Please read pages 128 - 131

Define rocketsBeginning, important dates,

and important people/country, and how they work.

Use the words and/or phrases on the next page, to complete your notes. We will check it together during discussion.

•Chinese

•Father of Rocket Theory

•Action

•Suborbital velocity

•Rocket experiments

•Father of modern Rocketry

•Thrust

•Orbital velocity

•Machines that use escaping gases to move

•National Aeronautics and Space Administration

•For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

•Rockets

•Third Law of Motion

•Fireworks and weapons

•Reaction

•Robert Goddard

•Escape velocity

Please read pages 128 - 131 Use Word bank to complete notes

Beginning of Rocket Science

• Rockets are machines that use escaping gas to move

• Tsiolkovsky (1900) Russian HS teacher– Inspired by Jules Verne (science fiction

writer)

– Explained how rockets work– Known as: Father of Rocket Theory

• Conducted rocket experiments

• Arose attention of US military during WWII

• Known as Father of Modern Rocketry

Robert Goddard (1915 -1941) American Physicist

• First Rockets invented by Chinese over 800 years ago. – Used for fire works and

weapons.

• Germans developed rocket bombs during WWII

• At end of WWII US rocket research took off

• Cold War, US was frightened that Soviet Union would be superior to us in the arms race.

• NASA was formed July 29, 1958 (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

• Rockets work on a simple principle known as:

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

“For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

EXAMPLE: Fill a balloon with air and let it go.

Action - air rushing backward from balloon.

Reaction - balloon moves forward

Rocket Engines• Thrust is the force that

pushes the rocket forward–Fuel is burned inside a rocket engine (solid or liquid)

–Fuel burns, gasses expand, pressure is created inside engine.

Rocket Engines• Action – gas pushes

downward

• Reaction – rocket moves upward

Reaction

Action

Hot Gases

Oxygen

Fuel

Fuel burned here

• Oxygen is needed to burn fuel• No Oxygen in space. Rocket

must carry it’s own supply.• In space rockets move without

fuel• Fuel only needed to change

direction

• Orbital velocity (8km/s) speed & direction a rocket must have to orbit the earth

• Suborbital (less than 8km/s) can fall back to earth

• Escape velocity (11km/s) speed & direction a rocket must travel to break a planet’s gravitational pull