Plantilla Unit II

7/29/2019 Plantilla Unit II

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Second Quarter

Scope and Sequence


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Topic DaysClassification System for Organisms 3Monerans and Viruses 3Protists 4Fungi 5

Simple Plants 4An Overview of Photosynthesis 2Complex Plants 5Growth of Flowering Plants 5Reproduction in Flowering Plants 5Invertebrates 5Cold-blooded Vertebrates 5Warm-blooded Vertebrates 5Animal Behavior 4

Total 55

Academic Budget PlantillaScience II


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 3Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Classification System for Organisms

LearningObjectives

Learning Content LearningExperiences

LearningEvaluation

Integration MultipleIntelligences

TPO: Describe thedistinguishingcharacteristics ofthe differentgroups oforganisms

EO1. Group livingthings according towhere and how agroup lives

The first majorgroup are known askingdoms.

KINGDOM

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Minds on:

Students will dividein groups; they willbe given list ofnames of livingthings withscientific namesand commonnames. They willgroup each livingthings fromkingdom down tospecies

Hands on:

One student fromeach groups will

Enumeration:

1. In whichsubgroup of akingdom are theorganisms mostclosely related?Least related?2. What twosubgroups give anorganism itsscientific name?3. Why aredichotomous keysuseful?4.What are the 5kingdoms of livingthings

Classification intosmaller and smallersubsets is a skillthat is developed inEnglish and, in amore abstractlevel, in Math.

Logical-mathematical;linguistic;naturalistic


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EO2. Use scientificname in naming

organisms

EO3. Identify livingthings usingdichotomous key

EO4. Identify thefive kingdoms

system ofgroupings

Phylum is thelargest of thesesubgroups whilespecies is thelowest.

Each different kind

of organism has itsown scientificname. Thescientific name ismade up of 2 parts.

The first part is thename of the genusto w/c theorganisms belongs.

The 2nd part is thename ofspeciesw/c is a latinadjective thatdescribes theorganism.

Dichotomous key isdesigned to dividea group oforganisms into twosmaller groups.

These two smallergroups are thendivided into smaller

groups, until theindividual speciesis identified.

present their workin front of theclass.


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The five kingdomsinclude:1. Monerans these are one-celled organismswith simple cell

structure.2. Protists theseorganisms are one-celled with morecomplex cellstructure thanmonerans.3.Fungi these aremany-celledorganisms thatabsorb fooddecaying materialsor from livingthings.4. Plants theseare complex instructure and aremade up of manycells.5. Animals theseare many-celledorganisms that eatfood.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 3Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Monerans and Viruses

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO: Describesome common

monerans andviruses and theireffects on hostcells

EO1. Describe blue-green algae

The name blue -green alga wasgiven to thesemicroscopicorganisms becauseof 2 colored

substances they allcontain. One ischlorophyll and the

Hands on:

Activity basedExperiment:

Observing different

types of bacteria

Materials:

Choose the answerthat complete each

of the followingsentences:1). All of thefollowing arecommon types ofbacteria,except____a. Coccib. Bacillic. Filamentad. Spirilla2.) Anaerobes donot need ___ for

growth.a. Oxygenb. Carbon dioxide

Processes involvedin blue-green algae

produce chemicals and they arecovered inChemistry.

Linguistic;naturalistic


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EO2. Describebacteria

EO3. Distinguishaerobe fromanaerobe

other is bluepigment.

Blue- green algaeare one-celled andare able tophotosynthesize.

They can surviveon land or in water.

Bacteria are amongthe smallestorganisms known.

They are foundalmost everywhere.

The 3 basic shapesof bacteria are:cocci, bacilli, andspirilla

Many bacteria gettheir food bybreaking downwaste products anddead tissues andknown asdecomposers.Some species havethe try to formresting cells calledendospores. Itforms when

microscope,prepared slides ofcocci, bacilli andspirilla

Purpose: Toobserve, identify

and draw the 3basic types ofbacteria.

Prcedure:1. Draw 3 largesquares (about 5cm square) on apiece of paper.2. Get a preparedslide o each type ofbacterium.3. Set up yourmicroscope andobserve one slideunder low power.4. Carefully switchthe objective tohigh power.CAUTION: Use onlythe fine focus inhigh power.5. Notice the sizeand shape of thebacteria you areobserving. Yourbacteria may bestained with a dieto make them

c. Nitrogend. Pigment3.) A ___ needs aliving cell in orderto reproduce.a. Bacteriab. Blue-green algae

c. Virusd. Host4.) Some types of

___ are able tobreak down wasteproducts and deadorganisms.a. Ruminantb Blue-green algaec. Virusd. Bacteria


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EO4. Give thehelpful and harmfuleffect of bacteria

theconditions arenot good forgrowth andreproduction.

Aerobes are those

speciesthat needoxygen to surviveand grow. They usethe oxygen inrespiration to breakdown food andreleases energy,while anaerobesare other speciesof bacteria that donot need oxygenfor growth. Insteadof using respirationto break downfood, w/c requiresoxygen, they usefermentation.

Bacteria play a rolein the lives of allorganisms in theenvironment. Theyare also greatimportance tohumans. Bacteriaare helpful innumerous ways.But, they can alsobe harmful.

visible. Note that innature bacteria arenot colored.6. In one of thesquare draw a fewof the bacteria yousee under the

microscope.7. Label yourdrawing with thename of thespecies ofbacterium you areobserving.8. Repeat thisprocedure for theother 2 slides.

Questions:1. What 3 types ofbacteria did youobserve? Give thename and shape ofthe bacterium foreach.2. How do the szesof the 3 types ofbacteria compare?

Conclusion:How are bacteriaclassified? Howelse could they beclassified?


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One majorcontributionbacteria make is1.breaking downwaste products anddead organisms; 2.

Bacteria also helpsome animals, suchas ruminants,digest food; 3.Bacteria also live inlarge intestines ofhumans. They growon food we areunable to digestand make vitamins,w/c we absorb anduse; 5. Anotherimportant function

of bacteria isnitrogen fixation;and 6. Bacteria areused widely byhumans in makingfoods

Some bacteriacause problems forhumans and otherorganisms. 1.Oneway in w/c bacteriacan be harmful iscausing food tospoil; 2. Somebacteria produce


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poisons w/c cancause sickness andsometimes death;3. Sometimesdecomposition ofwastes and deadorganisms by

bacteria can beharmful; 4. Manyspecies of bacteriacause diseases inplants, animals,and humans. Theseare parasites.


Year II Approximate No. of Days: 4Second Quarter

General Topic: Protists


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LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO: Describe thedistinguishingcharacteristics ofthe differentgroups of

organisms

EO1. Describeprotists

EO2. Give thedifferences of the 3phyla of single-celled algae

Protists are simpleorganisms that aresingle-celled.Protists differ fromone another in theway they obtainfood. The cells ofprotists are much

larger and morecomplex than thoseof monerans. Theyhave a truenucleus, as well asthe manystructures found incomplex cells.

There are 8 majorphyla of protists.

One phylum ofsingle-celled algaeis the euglenas.

Hands on:

Activity basedExperiment:

Observing Protozoa

Materials:

microscope, Surveyset of live protozoa,medicine dropper,clean slides andcover slips

Purpose: Toidentify variousprotists using adichotomous key.

Prcedure:1. Set up themicroscope andadjust the light.2. Get a clean slide

Choose the answerthat complete eachof the followingsentences:1). Single-celled

algae do notinclude____a. Euglenasb. Diatomsc. Protozoad. Golden algae2.) Thetrypanosome is aflagellate thatcauses ___.a. Red tideb. African sleepingsickness

c. Malariad. Diatomaceousearth3.) Theparamecium is aprotozoan and a

___.a. Flagellateb. Ciliatec. Sarcodined. Sporozoan4.) Slime moldshavecharacteristics likeanimals and ___during different

Classification anddescription areskills that are oftenlearned in English.

Linguistic


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Most euglenas livein freshwater lakesand ponds andappear in greencolor. Sometimesthey are found inthe soil or in other

damp places. Thereis a long flagellumat one end of thecell w/c is used formovement. Theyhave no cell wall.

A second phylum ismade up of thegolden algae w/ccan look brown oryellow. They havecell walls and

mostly live in saltwater. The bestknown goldenalgae are thediatoms.

The third phylumincludes thedinoflagellates.

These protists areunique becausethey have 2 flagellaon the side of thebody. They arefound in bothfreshwater and sea

and cover slip.3. Make a wetmount of aprotozoa culture4.Put the slide onthe microscope5. Observe first

under low power.Move the slide untilyou found anorganism.6. Change to highpower. CAUTION:Use only the finefocus in highpower.7. Follow theorganism andwatch how itmoves.

