Pig Nutrition - Darlington Pig Discussion...
Transcript of Pig Nutrition - Darlington Pig Discussion...
Pig Nutrition: Principles and Recent Breakthroughs
Paul Toplis, Ian Wellock & Pete Wilcock
Primary Diets
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Maximise net margin/pig place/annum • Cost of production • Throughput/Carcase value
• Nutritionist • Maximise lean tissue growth rate • Minimise back fat • Minimise nutrient waste • Minimise feed cost • Minimise digestive disturbance & vices • Maximise skeletal development
Commercial Nutritionist Objective – Profit!
• 1996 vs 2011 Formula – Select/Classic (Jan 2011)
Primary Diets R&D Delivers
1996 2011 %Improvement
Wean weight (kg) 8.09 8.09
Weight gain (kg) 4.89a 5.81b 18.9
ADFI (g/d) 313a 327b 4.5
ADG (g/d) 244a 290b 18.9
FCR 1.29a 1.13b 12.5
Cost of gain (£/kg) 0.88 0.77 11.4
MOF (£/pig) +1.00
•Continuous improvements
– >1% ADG/year
– ≈ <0.5% ADFI/year
– ≈ 1% FCR/year
– <90p/pig extra MOF (1996 vs 2011)
•Occasional breakthroughs!
Primary Diets R&D Delivers
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd BREEDING HERD
PERFORMANCE DETAILS (2008)
•Born Alive 12.4 •Born Dead 0.8 •Weaned 9.8 •Farrowing Index 2.34 •Weaned P/S/Y 22.9 •Sold P/S/Y 21.75
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Feeding level (kg/day) Ovulation
rate Total
embryos Embryo
survival (%) Day
1 - 3
Day
3 - 15
1.9 1.9 14.5 12.4 86
2.5 1.9 14.9 11.5 77
2.6 2.6 14.9 10.2 67
(Jindal et al. 1996)
Decreased feed intake in early gestation embryo survival - gilts
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
(Jindal et al., 1996)
Post service feeding affects embryo survival
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Muscle fibre numbers fixed at birth Muscle fibre numbers determine protein deposition Embryo < day 50 Primary muscle fibres Foetus > day 50 Secondary muscle fibres (d50-85) Several experiments compared 3-5kg v 2.2-2.5kg. When fed days 25-50 an increase in muscle fibres seen When fed days 25/45-85 an increase in growth seen (nursery or > day 70)
When fed ad libitum – no improvements seen?
50 an increase in muscle fibres seen85 an increase in growth seen
no improvements seen?
Nutrition during pregnancy
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
•Muscle fibre numbers determine protein deposition •Carnitine fed at 50mg/kg increased Primary muscle fibres and lean meat percentage at slaughter
•Recommend check feed levels above 2.5kg day 0-40 (day 14-40 for gilt). Consider 50mg/kg Carnitine.
Nutrition during pregnancy
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
AA AR RA Mean feed intake (kg/day) Day 1 - 21 4.07a 4.12a 2.13b Day 22 - 28 5.26a 2.62b 5.20a Lactational weight loss (kg) 11.0a 21.1b 24.8b Lactational backfat loss (mm) 2.2a 4.6b 5.4b Ovulation rate 19.9a 15.4b 15.4b Embryo survival (%) 87.5b 64.4a 86.5b Wean to oestrus interval (hours) 88.7a 122.3b 134.7b
Zak et al, 1997
Effects of pattern of feed intake in lactation on post weaning fertility in first lactation gilts
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Large Medium Small
Distribution of follicles %
Follicle size class
LLMLHL
(Yang et al., 2000)
Effect of lysine fed in lactation on follicle quality
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
•Encourage high feed intake – Fit not fat – Temperature – Water
• Importance of dietary protein – Reduced weight loss – Improved weaning to service interval – Increased size of next litter – Effect of genotype – Must be balanced with energy
>14.0 MJDE/kg >1.0 % lysine Brian 1.15% lys
Nutrition during lactation
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Improvements in weaning weight
– Average of 7.95% improvement in weaning weight • Reduction in Pre-Weaning Mortality
– Extra 0.75 pigs per annum per sow based on average 12 pigs born
• Improved lactation sow feed intake
– Critical in high temps when feed intake can be reduced
•Numerical reduction in % returns • Improved immune status of piglets born from live yeast supplemented feed
– Potential reason for lower pre-weaning mortality – Potential reason for better subsequent nursery
performance • Live Yeasts bind E Coli and Salmonella reducing pathogenic load on lactating sow
Live yeast benefits - Lactation
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Benefits of Live Yeast
– Improved pre-weaning growth – Improved sow feed intake – Increased weaning weight – Numerically reduced pre-weaning
mortality
Summary
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Primary Diets are evaluating the
Supple-milk System
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Evaluation of Supp-le-Milk system (and milk)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
•Can we improve piglet survival, health and growth through use of milk system?
