PKC and Memory Manhasset Science Research Paris Thatos.
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Transcript of PKC and Memory Manhasset Science Research Paris Thatos.
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PKC and Memory
Manhasset Science Research
Paris Thatos
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NeedLong-term trend in drug-related deaths
(Gotz, 2004)
Percentage of People Experiencing a Mental Disorder in their Lives
(Gallaher, 2007)
Fig 1. Shows trend in drug related deaths. Fig 2. A graph showing % of people experiencing mental disorders
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Long Term Potentiation The complex chemical processes that form long-term memories (Cook, 2006)
(Kanehisa, 1999)Fig. 3 The Process of Long Term Potentiation
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PKC (Protein Kinase C)
Has many isoforms (PKMzeta,PKMa)(Abel, 2004)
Fig 4. Process of PKC interaction in Long term Potentiation
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Olfactory Memory Capacity of the Cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus
Yukihisa Matsumoto, Biology Letters
Yukihisa Matsumoto
Fig 5. Olfactory Preferences of crickets trained to associate Scent A with water reward and Scent B with saline punishment
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Bisindolylmaleimide is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PKC
Dominique Toullec, The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Toullec, 2005
Fig 6. The concentrations of PKC when exposed to Bisindolylmaleimide, and the concentrations of a PKC isotype
The levels of PKC and PKAThe levels of PKC and PKA
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Formation of Long-term Olfactory Memory in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus Makoto Mizunami,
2005, Chem. Senses
Makoto, 2006
Fig 7. A diagram of the head of the cricket. Brain (In blue) is where PKC is believed to be contained in.
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PKMzeta maintains spatial, instrumental and classically conditioned Long term memories
Peter Serano, Todd C. Sacktor
PLoS Biology
(Morris, 2004)
Fig. 8. The Water Maze in a rat. 1st trial to eigth trial, when the rat has successfully memorized the path to the platform
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Purpose/Hypothesis
The purpose of this experiment is to see whether Bisindolymaleide disrupts long term memories in Gryllus Bimaculatus when treated with it pre- and post- conditioning
It is hypothesized that with all administeringings of Bisindolymaleide, the formation of memories will be inhibited
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Grasshopper (Gryllus Bimaculatus) n=120
Statistically analyzed with a T-test (to find statistic significance) followed by a Scheffe post-hoc test (p<o.o5)
Trained to associate one scent with reward and one scent with
punishmentAlso, trained to run 塗 eat maze�
Control group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solution Variable group n=30
Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solution (+)
Variable group n=305Min water
Variable group n=30Reward/Punishment for scent test is water/saline solution (+5M), also 5Min water supply
Time spent on each scent is recorded for all groups, and time spent finding cool spot in heat maze also recorded
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Protocol Gryllus Bimaclatus scent conditioning Obtaining specific concentration of
Bisindolylmaleimide Exposure to scents to test whether negative or
positive connotations were preserved Recording of time spent on top of each conditioned
scent
Scent Conditioning Scent Testing
(Matsumoto, 2006)
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Budget
VendorCatalog
# page/website Description Quantty Unit $ Total $
EMDbiosciences 203290
http://www.emdbiosciences.com
Bisindolylmaleimide I 1 $40.00 $40.00
Carolina 143550 http://carolina.com/Crickets (Living
Adults) 1 $6.75 $6.75
Carolina 143565 http://carolina.com/ House Cricket Food 2 $6.25 $12.50
Carolina 695145 http://carolina.com/ Sense of Smell Kit 1 $49.25 $49.25
Carolina 199606 http://carolina.com/ Plastic Syringe 1 $3.85 $3.85
Carolina 198697 http://carolina.com/ Distilled Water 1 $6.75 $6.75
Carolina 721207 http://carolina.com/ Pyrex Beaker 100ml 4 $3.65 $14.60
Total = $133.70
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Do-ability Materials already stocked in lab:
Plastic Syringe
Water
Sodium Chloride
Pyrex Beaker
Materials not stocked can be obtained, and protocols are not particularly complex
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Bibliography Olton, D.S., & Samuelson, R.J. (1976). Remembrance of places passed: Spatial memory in
rats. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 2, 97-116. Ling D, Benardo L, Serrano P, Blace N, Kelly M, Crary J, Sacktor T (2002). "Protein kinase
Mzeta is necessary and sufficient for LTP maintenance". Nat. Neurosci. 5 (4): 295-6. Serrano P, Yao Y, Sacktor T (2005). "Persistent phosphorylation by protein kinase Mzeta
maintains late-phase long-term potentiation". J Neurosci 25 (8): 1979-84. Pastalkova E, Serrano P, Pinkhasova D, Wallace E, Fenton A, Sacktor T (2006). "Storage of
spatial information by the maintenance mechanism of LTP". Science 313 (5790): 1141-4 Cooke SF, Bliss TV (2006). "Plasticity in the human central nervous system". Brain 129 (Pt 7):
1659-73 Boron, Walter F. (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach.
Elsevier/Saunder Clugnet, MC; LeDoux JE (01 Aug 1990). "Synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning circuits:
induction of LTP in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala by stimulation of the medial geniculate body." (PDF). J Neurosci 10 (8): 2818-24.
Sweatt J (1999). "Toward a molecular explanation for long-term potentiation". Learn Mem 6 (5): 399-416.
Toullec, Bisindolylmaleimide is a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PKC, Biology Letters, p15711 – 15781
Olfactory Memory Capacity of the Cricket Gryllus Bimaculatus, Matsumoto, Biology Letters, volume 4, p608 - 610