Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Plate Tectonic Notes

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Stress is the amount of force per unit area put on a given object.

Deformation is the rock changing due to stress.

*Three things determine how much stress a rock can handle: composition, temperature and amount of pressure.

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Compression is when two plates collide. (squeezing)

Tension is when two plates pulling away from each other. (stretching)

Cite: http://www.solaster-mb.org/mb/images/dyrynda-tectonics-1-wl.GIF

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Folding is the bending of rock

Anticline are arch-shaped folds.

Syncline are trough-shaped folds.

Monocline are rocks that have vertical stress and the ends are still horizontal.

AnticlineCite:http://www.salem.k12.va.us/staff/flester/lester/foldsandfaults/anticline.gif

Syncline

Cite: http://www.salem.k12.va.us/staff/flester/lester/syncline.gif

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

MonoclineCite: http://www.nps.gov/brca/Geodetect/Photo%20book/LF%20pix/images/Monocline%20Cross%20Section%20_TIF.jpg

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Cite: http://www.geosci.unc.edu/faculty/glazner/Images/Structure/Monocline.jpg

Monocline in the Mojave Desert, California

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

• Cite: http://www-class.unl.edu/geol101i/images/structure%20images/anticline%20from%20Wind%20Rivers.jpg

Anticline in Wind Rivers, Wyoming

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Cite: http://users.ipfw.edu/isiorho/Syncline.JPG

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Faulting is breaking of rocks

Footwall is one side of the rock.

Hanging wall is the other side of the rock.

A normal fault is when the rocks pull away from each other, the hanging wall moves down.

A reverse fault is when rocks are pushed together, the hanging wall is pushed up.

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Normal Fault

Cite: http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/acolvil/struct/normal_animation.gif

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Reverse Fault

Cite: http://www.earthsci.org/struct/fault/reverse.gif

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Strike-slip Fault is when the rock breaks and move horizontally.

Chapter 17 Section 3 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Strike Slip Fault

Cite: http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~nfay/home/right_lateral_fault.gif

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Mountain Building Notes

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Most mountain ranges form where plates collide- convergent boundary.

Uplift is the process by which regions of the crust are raised to a higher elevation.

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Cite: http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/acolvil/plates/subduction.jpg

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Folded Mountains are formed when rock layers are squeezed together. Appalachians

Fault - Block Mountains are formed when faulting causes large blocks of the crust to drop down. Tetons

Volcanic Mountains are formed when molten rocks erupts onto the Earth’s surface. Divergent boundary.

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Fault Block Mountains

Citehttp://cse.cosm.sc.edu/erth_sci/Metamorf/ue3588.jpg:

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Cite: http://cse.cosm.sc.edu/erth_sci/Metamorf/ue1868.jpg

Folded Mountains in Canada

Chapter 17 Section 4 Spring 2006, Pflugerville ISD

Volcanic Mountain

Cithttp://cse.cosm.sc.edu/erth_sci/Metamorf/ss5_3.jpge: