Plant Structure and Function Chapter 31. Plant cells: Parenchyma Large central vacuole Storage of...
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Transcript of Plant Structure and Function Chapter 31. Plant cells: Parenchyma Large central vacuole Storage of...
Plant Structure and Function
Chapter 31
Plant cells: Parenchyma
Large central vacuole Storage of water
Form the bulk of non-woody plants
Plant cells: Collenchyma
Thicker cell wall – more support
Plant cells: Sclerenchyma
Thick cell wall – support in areas that are no longer growing.
Dermal Tissue Systems
Outside covering of the plant
Epidermis is often covered by a cuticle.
Openings in leaf and stem are called stomata.
Ground Tissue System
Storage, metabolism, support.
Vascular Tissue System
Transport and support. Xylem - water Phloem – organic materials
Growth in Meristems
Apical Meristem – length – tips of roots and stems.
Intercalary meristem – length between nodes – between the tip and base of stems & leaves
Lateral meristems – increase width
Lateral Meristem - Secondary Growth
Vascular cambium – makes more vascular tissue.
Cork cambium – produces cork.
Roots
Types of roots
Taproot – largest
Fibrous root
Root Structure
Root cap – makes slimy substance
Root hairs
Apical meristem
Roots
Monocot RootDicot Root
Root Functions
Absorb water and minerals Anchor the plant Store carbohydrates (phloem)
Stems
Node
Bud – can make new shoot
Monocot vs. Dicot Stem
Woody Dicots
Wood is produced from xylem
Bark is produced from phloem & cork
Nutrient Transport
Pressure – flow hypothesis
Explain: How does water move up the plant?
Water transport
Cohesion
Adhesion
Leaf Structure
Stomata Mesophyll – where
photosynthesis occurs.
Veins
Leaf Function
Photosynthesis, gas exchange, capture sunlight.
Sun leafs – thicker, more chloroplasts.
Stomata – guard cells