– Is it economical (birth to slaughter)? – Benefits to piglets and sow?
Evaluation of Supp-le-Milk system (and milk)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Milk vs Non-milk • 14 litters per treatment
– Same room and management – Cross foster within treatment only – Balanced for sow parity
• Measurements – Birth weight, number alive/dead
• (individual piglet ID) – Fostering, medication, reason for deaths etc – Wean weight / number – Milk and creep usage – Sow condition; start and end of lactation and service date – Full economic analysis (birth to slaughter + sow)
Evaluation of Supp-le-Milk system (and milk)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Freq
uenc
y
Weight (kg)
Distribution of weaning weights milk vs non-milk
WW milk
WW non-milk
Normal dist milk
Normal dist non-milk
Didn’t wean a load of runts!!
Supple-milk: Weaning weight
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Headline results so far....... – +0.5 pigs/litter weaned
• (11.3 vs 11.8); Pre-wean mortality (16.7 vs 13.0 %) – +0.33 kg/pig weaning weight
• (7.56 vs 7.89 kg @ 26.0 Days of age) – + 9 kg/litter increased weight gain
• (65.4 vs 74.4 kg) – Quicker return to service (-0.13 days)
Evaluation of Supp-le-Milk system (and milk)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
-26 -24 -22 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0
litre
s
Day Pre-weaning
Milk per weaned pig (used) CUMULATIVE
Milk per litter (used) CUMULATIVE
50% 50%
Total milk usage
4 2 0
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd Creep Feeding: FEEDING REGIME
Creep feeding: • Day 7 to 13: Primary Gruel No.1 (high milk) + Peat • Day 13 to 21: Farrowing 500 • Day 21 to 28 (weaning): Elite • Achieves:
– 0.5 kg/pig intake between day 7 and 21 – >300 g/d creep intake by weaning – <2% pre-weaning mortality – Uniform piglets at weaning – Reduces growth check at weaning – High staff morale – >9 kg average weaning weight!
CREEP FEEDING INVESTMENT
• Improves weaning weight
– Larger with later weaning
– Important with higher no. of pigs per litter
• Improves post-weaning performance
– Pigs that consume creep perform better post-weaning irrespective of weaning weight
Creep Feeding Benefits
Weaning Weight (kg) impact on weight at slaughter
82.2
89.1
95.1
99.6103.7
80
85
90
95
100
105
4.8 5 5.5 5.9 6.3
Weaning Weight (kg)
Wei
ght (
kg) a
t Day
140
Weaning Weight Importance
6.3
Ref: Cooper el al 2001
Weaning Weight Importance
A 1 kg improvement in weaning weight will improveweight at slaughter by 4 kg
PIGS EATING BEFORE WEANING PERFORM BETTER AFTER WEANING
80
580
1080
1580
2080
2580
3080
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600Feed intake - During Lactation (g/piglet)
Feed
Inta
ke (g
/pig
) afte
r wea
ning
REMEMBER: Higher creep feed intake = Higher post-wean feed intake
Ref: Kuller et al, 2005
Typical creep feed consumption = very low
Ref: Bruininx et al 2002
73 98
150
254
377
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
11 to 18 11 to 20 11 to 22 11 to 25 11 to 28
Cum
ulat
ive
cree
p fe
ed in
take
(g
/pig
let)
How many piglets eat creep?
Ref: Sulabo el al 2010
13.8 25.8
60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
% P
igle
ts p
er li
tter
Days of age
Percentage of Eaters
40 % have eaten nothing at weaning
Lighter piglets consume more creep
Creep introduced on day 18
Ref: Subalo et al. 2009
83
65 62
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Light Middle Heavy
% E
atin
g at
Wea
ning
Lighter piglets suckle on the back (least productive) teats
Creep introduced on day 18
Ref: Subalo et al. 2009
Heaviest Piglets
Lightest Piglets
38
57 52
62
43 48
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Front Middle Back
% e
ater
s at w
eani
ng
Teat location
Eaters Non-Eaters
47
25 23
83
65 62
0102030405060708090
Light Pigs Middle Pigs Heavy Pigs Light Pigs Middle Pigs Heavy Pigs
% o
f gro
up ea
ting
COMPLEX FEED INCREASES NO. OF EATERS ESPECIALLY IN LIGHT PIG CATEGORY
SIMPLE FEED COMPLEX FEED
POST-WEANING PIG PERFORMANCE – 28 DAYS POST WEANING
a
b
ab
•PRE-WEANING EATERS IMPROVES POST-WEANING PERFORMANCE •PUTTING PRE-WEANING EATERS WITH NON-EATERS (LITTLE EFFECT)
Ref. Subalo et al 2010
Pigs eating creep feed improves post-wean performance
Ref: Sulabo el al 2008
Early Weaning - 21 days
370 370
390
360
370
380
390
400
No Creep
Non Eaters
Eaters
Feed Regime
ADG
Post
-Wea
n (g
/day
)
Later Weaning - 28 days
499491
535
480
490
500
510
520
530
540No C
reep
Non Eaters
Eaters
Feed Regime
ADG
Pos
t-Wea
n (g
/day
)
Ref: Bruininx el al 2002
HOW DO YOU STIMULATE CREEP FEEDING ? • Keep the feed fresh and clean • In late weaned piglets > 24 days start creep feeding at 10-14 days • In early weaned piglets < 24 days start creep feeding at 5 to 7 days • Offer creep feed on a flat surface (solid floor or shallow tray) • Place creep close to pigs but not under heat source • Keep feed away from muck area • Start with small amounts and replace at least twice per day (uneaten creep remove) • Offer creep when sow is feeding as baby pigs are active and will not get suckled for some time • Do NOT overfeed – feed to appetite • Introduce small troughs or top up trays if litters eating well • Thoroughly clean fouled trays • Improve water availability as this will increase feed intake • Maintain freshness by storing creep diet in cool place and always roll down the top of the bag to prevent unit odour being taken into feed • Remember if creep is being consumed it STILL does not mean all pigs are consuming creep • Use gruel feeding when needed to increase intake • Use high digestible starter feed
Initiate 4: Does it work? Introducing Initiate 4
Initiate 4: Does it work? Introducing Initiate 4
INITIATE 4 improved performance on 4 out of 5 trials, giving an overall benefit at weaning of:
• + 0.6 piglets/litter (7 % increase)
• - 5 % mortality (36 % reduction)
• + 8 kg litter weight (12.2 % heavier litters)
• + 400 g piglet weight (4.8 % heavier piglets)
• + 0.6 kg/litter (+ 56 g/piglet) creep eaten (31 % more)
• The return on investment is likely at least 10:1 (-80p &+£8/litter)
Initiate 4: Does it work? Introducing Initiate 4
Post-weaning performance
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 10 20 30 40
Days post-weaning
Bod
y w
eigh
t (kg
)
Brian TargetAverage
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd
Day 0-19= 464 g/d, Day 0-40 = 545g/d
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd Pre-starter/Starter: FEEDING REGIME
Blends between diets (total 9 kg/pig) Wean at approx 9 kg! (9 to approx 17 kg) >1 kg/pig intake in first 3 days post-weaning (375g/d)
Diet kg/pig Lysine, % ME, MJ/kg
Elite 2 1.75(1.6) 17.3
Classic 4 1.6(1.6) 15.6
Accord 3 1.5(1.38) 14.9
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
If they don’t eat they don’t grow!
• 1.60 vs 1.50% Lysine (@ 100g/d intake) • +0.1 g/d lysine
• 150 vs 100 g/d intake (@ 1.5% lysine)
• +0.75 g/d lysine
Piglet Nutrition Principles (feeding the piglet)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
Wei
ght (
kg)
Age (days)
High Health
Typical Health
Poor Health
What is average UK performance?
Primary Diets Commercial Trials 2008-present
Primary Competitor All Competitor AllCompetitor All
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154
Wei
ght (
kg)
Age (days)