8. On a separatepiece of paper,draw a sketch ofthe organism youare viewing. Nextto the sketch, writea short descriptionof the organism.Pay attention to itsmeans ofmovement and itsstructure.9. Label yoursketch w/ the typeof protozoan10. Repeat the

parts of their lives.a. Sporozoansb Fungic. Plantsd. Flagellates


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EO3. Describeprotozoa and itsfour phyla

water. Somespecies produceflashes of light, in away similar tofireflies. Some ofthem arepoisonous. A few of

these speciescontain redpigments. Atcertain times of theyear, there are somany reddinoflagellates thatthey turn the waterred. Thisoccurrence isknown as red tide.

Protozoa are

protists that haveanimal likecharacteristics.

They are made upof single cells anddo not have cellwalls. They do notcontain chlorophyll.

They areconsumers.

Protozoa areclassified by the

way they move.There are 4 phylaof protozoa, one for

procedure for theother slides.11. Drawings areincluded to aid youin identifyingdifferent protozoa.Questions:

1. How manyprotozoa were youable to identify?Conclusion:Describe w/ccharacteristicswere most useful inidentifying theprotozoa youobserved.


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amoeba.Pseudopods alsoaid in getting food.Some species arecovered by hardshells.4. Sporozoans has

no specialized wayof moving about.All are parasitesthat live inside thebodies of otherorganisms. Theyformed restingcells or spores, atsome point of theirlives. They causevariety of diseasesin humans andanimals and one

example is malaria.

Slime molds areunusual organismsand make up theeight phylum ofprotists. Their lifehas 2 main stages.In one stage, theslime mold is amass of cytoplasmthat has manynuclei. Under

certain conditionsthe mass ofcytoplasm stops


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moving and theslime mold beginsto grow upright.

This is thereproductive stage.In this stage theslime mold looks

like a fungus.


Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Fungi

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO: Describe the

distinguishingcharacteristics ofthe different

Club fungus

HyphaeLichenMycelium

Classification and

description areskills that arelearned in English.

Linguistic


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groups oforganisms

EO1. Describe thefungal kingdom

EO2. Identifysporangium fungi,club fungi and sac

The fungal

kingdom includesthe familiarmushrooms, plusmany other formssuch as molds andyeasts, w/c may behelpful as well asharmful to otherorganisms.

Most fungi aremany-celledorganisms w/

complex cellstructure. Theylack chlorophylland so cannotperformphotosynthesis.

They are made upof long threads ofcells called hypaeand this form aninterlocking massof threads called a

mycelium.

Fungi are

Ask students to

bring mushroomsin class. Eachgroup will observethe mushroom.

They will draw it ina piece of paperand identify all theparts.

After theobservation eachgroup will presenttheir works by

describing thestructure andfunction of amushroom.

Sac fungusSporangiumSporangium fungus

*Match each termabove w/ thenumbered phrase

that best describesit.1. Type of fungusthat producesspore cases.2. Threadlikestructure found infungi3. Structure that isthe main part ofthe body of afungus4. Spore-bearing

case found on theend of a hypha5. Mushrooms aremembers of thistype of fungus6. Type of fungusthat includesyeasts and molds7. Combination of afungus and an alga


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fungi

EO3. Give otherimportant fungi

decomposers.

Sporangium fungusis commonly knownas bread mold andare found in the

soil, in manure, onfruits, and onstarchy food stuffs.

They needmoisture andwarmth to growwell.

Club fungi havetiny clublikestructures, w/cproduce thespores. Many

species arepoisonous.

Sac fungi are verylarge phylum offungi. Most speciesare microscopic,though others canbe easily seen. Thespores areproduced in tiny,enclosed tubes orsacs. Some sac

fungi are parasites.Yeasts are on typeof sac fungi. Some


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EO4. Describelichen

sac fungi can causeserious infectionsin humans.

Fungi in theirvarious forms have

different uses.Some fungi arebeneficial, whileothers aredestructive.

Some providedrugs for use infighting diseasesand one such drugis the antibioticpenicillin, w/c isproduced by the

sac fungus calledPenicillium.

Although fungi helprecycle chemicalsby breaking downand removing deadorganic matter,some speciesattack the tissuesof living trees andplants. These fungiare parasites. Like,

Phytophthoraattacks potatoescausing them t rot;


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Plamopara, w/cattack grapes.

A lichen is the

result of apartnershipbetween a fungusand an alga. Foundon barren rocksand soil, lichenscan grow wherenothing else couldpossibly surviveand where neitherfungi nor algaecould exist alone.

They can

sometimes bedestructive tohuman structures.


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EO2. Give thedifference ofvascular plants tononvascular plants

by making eggsand sperm.

The other stage isasexual stage,where plantsreproduce by

making spores.Each stage is calleda generation. Thecompletion of bothgenerations marksone cycle. Thistype of life cycle iscalled alteration ofgenerations. Itocurs in bothsimple andcomplex plants.

One way plants areclassified isaccording towhether they havetubelike structuresthat carry waterand othersubstances. Thesestructures aremade up of specialtissue calledvascular tissue.

Vascular plants arethose plants withvascular tissue. For

reproductivestructures

PurposeTo become familiarw/ the structure ofthe body and

reproductive partsof a liverwort.

Procedure1. Obtain a livingsample of theliverwortMarchantia and ahand lens.2. Observe the flat,lobe-shaped part ofthe plant. Theseleaflike structures

carry outphotosynthesis.Notice that theyare shapedsomewhat like aliver; hence thename liverwort3. Draw a sketch ofthe leaflikestructures.4. If there arestalks growingupward from the

leaflike structures,draw a sketch ofone of these. Eggs

complex plant?Why thesestructures are notconsidered trueroots, stems, andleaves?5. How are mosses

and liverwortssimilar? How arethey different?


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EO3. Identify thethree types ofmany-celled algae

example: ferns,trees, vines andmany other comonplants.

While nonvascularplants are other

plants that lackvascular tissue.These include man-celled algae,mosses, andliverworts. Theseplants get waterdirectly from theirsurroundings.

Nonvascular plantsare consideredsimple plants and

vascular plants areconsideredcomplex plants.

The simplest of thenonvascular plantsare the many-celled algae. The 3types or the 3phyla are:

1. Green algae areusually found in

freshwater, butsome live insaltwater

and sperm areformed in the tipsof male and femalestalks on differentplants.5. Observe theunderside of the

liverwort. The verythin threads arerootlike structures.

These anchor theplant and absorbwater and mineralsfrom the soil. Drawa sketch of therootlike structures.6. Obtain oneprepared slide ofeach of theMarchantia

reproductivestructures. Observeeach under themicroscope. Thefemale structuresappear as upside-down vases. Themale structures areoval-shaped.7. Draw a sketch ofthe male andfemalereproductive

structures.

Questions


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EO4. Comparemosses fromliverworts

2. Red algae areseaweeds w/c livein or near theocean. Theyappear redbecause they havea red pigment in

additon tochlorphyll. Not allred algae are red.3.Brown algae arethe familiarseaweeds and kelpfound in theseashore. Theircells contain abrown pigment inadditon tochlorophyll.

Mosses belong tothe pylum of plantscalled bryophytes.

They are tinyplants, rarelygrowing taller thana few centimeters.

Mosses live inmoist, shadyplaces. They areabundant in forest.

Their life cycleincludes bothsexual and asexual

1. Did theMarchantia plantsyou observed havereproductivestructures growingfrom the leaflikepart of the plant? If

so, were you ableto identify it aseither the malestructure or thefemale structure?2.Do liverwortshave true leavesand roots? Why orwhy not?

ConclusionDescribe thefunction of the

reproductivestructures that youobserved under themicroscope. Whatrole do these playin the reproductionof the liverwort?What generationdo they represent?


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stages.

Like mosses,liverworts are tinynonvascular plantsthat live in moistareas. These plants

are often foundgrowing together.

They resemblemosses, exceptthat they lie flaton the ground andtheir leaflikestructures appearscaly. The leaflikestructures performphotosynthesis forthe plant

Reproduction isvery similar tomosses.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 2Second QuarterGeneral Topic: An Overview of Photosynthesis

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO1: Staterequirements ofplants for growth

TPO2: State therequirements of

Explain thenecessity of thefollowing

requirements ofphotosynthesis:

There is plenty ofChemistry going onhere. Molecules

involved inphotosynthesis arecovered in


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photosynthesis

EO1. State thedifferentrequirements ofphotosynthesis

EO2. Analyze theeffect of eachrequirement ofphotosynthesis onplants

EO3. Explain whatwould happen ifsome of therequirements ofphotosynthesiswere not met

In green plants,photosynthesis hasdifferentrequirements:water, carbondioxide, andsunlight.

Water facilitatesthe flow of mineralsfrom soil to theplant. Carbondioxide andsunlight are bothintegral to

photosynthesis

Without water,plants will simplywilt.

Students willrepresent theprocess ofphotosynthesisthrough anillustration.

Students willreason out whatwill happen ifcertain conditionsof photosynthesisarent met at all.

1. Water2. Sunlight3. Carbon dioxide4. Soil

Chamistry.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Complex Plants

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO: Describe thedistinguishing

characteristics ofthe differentgroups of

Identify thefollowing:

1. Whatcharacteristics of aplant cause it to be

Classification anddescription are

skills that arelearned in English.



