PIERALISI Deutschland GmbH Biodiesel Workshop 1 May 15,...

PIERALISI Deutschland GmbHMay 15, 2006

Biodiesel Workshop 1



Biodiesel PIERALISI Group Knowledge Base



Why BIODIESELResources- limited resources of petroleum and natural gas,- unequal distribution of this resources:-- Petroleum 78% in OPEC area,-- natural gas 32% Russia, 39% OPEC.

Price- price for petrolum is constantly rising,- price is influenced by many almost un-controlable factors.



Why BIODIESEL (cont‘d)Environment- fully renewable energy, does not entail CO2 emission,- CO2 emission from transport sector expected

to keep rising worldwide, biofuels are the only alternative.

Human health- reduction of partiuculate matter emission- Biodiesel particulate is much less cancerogenic

Security and Independence of supply- transport sector almost 100% depending on oil

Rural development



Biodiesel ProductionToday Europe is the biggest Producer of Biodiesel (2004: > 2 mt), mainlyGermany, France and Italy.

Legislation in the EU (triggered by the Kyoto-Protocoll) is boosting Biodiesel production (B5).

Big development in the US (today ~ 1/10th of the EU production)

Biodiesel program in Brazil

Biodiesel is a way to acchieve development in manycountries: investment programs in Malaysia, India, Philipines Thailand, Australia, Canada...



Biodiesel ProductionToday Europe is the biggest Producer of Biodiesel ....



..... and biodiesel production capacity in the US will have to double by 2010 to keep up with demand....



..... Demand and sales are predicted to increase a lot....



ConclutionsBiodiesel and biofuels are the only way to reduce emmisons from the transport sector.

Biodiesel industry is well established in EU and will continue to increase it‘s production.

Biodiesel is becoming a worldwide reality.

Production capacity worldwide is expected to triple in the next5 years.

So, there is definitely a market for PIERALISI to devellop



Vision 2010Legislation: 5,75 % Market-share of biofules in 2010

In consequence: 100 new Biofuel plants will be needed only in the EU.

Approx. 40 new Biodiesel plants with a capacity of 100.000 t/y and 60 new Bioethanol plants also with capacity of 100.000 t/y .

Investment will be approx. 3 bn Euro !

USA will act accordingly.



Most probably this vehicle will never be powered by BIODIESEL



.....but this one IS already !

.....and its a FERRARI too !



Biodiesel Basics, Process, Sources, ....



Outline

Biodiesel – what‘s that?

Biodiesel – how it‘s made

Biodiesel – Process Steps

Biodiesel – Process Variants

Biodiesel – Influences from TriglycerideSource



Outline









Biodiesel – what‘s that ?

Biodiesel is:

A result of the Transesterification of Triglycerides.

A mixture of Methylesters of different Fatty Acids (FA).

Produced via a viriaty of processes and process-technologies.

Produced from a wide variety of natural triglyceride sources.

A fuel which is able to partly substitute the mineral diesel fuel.




Biodiesel is defined as the mono-alkyl esters offatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. In simple terms, biodiesel is the product you get when avegetable oil or animal fat is chemically reacted with analcohol to produce a new compound that is known as a fatty acid alkyl ester.

A catalyst such as sodium or potassium hydroxide is required.

Glycerol is produced as a by-product.




Biodiesel Process Target

Amongst others, the main target of the process is

to drop the viscosity of the triglycerides (oil/fat; example rapeseed oil 74 mm²/s)

to the level of mineral diesel fuels (2 - 7 mm²/s at 20 °C)

to make it suitable for the injection system of serial diesel engines.




The approximate proportions of the reaction are:

100 kg of oil + 10 kg of methanol

100 kg of biodiesel + 10 kg of glycerol




Biodiesel can be made from triglycedride sources like:

1. Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, corn oil, canola(an edible variety of rapeseed) oil, cottonseed oil,mustard oil, palm oil, etc.

2. Restaurant waste oils such as frying oils

3. Animal fats such as beef tallow or pork lard.

4. Trap grease (from restaurant grease traps), floatgrease (from waste water treatment plants), etc.



Outline





Biodiesel – Influences from Triglyceride Source

Biodiesel – how it‘s made?



It is not necessary to be a chemist to understand wherebiodiesel comes from and how it is used.

However, it is useful to review some of the fundamentalchemical principles that are behind biodiesel to give a better understanding of the production process and the properties of this „green fuel“.

Biodiesel – Transesterification of Triglycerides



All vegetable oils and animal fats consist primarily of triglyceridemolecules as shown below.

A three carbon chain called „glycerol backbone“runs along the left side of the molecule.


Extending away from this backbone are the three long fatty acid chains.



Note that this molecule contains the ester group three times. Thus, it is called a triester.

Sometimes people refer to the reaction that converts oil or fat(triglyceride) to methyl esters (biodiesel) as "esterification" as if the reaction were converting something that is not an ester into an ester.

In reality, the reaction converts one type of ester into another type ofester. This is why the reaction is corectly named Transesterification.





Transesterification is the process of reacting a triglyceridemolecule with an excess of alcohol in the presence of acatalyst (KOH, NaOH, NaOCN3, etc.) to produce fatty esters and glycerin. The chemical reaction with methanol is schematically shown below.

Triglyceride + methanol fatty esters + glycerol



Outline









Energea Demonstrastion and production facility Zistersdorf, Austria



The Biodiesel Process – an Overview

Important Note:

The process shown (and subsequently the all process steps) is only one out of a variety of different process variants utilised to produceBiodiesel.

Discussing with the client, will result in an altered process scheme meeting the individual needs and reflecting the regional and political conditions.




The reaction is reversible !

As long as we have excess methanol present, we are forcing the reaction to the methyl ester side !

Crude Oil

Methanol

Catalyst

Trans-esterifi-cation

p-FA-MEMethanol

Glycerine




Reaction rate

Reaction: proceeding through time from reactants to product

Extent ofReaction

Time




Transesterification reaction will proceed atambient temperture (21°C), but needs 4 – 8 hoursto come to completion.

Reaction time shortend to 2 – 4 h at ~ 40 °C and 1 –2 hour at 60 °C.

Higher temp. will further decrease reaction time but requires pressure vessels due to methanol boiling at 65 °C.

High shear is also decreasing necessary reaction time.



The Biodiesel Process –

Separation after Transesterification

After the Transesterification reaction has taken place, two major products exist: Glycerine and fatty acid methly ester (Biodiesel) both containing a substantial amount of excess methanol that was used in the reaction.

Using difference in specific gravity, the Glycerine phase and the Biodiesel phase can be separated.

As an example this separation could be achieved in a fast separation process with high efficiency using Pieralisi Vertical Disc Separator.



The Biodiesel Process –

Separation after Transesterification

Solids

ρ p-FA-ME, ME: ~ 880 kg/m³

ρ Glycerine, ME: ~ 1050 kg/m³

p-FA-MEMethanol

Glycerine(10%)

p-FA-MEMethanol

GlycerineMethanol

In case of ideal reaction, no solids will be present.

(Traces of Solids)

~ 50-70°C

Nitro

gen

blan

kete

d

p-FA-ME: partly esterified FA-methyl ester



The Biodiesel Process – Washing

Once separated from the Glycerine, the Biodiesel is sometimes purified by gently washing with warm water.

This step results in the removal of residual catalyst and soaps.

After the addition and the mixing with water, the two-phase mixture can easily be separated by Pieralisi Vertical Disc Separator Centrifuges.




Biodiesel

Solids

WashingBiodiesel

ρ Biodiesel ~ 880 kg/m³

ρ Water, ME: ~ 960 kg/m³

BiodieselMethanol

Water,3 – 6%,acidified

Impurities:•Soaps•Triglycerides•Ions•Phosphates

Water(~ < 3500 ppm)Methanol

WaterMethanol

Usually no solids present.

(Traces of Solids)

~ > 40° C

Nitrogen blanketed



ATEX

EUROPE GERMANY USA PETROLEUM DIESELSpecification EN 14214:2003 DIN V 51606 ASTM D6751 EN 590:1999

Applies to FAME FAME FAAE Diesel

Density 15°C g/cm³ 0.86-0.90 0.875-0.90 0.82-0.845

Viscosity 40°C mm²/s 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 1.9-6.0 2.0-4.5

Distillation % @ °C 90%,360°C 85%,350°C - 95%,360°CFlashpoint °C 120 min 110 min 130 min 55 min

CFPP °C * country specific summer 0 spr/aut -10 winter -20 * country specific

Cloud point °C * report

Sulphur mg/kg 10 max 10 max 15 max 350 max

CCR 100% %mass 0.05 max 0.05 max

Carbon residue (10%dist.residue) %mass 0.3 max 0.3 max 0.3 max

Sulphated ash %mass 0.02 max 0.03 max 0.02 max

Oxid ash %mass 0.1 max

Water mg/kg 500 max 300 max 500 max 200 max Total contamination mg/kg 24 max 20 max 24 max

Cu corrosion max 3h/50°C 1 1 3 1

Oxidation stability hrs;110°C 6 hours min N/A (25 g/m3)

Cetane number 51 min 49 min 47 min 51 min

Acid value mgKOH /g 0.5 max 0.5 max 0.8 max

Methanol %mass 0.20 max 0.3 max

Ester content %mass 96.5 min

Monoglyceride %mass 0.8 max 0.8 max Diglyceride %mass 0.2 max 0.4 max

Triglyceride %mass 0.2 max 0.4 max

Free glycerol %mass 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max

Total glycerol %mass 0.25 max 0.25 max 0.24 max

Iodine value 120 max 115 max

Linolenic acid ME %mass 12 max

C(x:4) & greater unsaturated esters %mass 1 max

Phosphorus mg/kg 10 max 10 max 10 max

Alkalinity mg/kg 5 max

Gp I metals (Na,K) mg/kg 5 max

GpII metals (Ca,Mg) mg/kg 5 max

PAHs %mass 11 max

Lubricity / wear µm at 60°C 460 max

EUROPE GERMANY USA DIESEL

Water Content.... Part of Biodiesel specifications




In the Biodiesel, “different” Water portions are present:- free water,- emulsified water,- disolved water.

Biodiesel Specification: ASTM 6751-02, EN 14213 tells us: < 500 ppm water in the final product.

Question of anlysing method !

US ASTM D 2709: only free water by centrifuging

Europe ISO 12937: total water by Karl-Fischer titration.

Water Content....




Since Europe leads the biodiesel market, EN 14213 will be the specification to fulfill.

„Water“ means total waterTest Method will be Karl-Fischer.

We always refer to total water !

Note:There is an important difference between Biodiesel and mineral diesel:- Biodiesel can host disolved water !

Water Content....



The Biodiesel Process – Polishing

In some systems, the Biodiesel is distilled in an additional step to remove small amounts of “coloured bodies” to produce a colourless Biodiesel.

After the distillation, a final polishing may be required to minimise the amount of residual particles to comply with the setted standard.

These very fine particles cannot be removed by gravity, the extremely high g-force of more than 9.000 x “earth gravity” in PIERALISI Vertical Disc Clarifier Centrifuges is necessary.



The Biodiesel Process – Polishing

Solids

Biodiesel Biodiesel

In case of ideal processconditions, only traces solids will be present.



Glycerine acidification and potassium sulphate washing process IThe glycerine by-product contains unused catalyst, fatty acid and soaps that are neutralized with an acid. In some cases, the salt formed during this phase is recovered for use as fertilizer. The salt and fatty acid can be separated from the glycerine by Pieralisi 3-Phase Decanter Centrifuges to achieve a highly dehumidified salt.

Glycerine acidification and potassium sulphate washing process IIThe purity and dryness of the salt discharged in the potassium sulphate washing process I is sometimes not good enough for further treatment or selling to the buyer. In these cases, a washing of the solids with methanol in a remixing tank with a subsequent second liquid solid separation by a Pieralisi Decanter Centrifuge results in a white and dry fertilizer that can either be packed or dried for final use.

The Biodiesel Process – Neutralising / Catalyst Removal / Salt Washing



The Biodiesel Process – Neutralising / Catalyst Removal / Salt Washing

Sulphoric Acid

GlycerineMethanol

FFA

FFA

Methanol

Salt

Glycerine

MethanolSalt

pure Salt

MethanolImpurities

FFA

Methanol

Feed:-40 – 50% glycerin-20 – 30% free fatty acid-10 – 30% salt

Feed:-75% methanol-25% salt,

Light phase:-Fatty acid -3 - 5%-v/v Glycerin-< 0.5%-v/v salt

Heavy phase: -Glycerin with-1% -v/v fatty acidand < 1%-v/v salt

GlycerineMethanol

~ 40-50°C

Nitrogen blanketed



Outline









The transesterification reaction can be handled in different ways:

Batch type reaction,Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), single / multi-step,

Continuous Flow Pipe Reactor,

….

Let’s have a look !

The Biodiesel Process –Reaction Types



The Biodiesel Process – Reaction TypeM

Stirred tank batch reactor

P

Recirculating reactor

Extent ofReaction

Time

Progress

Reaction proceeding with time

100 % complete



The Biodiesel Process – Reaction Type

Extent ofReaction

Time*

Single operating point for CSTR

* Average hydraulicresidence time

100 % complete

Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor = CSTR

Crude Oil

Methanol

Catalyst

p-FA-MEMethanol

Glycerine

M




To acheive a complete reaction requires two or more stages.

p-FA-MEMethanol M

M

Methanol

BiodieselMethanol

Crude Oil

MethanolCatalyst

GlycerineMethanol

GlycerineMethanol

Extent ofReaction

Time*

100 % complete

1st. Stage, 2nd Stage




Extent ofReaction

Length

100 % complete

Reaction proceeds as the reactants move down the pipe.

Time

Reactants in

Products outCrude Oil

Methanol

Catalyst

BiodieselMethanol

GlycerineMethanol

Turbulent Flow




High Shear Multy Channel

Pumping the reactants trough small (high shear) channels

High Pressure Inlet



The Biodiesel Process –Batch vs. Continuous Flow

Batch type reaction provides better flexibility toadapt the process to different feedstocks.

Batch type reaction does not require a 24/7operation.

Continuous reaction is better suited for highvolume separation-equipment (centrifuges).

Batch type reaction is the better solution for smaller plants (capacity < 10-15.000 t/y).

Continuous reaction is the better solution for larger plants (capacity > 15.000 t/y).



Outline





Biodiesel – Influences from TriglycerideSourceBiodiesel – Influences from TriglycerideSource



Triglyceride Sources

Vegatable oils: soybean, canola, palm, etc.

Inedible oils: jatropha, etc.

Rendered animal fats: beef tallow, lard, chicken fat

Recovered materials: trap grease, soap-stock



Influences of Triglyceride source:Most important differences:

Saturation Level, FFA Level, Water Content, Phosphatide Level, Salt /solids level

High Saturation Level: Winterization

High FFA Level: Pre-esterification

High Water Content: Flash-Drying

High Phosphatide Level: Degumming

High Salt / Solids level: Fat-Washing



Influences of high Saturation Level :

Potential risk of forming crystals in theBiodiesel:

Out of specification.

Treatment: Winterization by cooling and crystall separation.( only in very few cases)



Influences of high FFA Level :

Free Fatty Acids potentially react with alkali catalyst:

- Loss of catalyst,

- Formation of soap,

Resulting in increased water content.



Dealing with high FFA level: Pre-esterification

The Pre-esterification also sometimes calledNeutralisation is often done via „crude“ Glycerine / Methanol.

Oil / FAT

Neutra-lisationGlycerine

Methanol

Crude Glycerine / Methanol / Catalyst from Separation after transesterification.

Crude oilMethanol

GlycerineSolids

Sent to separation.

Catalyst



Dealing with high FFA level: Pre-esterificationAfter Pre-esterification the mixture is separeted in e.g. centrifuges.

Crude oilMethanol

GlycerineSolids

Crude oil

GlycerineMethanol

Solids

Sent for further treatment to reach higher Glycerine Quality

Sent to transesterification



Influences of high Water Content :

Water potentially hydrolizes fats:

- Formation of FFA,

Resulting in increased water content and,

Formation of soap.

Treatment: Flach Drying



Influences of high Phosphatide Level:

High phosphatide level leads to high gum leveland disturbs the transesterification.

Gums potentially form gels at ambient temperature.

Rising of viscosity,

Problems with separation aftertransesterification (intermediate liquid phase).



Dealing with high Phosphatide Level: Degumming

There are many different degumming processes on themarket.

Two step Degummimg with Acid (1) and Lye (2) dosing.

Crude oil

De-gummingWater

Acid / Lye

Crude oil

GumsWaterSolids

Sent to separation.

Note: Degumming is part of the oil refining process.Pieralisi only offers Sparators for low capacities !

Phosphatides



Dealing with high Phosphatide Level: DegummingAfter initial Degumming the mixture is separated in e.g. centrifuges.

Crude oil

Solids Waste

Sent to washing step.

Gums (heavy phase) needs special outlet (big C.P.) !

Gums

Water

Crude oil

GumsWaterSolids

GumsWater



Dealing with high Phosphatide Level: Washing

Purifing the oil by washing with water.

Washing with water. Sent to separation.

Washing

Water

Crude oil

GumsWater

Crude oil

GumsWater



Dealing with high Phosphatide Level: WashingAfter washing the mixture is again separated in e.g. centrifuges.

Crude oil

Waste

Sent to transesterification

Crude oil

GumsWater Gums

Water



Influences of high Salt and Solids Level :

Potential risk of disturbing the transesterification

Inefficient reaction, formation of side-products.

Treatment: oil washing ( only for used edible oils)



Dealing with high Salt and Solids Level in used edible oils / fats : Washing

Washed fat

Heavy phase: Wastec

Light phase: sent to transesterification

Crude fat

SaltsSolids

Water~ 2 – 6%-v/v

Static Mixer

Water

Salts

Solids

Solids: Waste~ 95- 98°C

Water~ 0,5 %-v/v



Biodiesel PIERALISI Separation Equipment



• 3-Phase Separation: How does it work?

PIERALISI Machines for the BIODIESELProcesses

• Decanter – The „Work Horse“ of our Separation Equipment

• Vertical Separator – The „Race Horse“ of ourSeparation Equipment

• Typical Decanter Flow Chart for Ex-proof Installations• Typical Flow Charts for Separators• Operation Modes of Gastight Machines• Capacity Overview• References



3-PhaseMixture

3-Phase Separation:How does it work?

SedimentationTank with 1 x g

or rotating Bowl with high g-Force

Heavy PhaseInlet Barrier

Sediment

Light Phase WeirLight Phase

Interface



Decanter – The „Work Horse“ of our Separation Equipment for:

High solid concentration in feed

Separation of coarse solid particles

Operation with lower g-forces < 2500 x g

Good dewatering perfomance

Forced solid discharge by screw conveyor



3-Phase Decanter

Conventional Design

NewDesign „CP-A“

Heavy Phase out

Light Phase out



Decanter – The New Generation in Operation

Adjusting device for trimming the paring radius of the heavy

liquid of CP-A



CATALYST

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 1

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 2

BIO

DIE

SEL

DRY

ING

ACID

GLY-CERIN ACIDI-FICA-TION

POTASSIUM-SULPHATE WASHING

THERMAL DRYING OF CLEAN FERTILIZER POTASSIUM SULPHATE

SEPARATION WASHING

POLISHING

GLYCERIN / FATTY ACID / POTAS-SIUM SULPHATE SEPARATION

POTASSIUM SULPHATE / METHANOL SEPARATION

FATTY ACIDRECYCLING GLY-

CERIN

FURTHER TREATMENT FOR HIGHER GLYCERIN QUALITY OR PRE-ESTERIFICATION (RE-NEUTRALISATION, THERMAL PURIFICATION BY EVAPORATION)

OIL / FATHIGH FFA

FURTHER TREATMENT FOR HIGHER GLYCERIN QUALITY

SEPARATION

3-Phase Decanter:Where it is mainly used:



Remember the working Principle of 3-Phase Separation:

What‘s different for Vertical Disc Separators?

SedimentationTank with 1 x g

or rotating Bowl with high g-Force

Heavy PhaseInlet Barrier

Sediment

Light Phase WeirLight Phase

3-PhaseMixture

Interface

Sheets or Discs



Vertical Separator – The „Race Horse“ of ourSeparation Equipment for:

Low solid concentration in feed

Separation of fine solid particles

Operation with high g-forces > 6000 x g

Good separation perfomance

Increased separation efficiency due to discstack



Product in

Heavy Phase out

Light Phase out

3-Phase Vertical Separator with manual Discharge

Rotating Bowl

Non rotating In- andOutlet Group

Sediment



S 300 BD 33 3-Phase Vertical Separator with manual Discharge

One of the mostsuccesful Biodieselmachines in the lastthree years

How it looks like



CATALYST

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 1

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 2

BIO

DIE

SEL

DRY

ING

ACID




SEPARATION WASHING

POLISHING




CERIN


OIL / FATHIGH FFA


SEPARATION

3-Phase Vertical Separator with Manual Discharge:Where it is mainly used:



Manual Discharge of Solids

Automatic Discharge of Solids



Production DischargeProduct in

Heavy Phase out

Light Phase out

Operating Water in

3-Phase Vertical Separator with automatic Discharge

SedimentDischarge



FPC 12 BD 32 3-Phase Vertical Separator with automatic

Discharge

How it looks likeIn operation since 2003



CATALYST

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 1

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 2

BIO

DIE

SEL

DRY

ING

ACID




SEPARATION WASHING

POLISHING




CERIN


OIL / FATHIGH FFA


SEPARATION

3-Phase Vertical Separator with automatic Discharge:Where it is mainly used:



What‘s left? The two Clarification Jobs:

CATALYST

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 1

TRA

NSE

STER

IFIC

ATIO

N 2

BIO

DIE

SEL

DRY

ING

ACID




SEPARATION WASHING

POLISHING




CERIN


OIL / FATHIGH FFA


SEPARATION

Final polishing,typically by vertical clarifier with manualdischarge.Pre-drying ofpotassiumsulphate after washing typically by regular gastightdecanter.



Control board with PLC

SAFE AREA

startstop inerted

stand bystop not inerted

common alarmalarm resetlamp test

emergency stop

productionstand byproduction

stand still inertedstand still not inerted

pre-purgingstop inertedstop not inerted

startLocal control board

FLC

220

.1

220

PRO

DU

CT

INPV

220

.4FI

S 22

0.2

P 22

0.3

224

FLC 224.1

PV 224.2VENT

DECANTER FP 600 2 RS

CV

318.

1a

ST 701

ST 702

TT 704

M 705

TT 706

ZST 709ZST 710

TT 711

DRAIN

LIG

HT

LIQ

UID

PH

AS

E

HEA

VY L

IQU

ID P

HAS

ESOLI

DS

PRODUCT IN

Sperrgas für Wellendichtunghintere Nabe/Inert gas blanketing small hub sealing

Sperrgas für Zulaufrohr-Dichtung/Inert blanketing feed pipe sealing

314.1

314.1

315.1

316.1

318.1

Sperrgas für Wellendichtungvordere Nabe/Inert gas blanketing big hub sealing

317.1

Inertgasspülung über Zulaufrohr /Inert gas pre-purging via feed pipe

Drucküberwachung GehäusePressure supervision of casing

Inert gas, max. 6 bar

Typical Decanter Flow Chart for Ex-proof Installations

Screw conveyor

M 223.3

221

FLC223.1

FLC221.1

223

LS 221.4

LS 221.3

LS 221.2

LS 222.4

LS 222.3

LS 222.2

LS 223.2

222

FLC 222.1

VENT

P 221.6

221.1CV 221.6

V 221.5

P 222.6

222.1CV 222.6

V 222.5P 221.6

221.1CV 221.6

V 221.5

P 222.6

222.1CV 222.6

V 222.5

Nitrogene

Espey Multi-Chamber-SealLieferumfang Pieralisi

Pieralisi scope of supply:



315.1

314.1

316.1



Inertgas-Beschleierung / Inertgas blanketing

Inertgasspülung Getriebe / Inert gas pre-purging to gearbox

315.1

314.1

316.1







ZONE 1

startstop inerted

stand bystop not inerted


emergency stop

productionstand byproduction



start


Local control board

SAFE AREA

Typical Flow Chart for Separator

with Manual Solid Discharge

for Ex-proof Installations



FLC 315.1

FLC 318.1

FLC 314.1

Inert gas, max. 6 bar

FLC 316.1







PRODUKT EIN/PRODUCT IN

FLC 220.1

G 220.2

PV 220.4

V 220.3

220.1

P 220.6V 220.5

SPÜLAN

SCH

LUSS FÜ

RM

AN. SPÜ

LUN

G/

MAN

. FLUSH

ING

C

ON

NEC

TION

SCHWERE PHASEEIN (WASSER)HEAVY PHASE IN(WATER)

PV 320.1

320V 320.2

220.2

FLC 221.1

G 221.2

PCV 221.5

221.1

221.2

V 221.3

Siphon/Syphon 1300 mm

PV 221.6

FIS 221.4 CV 221.7

222FLC

222.1G

222.3

V 222.2

STEUERLUFT/COMPRESSED AIR

SV 220.5a

SV 320.1a

SV 221.6a

PCV 221.5

LS 222.6

LS 222.5

LS 222.4

Enlüftung/Vent

SCH

LAM

MAU

STR

AG/

SLU

DG

E O

UTL

ET

LS 223.2LS 223.3

FLC223.1

FLC401.1

PV223.4

P 223.5

223.2

Zwischenbehälter, ca. 300 - 400 l/Intermediat tank

Zum Feststoffsammelbehälter

PV 223.6

WASSER ZUM WASSERSCHLOSS/WATER FOR SEAL POT UNIT

DN 25

DN 50

FLC310.1

P 222.8

222.2CV 222.9

V 222.7

V 412.1

V 222.10

SCHWERE PHASE + STEUERWASSER/HEAVY PHASE + OPERATING WATER

STEUERWASSEREIN/OPERATING WATER IN

FLC 114.3

S 114.7 PCV.114.6

TT 901

OLT 114.5 P 114.4

114.2

114.1

220

221

114

315

SV 114.1a

223

V 114.2

410

314

PV 114.1

310

316

222.1

ZONE 1

startstop inerted

stand by

manual discharge

stop not inerted


emergency stop

productionstand byproductiondischarge



start


Local control board

SAFE AREA

Lieferumfang PieralisiPieralisi scope of supply:

Typical Flow Chart for Separator

with Automatic Solid Discharge

In Ex-proof Installations



Type Size Process Version Execusion Design

S 200 BD 1 1

S 300 BD 3 3

S 300 BD 1 3

S 300 BD 0 1

FPC 12 BD 3 2

FPC 18 BD 3 3

The PIERALISI VerticalSeparators

A Summary:



During regular Operation*: Transition between 2 Operation Modes by manual command Transition between 2 Operation Modes by automatic action Transition between 2 Operation Modes by alarm action *Certain malfunctions / alarms automatically lead to transition actions which during regular operation can be chosen manually.