High Health
Typical Health
Poor Health
100
110 What is average UK performance?
Primary Diets Commercial Trials 2008-present
Primary Competitor BPEX BPEX
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Lysine (aa balanced)requirements in 3 periods – Starter (4 to 7 weeks of age; approx 8 to 15 kg) – Grower (7 to 12 weeks of age; approx 15 to 40 kg) – Finisher (12 to 23 weeks of age; approx 40 to 100 kg)
In association with University of Leeds, breed companies, BPEX
Hampshire vs Pietrain vs Large White
Genotype Requirements/Comparison
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Starter trial – Performance: Large White > Hampshire > Pietrain – Lysine: 1.6% gave best performance (1.42 to 1.82%) – No breed by diet interaction
• Grower trial – Performance: Hampshire > Large White / Pietrain – Lysine: 1.38% gave best performance (1.05 to 1.55%) – No breed by diet interaction
• Finisher trial – Performance: Hampshire > Large White > Pietrain – Lysine: 1.0% gave best performance (0.8 to 1.4%) – No breed by diet interaction In association with University of Leeds, BPEX & ABN
Genotype Requirements/Comparison
Diet Weight range (kg) Lysine, % DE, MJ/kg (NE)
1 BPEX
20-30 15-40
1.5 1.38
15 (10.5)
2 BPEX
30-60 40-100
1.4 1.0
14.5 (10.2)
3 60-110 40-100
1.3 1.0
14 (9.9)
Lactator 1.15 1.0
14 (10)
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd Grower/Finisher: Feeding regime
Post-weaning performance
0102030405060708090
100
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Days post-weaning
Bod
y w
eigh
t (kg
)
Brian TargetAverage
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd
Day 0-108 = 695 g/d (144 days post-weaning to 110 kg) (172 doa, 24.5 wk)
Brian UK Av Poland Av
ADG wean-SL, g/d 718 638 575
FCR, wean-SL 2.2 2.7 3.2
Post-weaning Mortality, % 5.2 5.6 (5.9)
Slaughter weight (kg) 110 102 113
Carcase weight (kg) 87 77.1 86
Killing Out % 79 75.9 (75)
P2, mm 9 (5-12) 11 (12+)
Lean meat % 63.1 (59.3-65.6)
61.6 54.5
Worsall Manor Farms Ltd Finishing Herd Performance
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
‘Superdosing’
Lets go back to the start....
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Piglets respond to increase in dig. phosphorus
y = 0.9258x + 255.73R² = 0.9995310
320
330
340
350
360
370
60 70 80 90 100 110 120
ADG
, g/d
% Relative dig P
Primary Diets trial: PLTR 148
Linear regression; P = 0.04
Unlocking ‘Superdosing’: Phosphorus is beneficial
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Phytase (low-P diet) Phytase (low-P diet) + 3000 mg/kg ZnO
Lizardo et al., 2004
Phytase (low -ve ZnO x exogenous phytase interaction
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
How to overcome negative effects of ZnO? – Add high ‘Superdose’ levels of phytase??
• At what P/Ca levels?
>10 trials conducted at University of Leeds to date – (> 40 contrasts and 3 years of work)
Discovering ‘Superdosing’
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Control >1000 FTU >2000 FTU DIFFERENCE (columns 3-1)
ADFI (g/d) 375 373 363 -12 g/d (3%)
ADG (g/d) 308 315 322 +14 g/d (4%)
FCR 1.22a 1.18ab 1.13b -0.09 (7%)
END WEIGHT (kg) 14.06 14.21 14.37 +0.31 (4%)
1 week of PRE-STARTER followed by 2 weeks of STARTER (+3.1kg ZnO)
Primary Diets trial: PLTR 157
‘Superdosing’ trial PLTR 157
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
More than just releasing phosphorus
BREAK THROUGH IN IMPROVING DIGESTIBILITY
(decrease in anti-nutritional factors: phytate?)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
‘Superdosing’ was born!
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Phos(&Ca) RELEASE REMOVAL OF PHYTATE AS AN ANTINUTRIENT
ONE ENZYME TWO FUNCTIONS
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
No soya Soya 0 FTU/kg 1250 FTU/kg 2500 FTU/kg
Inci
denc
e of
scou
r • 3 Weeks Post-Weaning Performance • No significant differences with Soyabean level • Significant improvement with Phytase (P<0.006)
Results - Scour
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
How best to feed piglets: Diet Specification •For typical diet specs see:
– Kansas State – http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/library/lvstk2/mf2300.pdf
Table 3. Minimum true ileal digestible (TID) amino acids relative to lysinea. (BSAS, SID) Lysine 100 (100) Isoleucine 55 (58) Methionine 28 (30) Met & Cys 58 (59) Threonine 62 (65)(150)(79) Tryptophan 16.5 (19)(40)(25) Valine 65 (70)
To use this table, first a dietary TID lysine level is set, then multiply the lysine content by the percentage for a particular amino acid. That value should be the minimum concentration for that amino acid. For example, if a diet contains 1.5% TID lysine, the minimum isoleucine level should be at least 0.825%.
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Increasing Phytase
• Improves FCR and ADG
• Reduced scour treatments
• Improved Margin Over Feed
Conclusions
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
What has this delivered in the UK?