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organisms

EO1. Identify the 2major groups oftracheophytes.

EO2. Differentiateangiosperms fromgymnosperms

The tracheophytesinclude 2 majorgroups: ferns andseed plants.Ferns havevascular tissue andtrue roots, stemsand leaves butthey do not makeseeds. This is oneimportant way inw/c ferns differfrom seed plants.

Trees, bushes,

shrubs, plantsgrown for theirflowers, and mostof our food sourcesare seed plants.Seed plantsreproduce bymaking seeds. Thisfeature make themdifferent from allother plants.

Angiosperms andgymnosperms aretwo kinds of seed

ComparingMonocot and DicotLeaves

Students willobserve some ofthe differencesbetween monocotsand dicots. Theywill needmagnifying glass,Zebrina (wanderingjew) leaf, ivy leaf,leaves from mapletree and other

plants in their area.

Students in eachgroup will lookcarefully at the leafsamples w/ themagnifying glass,and then identifythe monocot anddicot leaves. Theywill draw a sketchof both leaves,making sure to

include the veinpattern and stempatterns.

classified as anangiosperm?2. How do fernsdiffer fromtracheophytes?3. Whatcharacteristics ofseed plants make itpossible for themto survive in manydifferentenvironments?4. What are the 2key differencesbetweengymnosperms andangiosperms?5. Describereproduction inconifers.


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EO3. Describecone-bearingplants

plants.

Angiosperms haveflowers andproduce seedsenclosed in a fruit.

They are alsoknown as floweringplants. Example:Maole trees,tomato plants, androse bushes.

Gymnospermsproduce seeds thatare not enclosed ina fruit. A largegroup of familiargymnosperms isthe conifers, their

seeds are enclosedin cones. They arealso called cone-bearing plants.Example: Pinetrees, fir trees,redwoods and

juniper bushes.

The most commongymnosperm isconifers. These

As a conclusion,they willsummarize thedifferencesbetween monocotand dicot leaves.And what othercharacteristics aredifferent in thesetwo kinds offlowering plants.


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EO4. Differentiatemonocot from dicot

plants have round,pointed leavesknown as needles.It has a protectivecoating that helpsthe trees from theeffect of extremetemperatures.

They reproduce byforming cones.

They make bothmale and femalecones.

Flowering plantsare divided into 2groups dependingon the number ofcotyledons in the

seed. A cotyledonis a seed leaf; w/cprovides food forthe plant embryo inthe seed when itbegins to grow.

Monocots areflowering plantsthat have only onecotyledon, such ascorn.

Dicots are thosethat have twocotyledons, such as


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beans.

Monocots anddicots differ inseveral ways. Thevascular tissue in adicot stem isarranged in circlewhile in monocots,they are scatteredin separate bundlesthroughout thestem.

Monocot leaveshave veins that areparallel and theroot system isfibrous, w/ manystringlike brancheswhile dicot plantshaveVeins that look likea net and the rootsare usuallydominated by alarge central root.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Growth of Flowering Plants

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO1: Illustrate thecoordinatedfunctions of cells,tissues, organsystems inmaintaining the lifeof plants, animals,and human beings.

TPO2: Describe theenergy locationand function ofchlorophyllpigments

TPO3: Explain lightand dark reactionsof photosynthesis

TPO4: Identify thecharacteristics ofplants that make

them efficientproducers

Answer thefollowingquestions:1. When would youexpect a plant totake in morecarbon-dioxide atnight or during theday?2. How can annualring tell us aboutthe past growingconditions of aplant? How would adrought berepresented as anannual ring?3. A tree has beengrowing for severalyears but no scalescars are found onthe twigs. How

would you explainthis observation?4. What is meant

There is plenty ofchemistry involvedin discussionsregarding growthof flowering plants.Different chemicalsinvolved inphotosynthesis areanalyzed in depthin Chemistryclasses.



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TPO5: Describe theparts and finctionsof the differentorgan systems inplants

TPO6: Illustratehow materials and

water are absorbedand transported inplants

EO1. Identify thedifferent planttissues and itsfunction

Tissues serve toprovide suppliesand protection forthe plant. In itsown way, eachtype of tissuemeets a need ofthe entire plant.

Epidermis is aprotective tissuecovering theoutside surfaces ofthe plants roots,stems, leaves, andflowers.

Another planttissue is involved inthe storage of food.Storage tissuesare usually made oflarge cells w/ small

nuclei.

Vascular tissue is

Finding theLocation of XylemCells in plants.

Materials:Twig from a tree,celery stalk, knife,phloroglucinol,medicine dropper

PurposeTo observe xylemtissue and to findout whether it islocated in the sameplace in variousplants.

Procedure:1. Cut 5-cm sectionfrom a twig.2. Add a drop ofphloroglucinol t the

cut end of the twig.( the chemicalphloroglucinol can

by a positivetropism? How is itdifferent from anegative tropism?


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plant is found inleaf cells.

Stems do more forthe plant than linkthe leaves and theroots. It also servesas a highway

through w/cmaterials aretransported to allcells and plants.

Photosynthesis isactually 2processes. Oneprocess requireslight while theother process doesnot require light.

The light reaction:In the lightreaction,chlorophyll trapsthe energy insunlight. The sunsenergy causes ATPto be produced.During lightreaction, watersplit into hydrogen

and oxygen. Someof the oxygen isused by plants in

in the twig?4. When a drop ofphlorglucinol isadded to the cutend of the celerystalk what partturns red?5. When added to

the lengthwise cutof celery, what partturns red?6. Where is thexylem cells locatedin the celery?7. Which containsore xylem cells, asection of a twig ora section of celery?8. Which plant islikely to growtaller? Why?ConclusionWhat have youlearn about thelocation of xylemcells in plants.


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EO4. Differentiatexylem cells fromphloem cells

EO5.Identify factorsthat affect plantgrowth

respiration. Butmusc of the oxygenis given off into theair.

The dark reaction:In the darkreaction, carbon

dioxide and otherchemicals arecombined t formsugar. Energy forthis process comesfrom ATP producedin the lightreaction. Some ofthe sugar producedis used by the plantin respiration.Some is used forgrowth. The extrasugar is stored inroots, stems, andleaves.

In plants, materialsare moved fromone place toanother throughthe xylem andphloem cells.

Xylem cells areinvolved in thetransport of water


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EO6. Describeplant cycles

and minerals.Xylem tubes carrywater and mineralsfrom the roots toother cells in theplant.

Phloem cells

function in thetransport of food.Sugars made in theleafAre carried by thephloem to budsabove the leaf.

Water, minerals,light andtemperature affectthe growth ofplants. Too muchor too little of anyof these factors canstop plant growth.Abiotic conditionsw/c stop thegrowths of a plantare called limitingfactors.

Many plants havedaily rhythms. Eachevening, every leafon an oxalis plant


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folds up. In themorning, the leafflattens.

Some plants haveflowers that openand close atspecific times each

day.


Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Reproduction in Flowering Plants

LearningObjectives


LearningEvaluation


TPO1: Analyze the Anther Some methods Linguistic;


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role of green plantsas energy supplierof the ecosystem

TPO2: Givescientificexplanationsbehind farming

practices

EO1. DescribeVegetativePropagation

Vegetativepropagation occursnaturally in manyplants. It is oftenused artificially bypeople to grow newplants.

In nature, some

plants reproducevegetatively fromspecialized stems.Some grassesproduce stems thatgrow underground.Some plants, suchas onions and lilies,produce bulbs.Plants such asstrawberry producea special trailingstem called arunner.

The Parts of aFlower

MaterialsDissecting needleA complete lily orgladiolus flowerMagnifying glassPlain white paper

PurposeTo observe thestructure of aflower

Procedure1. Take a flowerand put it on apiece of paper.2. Gently examinethe flower withouttearing it apart.3. Draw a sketch ofyour flower. Label

GerminationImperfect flowerNectarPerfect flowerPetalPistilSeed coatSepal

Stamen

Match each termabove with thenumbered phrasethat best describesit.1. Process wherethe seed coat splitsand a young plantemerges.2. Malereproductive

structure inflowering plants:pollen develops atthe tip3. Femalereproductivestructure inflowering plants:the ovary forms atthe base.4. Leaflike part atthe base of aflower.5. Sugarysubstance

used in plantingand flowering arecovered in TLE.

naturalistic


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perfect flowersfrom imperfectflowers

EO4. Describepollination and fruitformation

reprodctive organ.The swelling at thebase of the pistil iscalled ovary. Insideit are the ovules,where the eggs areproduced.

Flowers that haveboth stamens andpistils are calledperfect flowers.

Flowers that haveeither stamens orpistils, but not bothare calledimperfectflowers.

In some kinds ofplants, pollen canfertilize egs fromthe same plant,this is known asself-pollination. Inothers, the pollenmust come fromanother plant.

Pollen is carriedfrom one plant toanother by thewind or by bees orother insects.

with themagnifying glass,draw a sketch ofthe petal, sepal,stamen, and pistil.Label eachstructure on yourdiagram.

Questions1. How manysepals are in yourflower?2. How manypetals are in yourflower?3. How manystamens are inyour flower?

Conclusion

Is your flower amonocot or dicot?How do you know?


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EO5. Describe theprocess ofgermination.

When a pollengrain lands on thetip of the pistil, itbegins to grow atube.Once insidethe ovary the tubeenters an ovulecontaining an

unfertilized egg.The sperm nucleusmoves through thetube and fertilizesthe egg, forming azygote.

The zygote startsto divide by mtosisand grows in size.

Then forming anembryo.

The ovulecontaining theembryo with itsfood supplydevelops into aseed covered by aprotective coat, theseed coat.

As the seed form,the ovaryenlarges.. theovary may form apod, shell, fleshyfruit or berry.


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Under the rightconditions, theplant embryo willstart to grow andform a new plant.Before thishappens, the seed

coat must split. Theprocess in w/c seedcoat splits and theyoung plant appearis calledgermination.Before gemination,the seeds take inwater. The waterseems to releaseenzymes w/in theembryo.

Before a seed willgerminate,environmentalconditions must be

jst right. Thetemperature mustbe moderate, theseed must have agood supply ofoxygen.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5

Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Invertebrates

Learning

Objectives

Learning Content Learning

Experiences

Learning

Evaluation

Integration Multiple

IntelligencesTPO: Describe thedistinguishingcharacteristics ofth diff t

ArachnidCentipedeCoelenterateC t

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AcademicBudgetPlantillaScience II

the differentgroups oforganisms

EO1. DifferentiatePorifera fromCoelenterates

Sponges classifiedas Poriferabecause their thicksides have manyholes or pores, w/cconnect the insideand the outside.

They live attachedto rocks, shells orother solid surfacesin water. The bodyof a sponge is likea sack. The insideis known as thecentral cavity. Asponge is made upof 2 cell layers. Thecell lining thecentral cavity haveflagella and shortcollars extendinginto the cavity.

They reproduceboth sexually andasexually.

Jellyfish, seaanemones, coralsand Portuguese

man-of-wars allbelong to the samephylum ofinvertebrates, thecoelenterates. Alllive in water. Theirbody is morecomplex than that

Experiment:Feeding Planaria

MaterialsPlanaria cultureWatch glassForcepsMicroscopeWaterRaw liver

Toothpick

PurposeTo observe planariafeeding

Procedure1. Take a forcepsand carefully put aplanarian into awatch glass.2. Cover theplanarian withwater.3. Put the watchglass under amicroscope andobserve theplanarian.

4. With the help ofthe diagram, locatethe structures onthe planarian.Notice that it has ahead region and atail region. Twoeyespots are

CrustaceanEchinodermExoskeletonInsectMillipedeSpongeVertebrate

Match each termabove with thenumbered phrasethat best describesit.1. Animals that hasbackbone.2. Phylum of

simple animals thathave sacklikebodies coveredwith pores.3. Phylum ofanimals with water-pumping systemsand externalskeletons of plates.4. Skeleton foundon the outside ofthe body.5. Lobster andcrabs belong to thisclass.6. Class ofarthropod havingmany legs with one

pair of legs on eachbody segment.7. Class ofarthropod havingmany legs with twopairs of legs oneach bodysegments.

learned in English.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Cold-blooded Vertbrates

Learning

Objectives


Experiences

Learning

Evaluation


IntelligencesTPO: Describe thedistinguishingcharacteristics ofthe different

AmphibianBony fishChamberChordate

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EO1. Give the

differentcharacteristics ofvertebrates

EO2. Describe the-

Vertebrates arethose animals that

have backbones.All vertebratesbelong to the onephylum of animal,the Chordates.Vertebrates haveinternal skeletonsmade up of manybones or cartilagethat supports thebody shape andweight. Musclesare attached invarious ways to thebones of avertebratesskeleton. Allvertebrates havewell-developedbody systems.Vertebrates aredivided into 5groups: fish,amphibians,reptiles, and

mammals. Thesegroups vary instructure, life cycleand behavior.Vertebrates aregrouped accordingto whether theyget their body heat

Activity: ObservingFish

MaterialsLarge jarWaterSmall fishFish foodSmall fish net

PurposeTo observe a fishsphysical structureand some aspectsof its behaviour.

