poetic Terminology Review of grade 9 and 10. There are several aspects of poetry that make it...
Poetic Terminology
Review of grade 9 and 10
There are several aspects of poetry that make it unique. Some of these include: 1- Repetition 2- Rhyme Scheme 3- Rhythm 4- Style 5- Theme 6- Tone 7- Diction 8- Other literary devices
Please view PP to find definitions.
1- Repetitions
repeating a word or a phrase in a poem to
give that word or phrase extra meaning or
emphasis. And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep. Robert Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
Because I do not hope to turn againBecause I do not hopeBecause I do not hope to turn....
T.S. Eliot, Ash Wednesday
2- Rhyme Scheme
be similar in sound, especially with respect to
the last syllable. Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,
Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.All the King's horses, And all the King's menCouldn't put Humpty together again!
3- Rhythm
the arrangement of spoken words alternating
stressed and unstressed elements.
When IN / dis GRACE / with FOR / tune AND /
men’s EYES
I ALL / a LONE / be WEEP / my OUT/ cast STATE William Shakespeare, Sonnet 29
4- Style
the way in which a poem is written. It includes
the length of meters, number of stanzas,
subject matter, rhyming technique, rhythm etc.
Haiku: A three-line poem in any language, with five
syllables in the first and last lines and seven
syllables in the second, usually with an emphasis on
the season or a naturalistic theme. Haiku, a poem
five beats, then seven, then five ends as it began.
5- Theme
a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in
literary work. The controlling message or idea
of a poem. It may be suggested by a title or
repetition, but it is almost never explicitly
stated.
A theme in Wordsworth’s poems are
innocence and the loss of innocence.
6- Tone
the mood a poem creates within the reader. Much of the
tone depends on the interpretation of the poem. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and
weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.`'Tis some visitor,' I muttered, `tapping at my chamber door -Only this, and nothing more.‘
Edgar Allan Poe, The Raven
7- Diction
the manner in which something is expressed in words. I have eaten
the plums that were in the icebox
and which you were probably saving for breakfast
Forgive me they were delicious so sweet and so cold
William Carlos Williams, This is Just to Say
8- Literary Devices The following slides are a list of common
literary devices.
Alliteration
use of the same initial sound at the beginning
of each stressed syllable in a line of verse.
Around the rock the ragged rascal ran.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
Sally sells seashells by the seashore.
How much wood can a woodchuck chuck if a
woodchuck could chuck wood?
Allusion
is a figure of speech that makes a reference to, or representation of a place,
event, literary work, myth, or work of art, either directly or by implication.
M.H. Abrams defined allusion as “a brief reference, explicit or indirect, to a
person, place or event, or to another literary work or passage”.
It is left to the reader or hearer to make the connection where the
connection is detailed in depth by the author, it is preferable to call it “a
reference”
April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing /
Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain.
The Wasteland, T.S. Eliot
Hyperbole
extreme exaggeration or overstatement;
especially as a literary or rhetorical device;
deliberate exaggeration.
I could eat a horse.
I have a million things to do today.
Imagery
an iconic, mental representation. Let us go then, you and I,
When the evening is spread out against the sky Like a patient etherized upon a table; Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets, The muttering retreats Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells.
T.S. Eliot, The Love Song of Alfred J. Prufrock
Irony
a figure of speech referring to a difference
between the way something appears and what
is actually true. It allows us to say something
but to mean something else, whether we are
being sarcastic, exaggerating, or understating. Water, water, every where,
And all the boards did shrink;Water, water, every where,Nor any drop to drink.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Metaphor
a figure of speech in which an expression is
used to refer to something that it does not
literally denote in order to suggest a similarity.
Time is flying/running out/money.
Onomatopoeia
using words that imitate the sound they
denote.
Pow, bam, kerplunk, splash
Oxymoron conjoining contradictory terms; a paradox. Deafening silence Virtual reality Definitely maybe
Personification
the act of attributing human characteristics to
abstract
ideas, etc. I am silver and exact. I have no
preconceptions.Whatever I see, I swallow immediately.Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislikeI am not cruel, only truthful –
Sylvia Plath, Mirror
Pun
an expression that uses a homonym (two different
words spelled identically) to deliver two or more
meanings at the same time. (it’s usually pretty punny)
I'm reading a book about anti-gravity. It's impossible
to put down.
I wondered why the baseball was getting bigger. Then
it hit me.
The psychotic florist created many flower
derangements.
Simile
a figure of speech that expresses a
resemblance between things of different
kinds. (usually formed with `like' or `as')
As pretty as a picture, as red as a rose, quiet
as a mouse
Symbol
something visible that by association or
convention represents something else that is
invisible. Some symbols are widespread others
are more fluid and change along with society. Pumpkin representing Hallowe’en Black indicating a sad, dark, morose feeling Dove representing purity and peace Lamb representing innocence and sacrifice
One last piece of info… Found on next slide
Stanza A subdivision of a poem consisting of lines grouped together, often in
recurring patterns of rhyme, line length, and meter. Stanzas may also
serve as units of thought in a poem much like paragraphs in prose.
"WHY, William, on that old grey stone,
Thus for the length of half a day,
Why, William, sit you thus alone,
And dream your time away?
"Where are your books?--that light bequeathed
To Beings else forlorn and blind!
Up! up! and drink the spirit breathed
From dead men to their kind. William Wordsworth, Expostulation and Reply