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Old Ultra
2010 Ultra
P-Value
Difference (%)
Start weight (kg) 7.19 7.18 - - -
ADFI (g/d) 343 362 0.304 +19 (6%)
ADG (g/d) 306 338 0.087 +32 (10%)
FCR 1.13 1.07 0.093 -0.06 (5%)
End weight (kg) 13.33 13.94 0.105 +0.61 (10%)
€/kg gain 0.92 0.81 <0.001 -0.09 (12%)
1 week of PRE-STARTER followed by 2 weeks of STARTER (+ZnO)
Primary Diets trial: PLTR 175 (Dec/Jan 2010)
Old vs New Ultra (launched Mar 2010)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
New Ultra vs Old Ultra gave: – 10% improvement in gain – 5% improvement in FCR – 12% reduction in cost per kg weight gain
What’s this worth? – + £0.86 extra margin per pig – + £125 extra margin per tonne of feed
Superdosing + low phytate nutrition
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Making commercial decisions Feeding the UK
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Nutrient Density (concentration)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
-5% Control +5%
DE (MJ/kg) 12.8 13.5 14.2
Lysine (%) 0.95 1.00 1.05
FCR 2.94 2.8 2.66
Feed price (£/t) 193 220 245
Cost/kg LW gain (p) 56.7 61.6 65.2
Nutrient Density – an example
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Nutrient Density. My prediction! •Less use of high density diets •Lower density diets becoming increasingly cost effective – especially at higher weights. •The end of a ‘cafe life style’
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Piglet Nutrition Principles (feeding the piglet) 1. Get them to eat 2. Give them the right diets 3. Give them the right amount of the right diets 4. Feed them right (feeder management) 5. Water them right (flow rate, drinker provision) 6. House them right (e.g. temp, light, ventilation) 7. Manage then right (e.g. vaccinations, mixing)
Get them to eat!
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Modern pigs (and piglets) don’t eat Blame the breeders!
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6 19
80
1981
19
82
1983
19
84
1985
19
86
1987
19
88
1989
19
90
1991
19
92
1993
19
94
1995
19
96
1997
19
98
1999
20
00
2001
20
02
2003
20
04
2005
20
06
2007
ADF
I, kg
/d
Landrace
Large White
Adapted from SUISAG, 2007
(30 to 100 kg BW)
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Vaccination brings big improvements but may also bring some difficulties
‘These data indicate that PCV2 and M.hyo vaccination can independently reduce feed intake and performance of nursery pigs.’ Potter et al.
‘These results are similar to those of previous experiments that demonstrated that vaccination reduced performance in the nursery stage but improved
performance in the finisher stage.’ Bergstrom et al.
‘Both willingness to approach (the feeder) and feed consumption
significantly decreased suggesting both may be useful parameters for assessing vaccine reactivity (side effects).’ Baument et al.
Other health/feed issues: Vaccination
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Ave
rage
Dai
ly F
eed
Inta
ke (g
/day
)
Days Post-Weaning
Experimental conditions
Conventional Health (CH)
Upper range (CH)
Lower range (CH)
Target intake: How much should they eat?
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Ave
rage
Dai
ly F
eed
Inta
ke (g
/day
)
Days Post-Weaning
Actual intake: Individual variation
Wellock, Unpublished data, SAC
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Actual intake: How much do they eat? •Million dollar question #2: nobody records... •What is average?
– Outdoor vs indoor bred – Straw vs Slats – Breed differences – Health status
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
• Average UK performance? • >100 commercial trials in past 3 years:
• 7.73 kg at weaning • 15.0 kg at 22.5 days post-weaning • ADG = 306 g/d • ADFI = 396 g/d (total 8.9 kg/pig) • FCR = 1.29
Actual intake: How much do they eat?
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Ave
rage
Dai
ly F
eed
Inta
ke (g
/day
)
Days Post-Weaning
Experimental conditions Conventional Health (CH) Upper range (CH) Lower range (CH)
800
Average UK performance: Intake
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
How to increase intake: Management •Creep feeding •Weaning Age •Feeder space/trough design •Light •Temperature •Water
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Summary •Gilts Care Post Service •Pregnancy Grow Muscle fibres •Lactation Never Restrict Feed Intake or stall appetite •Creep Feed It is an Investment •Starter Feed Quantity & Quality(+SuperDosing) •Grow/Finish Nutrient Concentration
Work with a Nutritionist Misc Salmonella Antimicrobial Use Dysentery
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Deep thought and intense work
1% inspiration : 99% hard graft
Innovation: ‘Superdosing’
Piglet Nutrition: Principles and recent breakthroughs
Acknowledgments
Thank you for listening!