PRE-PURGING

START

STAND BY

PRODUCTION

STOP NON-INERTED

STAND STILLNON-INERTED

From all OperationModes

POWER ON

Via pre-defined Alarms

EMERGENCY STOP

STOP INERTED

STAND STILL INERTED

*1)

*1)

*2)

*2)

Operation Modes of gastight Machines



Pre-Esterification Transesterification Washing Polishing Neutralising / Catalyst Removal / Salt Washing

Process Machine

Separation of Triglycerides and Glycerin after Pre-Esterification

Separation of Biodiesel and Glycerin after Transesterification

Separation of Biodiesel and Water after Washing

Final Polishing of Biodiesel

Glycerin/fatty acid/Potassium-sulphate separa-tion for Glycerin recovery line

Methanol/Potas-siumsulphate separation after washing

[m3/h] [m3/h] [m3/h] [m3/h] [m3/h] [m3/h] Centrifugal Disc Separators with manual discharge of solids

S 200 2 - 4 3 - 5 5 - 8 S 300 6 - 12 11 - 15 14 - 20

Centrifugal Disc Separators with automatic discharge of solids FPC 6 1,5 - 2,5 2 - 3* 3 - 4* 3 - 5 FPC 12 3 - 5 5 - 7* 6 - 9* 8 - 12 FPC 18 7 - 10 10 - 14* 12 - 16* 15 - 20

Centrifugal Decanters Baby 2 0,5 - 0,8 - 0,5 FP 600 RS/M 1,5 – 2,5** - 2 FP 600 2 RS/M 2 – 3** - 2 Jumbo 2 - 4 Jumbo 3 5 – 8** - 6 Jumbo 4 6 – 10** - 6 Mammoth 2 - 9 Mammoth 3 10 – 14** - 9 Remarks:

• The capacities in the particular processes may deviate from the figures mentioned in this table! • * Due to absence of solids usually no automatic solid discharge machines are used for this process step • ** Capacities achievable with special new design „CP-A“ with adjustable liquid-liquid interface

Examples of Capacities of PIERALISI Centrifugesfor various Applications in Biodiesel Processes



References

Biodiesel Reference List (Abstract) May 2006

Machine Engineering company (our customer) Final customer Decanter Sharples P 3400 3-Phase Energea, Austria Energea, Austria Decanter PIERALISI FP 600 2 RS/M 3-Phase Petrotec, Germany Petrotec, Germany Separator FPC 12 Purifier ENA Biodiesel, Austria Elbe Öl Prignitz, Germany Separator FPC 18 Purifier Agrar-Technik, Germany Biodiesel Kyritz, Kyritz, Germany Separator FPC 18 Purifier Agrar-Technik, Germany Bionet, Spain Separator FPC 6 Purifier Petrotec, Germany Petrotec, Germany Separator FPC 12 Purifier Petrotec, Germany Petrotec, Germany Separator FPC 12 Purifier Petrotec, Germany Petrotec, Germany Separator FPC 18 Purifier Energea, Austria Arfuel, Australia I Separator S 300 Purifier Energea, Austria Arfuel, Australia I Separator FPC 18 Purifier Energea, Austria Arfuel, Australia II Separator S 300 Purifier Energea, Austria Arfuel, Australia II 4 x Separator S 300 Purifier Energea, Austria Biodiesel plant Teeside, UK 2 x Separator S 300 Purifier Agrar Technik Biodiesel plant Brunsbüttel, Germany Separator S 300 Clarifier Agrar Technik Biodiesel plant Brunsbüttel, Germany Separator S 300 Clarifier Campa Diesel Campa Diesel, Germany Separator S 300 Clarifier Agrar Technik Emmtec Service, Netherlands Separator S 200 Clarifier Agrar Technik Inter-Tram KFT, Hungary Decanter PIERALISI Jumbo 3 3-Phase CP-A Petrotec Petrotec, Germany Separator S 300 Purifier GHP GHP, Oranienburg, Germany Decanter PIERALISI FP 600 2 RS 3-Phase CP-A PTI, Austria Biodiesel Zistersdorf 2 x Separator S 300 Purifier Solvent Dwory Solvent Dwory, Poland S 300 Purifier Euroservice Euro Service, Poland 2 x Separator S 300 Purifier GHP GHP, Oranienburg, Germany

PIERALISI Deutschland GmbH Biodiesel Workshop 1 May 15,...

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