plagiarism

Encouraging Academic Honesty through Anti-plagiarism Software

Dr Rajeev Vij & Sh Navin Kumar Soni Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi-110054

Dr Gayas Makhdumi, University Librarian & Head, DLIS, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi-110025

Paper Presentation at

7th International CALIBER 2009, PuducherryFebruary 25-27, 2009

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Cathy Oxley 2007

My Gang…….

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Quality for Selection of a PaperQuality for Selection of a Paper

Editors and reviewers of all scholarly journals look for the following for selection of a paper for its inclusion in a journal:

• Originality – what’s new about subject?

• Relevance to and extension of existing knowledge

• Research methodology – are conclusions valid and objective?

• Clarity, structure and quality of writing – does it communicate well?

• Sound, logical progression of argument

• Currency of references

• Compliance to the editorial scope and objectives of the journal

Plagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made Easy

The Internet has made it easier for everyone to plagiarise.

How are Papers Made !How are Papers Made !

Plagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made EasyPlagiarism: Made Easy

Say No to PlagiarismSay No to PlagiarismSay No to PlagiarismSay No to Plagiarism

DefinitionDefinition

According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarise" means

• to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own

• to use (another's production) without crediting the source

• to commit literary theft • to present as new and original an idea or

product derived from an existing source.

Why People Plagiarise?Why People Plagiarise?

Why People Plagiarise?Why People Plagiarise?

Pressures to publish (for career advancement)

Lack of knowledge

Lack of Enforcement

Laziness

Fear of failure

Lack of time / planning

To influence others

Competition (parental & colleague pressure)

Plagiarism IncludesPlagiarism Includes

• Using someone else’s exact words without using quotation marks or a citation.

• Using someone else’s ideas without using a citation (even if the source is in the bibliography).

• Using rearranged words from a source without a citation.

Types of PlagiarismTypes of PlagiarismTypes of PlagiarismTypes of Plagiarism

• Complete Plagiarism-Complete Plagiarism-A piece of work A piece of work copied entirely from one or more sourcescopied entirely from one or more sources

• Copy and Paste-Copy and Paste-Available information off Available information off internet or electronic journalsinternet or electronic journals

• Word Switch-Word Switch-If you copy a sentence or If you copy a sentence or paragraph into your assignment and change a few paragraph into your assignment and change a few words it will still be considered to be plagiarismwords it will still be considered to be plagiarism

• Self-plagiarism-Self-plagiarism-Self-plagiarism is when you Self-plagiarism is when you re-use your own previously written work or data in a re-use your own previously written work or data in a new assignment and do not reference it new assignment and do not reference it appropriatelyappropriately

Stop PlagiarismStop PlagiarismStop PlagiarismStop Plagiarism

Plagiarism DetectionPlagiarism Detection

• Manual detection requires substantial

effort and excellent memory

• Computer-assisted detection allows vast collections of documents to be compared to each other

Anti-plagiarism ToolsAnti-plagiarism Tools

• Plagiarism.org (www.plagiarism.org)• Turnitin.com (www.turnitin.com)

• Plagiarism Checker (http://www.plagiarismchecker.com/)

• Plagiarism Detector (http://www.plagiarism-detector.com)

• And many more software…….

Say No to PlagiarismPlagiarism

Say No to PlagiarismPlagiarismSay No to PlagiarismPlagiarism

Avoiding PlagiarismAvoiding PlagiarismAvoiding PlagiarismAvoiding Plagiarism

• One way to avoid plagiarism is reading One way to avoid plagiarism is reading something and putting it into your own wordssomething and putting it into your own words

• Another way is to credit the author of what Another way is to credit the author of what you read and not taking credit for ityou read and not taking credit for it

• Using quotations is another way of avoiding Using quotations is another way of avoiding plagiarismplagiarism

• At the beginning of the first sentence in At the beginning of the first sentence in which you quote, paraphrase, or summarize, which you quote, paraphrase, or summarize, make it clear that what comes next is make it clear that what comes next is someone else's idea someone else's idea

http://www.writing.northwestern.edu/avoiding_plagiarism.html

Avoiding PlagiarismAvoiding PlagiarismAvoiding PlagiarismAvoiding Plagiarism

If you are worried about being accused of If you are worried about being accused of plagiarism, your best defense is to…plagiarism, your best defense is to…

• Do your own workDo your own work

• Keep careful track of your sources and Keep careful track of your sources and notesnotes

• Understand everything you have writtenUnderstand everything you have written

• Finally, acknowledge those who contribute Finally, acknowledge those who contribute to your workto your work

Avoiding Plagiarism Avoiding Plagiarism • attribute references • describe all sources of information • give acknowledgments • provide footnotes • use quotation marks wherever required • paraphrase the original, attributed work • for extensive quotations, obtain permission from the

publisher of the original work • avoid self-plagiarism by taking permission from the

publisher of the previous article authored by you • obtain permission for use of published drawings or

other illustrations

PunishmentsPunishments

Plagiarism may result in serious sanctions, including

• public disclosure, • loss of research funding, • loss of professional stature and• termination of employment• legal action against the individual's

committing plagiarism

Real Life ConsequencesReal Life Consequences

• Prof. B. S. Rajput VC of Kumaon University and colleagues in the field of Theoretical Physics, had to resign after being found guilty of copying from a paper published by a Stanford University scientist, in Physical Review.

• C.K. Raju charged Michael Atiyah, former President of the Royal Society, UK, of plagiarising or claiming inappropriate credit to some of his previously published ideas.


Jon Bon Jovi Being Sued for $400 Billion for Plagiarismof a song’s lyrics


• H. Rangaswami and Colleagues from the group of Dr. Gopal Kundu have misrepresented data in a paper published in Journal of Biological Chemistry. The allegation was that they had rehashed the same set of data which they had published earlier

• Dr Mashelkar has been accused by a British IPR expert Dutfield about verbatim copying of his 1996 paper in Dr Mashelkar's 2004 book "Intellectual Property and Competitive Strategies in the 21st Century" which he co-authored with Shahid Ali Khan.

Say No to PlagiarismSay No to Plagiarism

When in doubt, cite it!


Beware

You may find your name and photo here

Conclusion… Conclusion…The librarian role can be:

• To develop Web pages, guides for proper citation and plagiarism• To offer checking services to its users and faculty• To educate the users and faculty, through library users training

programme.

Final steps to addressing plagiarism problem are:

• Acknowledge the problem• Universally define plagiarism• Increase its awareness among masses• Prevent (Create an Academic Integrity Policy/ Adjust assignments)• Develop a method for catching/screening• Be a good role model

Contact me at:Ph: 9891 310 600, 9654 36 9654 Email: [email protected]

plagiarism

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