PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS. Early Scientists’ Contributions: Record notes on pages 2 and 3.
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Transcript of PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS. Early Scientists’ Contributions: Record notes on pages 2 and 3.
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
Early Scientists’ Contributions: Record notes on pages 2 and 3
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• First compound light microscope
Robert Hooke• Coined the
term “cell”
Matthias Schlieden
• All plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann• All animals are
made of cells
Rudolf Virchow• Cells can only
arise from pre-existing cells
Cell Theory
1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of organization of all organisms.
3. All cells come from other cells all ready in existence.
Cross Section of an Animal Cell: paste on page 6
Cross Section: Animal Cell
Plant Cell Cross Section: Record on page 7
Plant Cell
Cell Functions
CELL WALL: PLANT
• Function: Gives the cell most of its support and structure
• A thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell
• Bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant
CELL MEMBRANE
• Function:Semi permeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others.
• Thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell
Chloroplast
• Function: Where photosynthesis takes place
• An elongated or disc-shaped organelle containing chlorophyll
Cytoplasm• Function:
Where the organelles are located.
• The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• Function:transports materials through the cell
• Rough ER is covered with ribosome's that give it a rough appearance
Golgi Bodies• Function:
Golgi bodies are the packaging and secreting organelles of the cell.
• Are stacks of membrane-covered sacs that package and move proteins to the outside of the cell.
Lysosome• Function:
Where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place
• Also called cell vesicles
• Spherical organelles surrounded by a membrane
• They contain digestive enzymes
Mitochondria• Functions:
Where energy is released.
• Spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane
• Membrane is folded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae)
Nucleus:The Manager• Function:
Controls many of the functions of the cell
• Spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus
• Contains DNA (in chromosomes)
• Surrounded by the nuclear membrane
Ribosome's• Function:
Small structures in the cytoplasm that create proteins.
• Ribosome's are either free floating in the cytoplasm of a cell or attached to endoplasmic reticulum in a cell.
Vacuole• Function:
Like your suitcase, a vacuole is a temporary storage space for the cell.
• Fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell
• Fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell
Edible Plant and Animal Cells
More Edible Cells
Material Suggestions• pieces each of round and square bread (cell)• honey (cytoplasm)• Marshmallows (vacuoles) – 1 large white for
plant, 5 small yellow for animal• Straight Pretzels (cell wall)• Wrapped Hard Candies (nucleus) • jelly beans (mitochondria)• green Marshmallows (chloroplasts)• Twizzlers (Endoplasmic Reticulum)• Smarties (Golgi Bodies)• Gum Drops (Lysosomes)• jar of Sprinkles (Ribosomes)• aluminum foil (cell membrane)