EDUC 501Philosophy of Education

PLURALISMMS. JANET L. GARCIA

PLURALISMDEFINITION

-A society in which members of diverse ethnic, racial, religious and social groups maintain participation in and development of their traditions and special interest while cooperatively working toward the interdependence needed for a nation’s unity.

PLURALIST- is someone who believes

that distinct ethnic or cultural or religious group

can exist together in society.ADOLPHUS IRWINE-pluralist

AIMSInterdependence,

Interconnectedness,Interrelationships

development and cooperation among diverse peoples of the world.

SOCIAL PLURALISM

-This refers to the concepts of human justice and equality, responsible citizenships and consumerism, fairness in local, national and international levels, constitutional democracy and economic responsibility.

CULTURAL PLURALISM

-It is a factual descriptive term for the phenomenon of many cultures co-existing and interacting within the same spatial area, whether district, village, town, nation, region or global.

CULTURAL PLURALISM

-Smaller groups within a larger society maintain their unique cultural identities and their values and practices are accepted by the wider culture.

CULTURAL PLURALISM

-It is essential that persons and groups having plural, varied and dynamic cultural identities should live together in harmonious interaction and proper accord.

RELIGIOUS PLURALISM

-The foundation of pluralism has taken the initiative to present all religious communities. The goal is to bring people of different faiths together and provide a platform for them to share their beliefs, their systems, and rituals, while expanding the comfort zone of each group.

RELIGIOUS PLURALISM

Encourage individuals to develop an open mind and open heart toward their fellow beings.

Accept and respect the God given uniqueness of every individual.

Appreciate different religious views.

SOCIAL PLURALISM

-This refers to the concepts of human justice and equality, responsible citizenships and consumerism, fairness in local, national and international levels, constitutional democracy and economic responsibility.

POLITICAL PLURALISM

-The political power in society does not lie with the electorate but is distributed between a wide number of groups.

POLITICAL PLURALISM

-There is no majority. The basic ideas of the state are seen through the ideas of individuals and groups to ensure that all the needs and wants of society are taken care of. There is no right or wrong idea. Every one’s ideas are valid.

POLITICAL PLURALISM

-believes that negotiation process is the best way to achieve the common good: since everyone can participate in power and decision-making (and can claim part of the ownership of the results of exercising power) there can also be widespread participation and a greater feeling of commitment from society members, and therefore better outcomes.

POLITICAL PLURALISM-The most important value is that of

mutual respect and tolerance, so that different groups can coexist and interact without anyone being forced to assimilate to anyone else's position in conflicts that will naturally arise out of diverging interests and positions. These conflicts can only be resolved durably by negotiation which leads to compromise and to mutual understanding.

POLITICAL PLURALISM

-Acknowledges the diversity of interests and considers it imperative that members of society accommodate their difference by engaging in good-faith negotiation.

STRUCTURAL PLURALISM

-This refers to the way in which society is stratified. Stratification maybe on the basis of such referents as caste, rank, social class or birth into monarchic and aristocratic groups, as in United Kingdom.

POLITICAL PLURALISM a situation of open competition for electoral support within a significant part of the adult population - ensures competition of group

interests and relative equality. Pluralists stress civil rights, such as freedom of expression and organization, and an electoral system with at

least two parties. On the other hand, since the participants in this process constitute only a tiny

fraction of the populace, the public acts mainly as bystanders. This is not necessarily undesirable for

two reasons:

FACTORS INFLUENCE PLURALISM

1. Economic expansion of Western societies created for a large additional labor force and brought together by mass migration2. Improved communications and international transportation system

FACTORS INFLUENCE PLURALISM

3. Growing concern for human rights, as a result of the violence of the war ans establishment of new international organizations dedicated to peace, conflict resolution and human rights

4. Major new independent nations emerge, with in-built safeguards to take accounts of cultural diversity, for example, Lebanon and India

Pluralism and its Relevance to Education

-Providing experience for students, teachers, counselors and the community to nurture and practice pluralistic thought

-Teachers and community at large are acquiring an awareness of pluralism through subtle methods of dialog and participation.

School curriculumGROUP -CENTERED

Learning objectives aims to promote Interdependence,

Interconnectedness,Interrelationships

Development and Cooperation among diversities of students.

Methods of Teaching

-Encourages age group -Emphasizes the

individual in a group experience rather than individualistic orientation

PRE-SCHOOL

ELEMENTARY

-Appreciates and understands diversity

-Develops group respect

HIGH SCHOOL

-Group counseling has a particular impact in the high school setting

- Group experience to promote direct, intergroup contact and increased racial tolerance among students

COLLEGE

-Develops training programs to diminish prejudicial attitudes and to promote unlearning racism.

-Helps to bridge the gap for minority

CONCEPTS OF PLURALISM1. It involves the promotion of group

experience based on working together, sharing and listening to one another.

2. Small groups are guided through experiential activities to themselves and others.

3. The intimacy of daily contact and interaction helps to make the groups realize that race, religion, sex and age and other physical and social features are not sufficient bases for prejudice and discrimination. 4. The group consciousness promotes and develops into FRIENDSHIPS that transcend racial, ethnic, sex, religious, age and other differences

TEACHING STRATEGIES WHICH PROMOTE PLURALISM

1. School or community service2. Oral histories3. Group projects and presentations4. Peer tutoring, survey5. Media productions6. Cooperative learning7. Small group discussion

8. Guest speakers representing other lands9. Exchange programs10. International pen pal11. Cultural programs with foreign students12. Classrooms museums13. Culture kits14. International festivals15. International service projects16. community-in-the-world projects17. Use of interactive videos

http://www.oppapers.com.multicultural pluralism

http://www.civics.uns.edu.com.phil. pluralism

http://www.eric.com.religious pluralism

http://www.eric. Pluralism.htm

references

A BLESSED YEAR TO START WITH A

BLISSFUL HEART AND A PEACEFUL MIND

HAPPY NEW YEAR

Thank you

JANET L.GARCIA