Procedure1. Take a large jarand fill it withwater.2. Using the fishnet, get one fish.Be careful to put itinto the jar as soonas possible.3. Look at your fishand draw a sketch

of it. Label themouth, eyes, gills,and fins. Note howmany fins it hasand how the scalesare shed. Alsoindicate what kindof fish you have.

ChordateCold-bloodedFishReptileSpawningWarm-blooded

Match each termabove with the

numbered phrasethat best describesit.1. Large spaceinside the heart2. Any cold-blooded vertebratethat breathesthrough lungs allits life3. Any cold-blooded vertebratethat lives in thewater throughoutits life4. Any animal witha bodytemperature thatdoes not changewith theenvironment5.Any animal with abody temperaturethat changes withthe environment

6. Any vertebrate7. The process oflaying andfertilizing fish eggs8. Fish with aninternal skeleton ofbone9. Animal that

learned in English.


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 5Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Warm-blooded Vertebrates

Learning

Objectives


Experiences

Learning

Evaluation



Choose the answerthat bestcompletes each ofthe following

Classification anddescription areskills that arelearned in English.


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EO1. Give the

characteristics of awarm-bloodedvertebrates

EO2. Describe birds

The bodytemperature of

warm-bloodedvertebrates doesnot vary with theoutsidetemperaturebecause they can producetheir own bodyheat. This enablesthem to maintainconstant bodytemperature. Theseanimals includebirds andmammals.

All birds havefeathers, a beak,two wings, two legsand eggs in shells.Although all birdshave feathers andwings, not all birdsfly. Examples areostritches andpenguins. Birdsthat do fly havespecialized bodystructures. Birdshave heart with 4chambers.Different birdspecies havedifferent shapes of

Activity: ObservingBirds

MaterialsPaperPencilDiagram of birds

PurposeTo observe thedifferent bodystructures thatprovides birds withthe means tosurvive.

Procedure1. Look at thediagram of birds.Examine the feet.Which type of feetwould work best forswimming? Forperching? Forgrasping prey?forwading in water?2. Make a sketch ofeach of thedifferent types ofbird feet you see.Label each sketchwith the functionyou think itperforms.3. Examine the

the followingsentences.1. Warm-bloodedvertebrates includemammals and __?a. Fishb. Amphibiansc. Reptilesd. Birds

2. Warm-bloodedvertebratesproduce their bodyheat __?a. By movingconstantlyb. From the foodthey eatc. From the waterthey drinkd. By sleeping3. All mammalianspecies __?a. Nurse theiryoung frommammary glandsb. Live on landc. Give birth to liveyoung.d. Eat birds, fish, orother mammals4. Thedevelopment of theyoung in a koala ismost like that in a

__?a. Spiny anteaterb. Kangarooc. Brown beard. Walrus

learned in English.

Academic Budget Plantilla


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Year II Approximate No. of Days: 4Second QuarterGeneral Topic: Animal Behavior

Learning

Objectives


Experiences

Learning

Evaluation



Choose the answerthat bestcompletes each ofthe following

Classification anddescription areskills that arelearned in English.


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groups oforganisms

EO1. Differentiate

Inherited behaviorfrom learnedbehavior

Behavior that isnatural for an

organism is calledinheritedbehavior. It doesnot have to belearned. There areseveral types ofinherited behavior.Animals withsimple nervoussystem oftenrespond to astimulus by movintoward or away

from it (taxis).Animals w/ a well-developed nervoussystem may alsorespond verysimple tostimulus(reflexes).

The third is acomplex inheritedbehavior calledinstinct.

In contrast toinherited behavior,learned behavioris acquired throughlearning. One typeof learning that canproduce a learnedbehavior is

Students will dividein groups. They will

be given picturesshowing differentbehaviors. Theywill list all thebehaviors that theyobserved. And thenclassify it whetherit is inherited orlearned behaviour.Each group, in frontof the class, willexplain why theythink it is a learned

or inheritedbehaviour.

sentences:1. Pulling your footback from a sharpstone is anexample of a __?a. Taxisb. Reflexc. Instinct

d. Stimulus2. Animals mayavoid harshweather and lack offood throughmigration or __?a. Conditioningb. Sending signalsc. social behaviord. Hibernation3. Cyclic behaviorcan be caused by acycle in the

externalenvironment or bya __?a. Taxisb. Reflexc. Biological clockd. Learnedbehavior.

In your ownsentence answerthe followingquestions1. Trained seals aregiven a fish afterthey perform eachtrick. Why is itimportant for theseal to get the fish?2. A dog inside a

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