Pmm Changes in Reported Speech
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Transcript of Pmm Changes in Reported Speech
8/3/2019 Pmm Changes in Reported Speech
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pmm-changes-in-reported-speech 1/2
CHANGES IN REPORTED SPEECH
When we report someone's words we are usually in a place and time and with people
different from the place, time and people the speaker was with. So, although we are basically
reporting what he/she said we have to do some changes. (It's the same in Spanish!)
Look at the tables carefully and fill in the blanks:
A. Changes in tenses
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH EXAMPLE
Present Simple- "I like tennis"
- He said (that) he liked tennis
Past Continuous- "Dylan is doing his homework"
- He said that Dylan .....................................
Past Simple / Past
Perfect
- "We opened the meeting at 2 o'clock"
- He said they (had) opened the meeting at 2 o'clock
Present Perfect- "I have never seen her before"
- He said he had never seen her before
- " Jo hadn't arrived when I got there"
- He said Jo hadn't arrived when he got there
Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous- "Vince was reading a book"
- He said Vince ...................................... a book
Present Perfect Cont. Past Perfect Continuous- " It ............................................... for two days"
- He said it had been raining for two days
Conditional Simple- "I will never do that again"
- He said he ..................................... that again
Future Continuous- "We will be sleeping then"
- He said they ........................................ then
Future Perfect- "She will have finished by then"
- He said she ............................................. by then
Can- "I can speak four languages"
- He said she ................. speak four languages
Might - "It may rain in the evening"- He said it .................... rain in the evening
Must- "I must go"
- He said he must/had to go"
Have to- "She has to do a lot of homework"
- He said she ............................. a lot of homework
Didn't need to- "You ................... get up early today. It's Sunday" - He said she ......................... get up early that day.
Could / Should / Might / Would NO CHANGE - " I couldn't come yesterday"- He said he couldn't come/go the day before
* If you are reporting something and you feel that it is still true, you do not need to change
the tense of the verb. Ex: Tom said: "New York is bigger than London"
Tom said (that) New York is / was bigger than London
8/3/2019 Pmm Changes in Reported Speech
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pmm-changes-in-reported-speech 2/2
B. Changes in time expressions, place and personal reference
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH EXAMPLE
today- "I won't do any work today"
- She said she wouldn't do any work ..................
the day before /
the previous day
- "Jack called ....................."
- He said Jack had called the day before
last week/month...- "Louis left his job last month"
- He said Louis had left his job ...........................
... ago- "Myrna had a baby two weeks ago"
- She said Myrna had had a baby two
........................
the following day / the day after - "I'll bring it back ......................."- He said he would bring it back the following day
next week/month ...- "We'll meet at ten next Friday"
- He said they would meet at ten the following
Friday
here- "Helen doesn't like living here"
- He said Helen didn't like living ................
go- " ................. and sit near me"
- She told her to go and sit near her.
this / these - She said she didn't like ................ glasses
personal pronouns
possessive adj./pronouns
depending on the noun
referred to-" Have you seen my new car?" Jo asked Tim
- Jo asked Tim if he had seen her new car
REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS
If you want to report a statement you use a "that- clause" after a verb such as say (or tell).
Other verbs you can use instead of say are: (See photocopy)
admit agree answer argue claim complain deny explain mention reply
You often omit "that" but not after certain verbs like: answer / argue / explain or reply.
You mention the hearer after "to" with:
say admit announce complain mention suggest
You mention the hearer after no preposition * with:
tell inform persuade promise remind
(* These verbs can be used in the passive voice having the indirect object as a subject)
Examples: He complained to me that you were rude // He informed her that she was dismissed