Pictorial Dictionary
Transcript of Pictorial Dictionary
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
1/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
A
Abrasion:The scraping of the surface by rocks frozen into moving ice
Adit mining:
An adit is an opening or passage and adit mining is one that is donein hilly districts where a mineral seam is exposed on a hillside.
Afforestation:Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an
area where there was no forest.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
2/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Agriculture:Agriculture also called farming or husbandry is the cultivation of
animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofueland other products used to sustain life.
Alluvial terraces:A terraced embankment of loose material adjacent to the sides ofa river valley.
Arid:A region is arid when it is characterized by a severe lack ofavailable water, to the extent of hindering or preventing thegrowth and development of plant and animal life.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
3/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
B
Barrages:A barrage is a type of dam, which consists of a line of large gatesthat can be opened or closed to control the amount of waterpassing the dam.
C
Charsa:It is an irrigation system in which animal power is used to pullwater from a well.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
4/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Cirque/Corrie:A cirque or corrie is an amphitheater-like valley head, formed at the
head of a valley glacier by erosion.
Climate:Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature,humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation,
atmospheric particle count and other meteorologicalelemental measurements in a given region over longperiods.
Commercial fishing:Fishing on a large scale for commercial purposes.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
5/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Condensation:The change of state from a gas to a liquid.
Contour ploughing:Contour ploughing is the farming practice of ploughing across aslope following its elevation contour lines.
Cyclones:A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce
strong winds and heavy rain.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_pressure_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_pressure_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstormshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstormshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_pressure_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_pressure_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm -
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
6/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
D
Dams:A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams.
Deforestation:Deforestation, clearance or clearing is the removal of a forest or standof trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.
Deserts:A desert is a landscape or region that receives an extremely lowamount of precipitation, less than enough to support growth of mostplants.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
7/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Drought:A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region
notes a deficiency in its water supply whether surface orunderground water.
F
Fishing:Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.
Fish farms:Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture, and involves
raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
8/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Flood plains:A floodplain is a flat or nearly flat land adjacent a stream or river
that stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of theenclosing valley walls and experiences flooding during periods ofhigh discharge.
Forests:Large, extensive areas dominated by trees.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
9/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
G
Glaciers:A slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation andcompaction of snow on mountains or near the poles.
Gorges:A gorge is a deep ravine between cliffs often carved from thelandscape by a river.
Groundwater:Groundwater is water located beneath the earth's surfacein soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
10/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
I
Indus River:It is a major river that flows through Pakistan.
Irrigation:Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the land or soil.
M
Minerals:A solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
11/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Mountains:A large natural elevation of the earth's surface rising abruptlyfrom the surrounding level
N
Non-renewable resources:A natural resource such as coal, gas, or oil that, once consumed,cannot be replaced.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
12/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
O
Open cast mining:Open-pit mining, open-cut mining or opencast mining is a methodof extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal froman open pit or borrow.
Overfishing:Overfishing is the act whereby fish stocks are depleted tounacceptable levels, regardless of water body size.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
13/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
P
Plains:A plain is land with relatively low relief, that is flat or gentlyrolling.
Plateau:In geology and earth science, a plateau, also called a high plainor tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting ofrelatively flat terrain.
Plucking:Plucking is a glacial phenomenon, which erodes and transportsbedrock.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
14/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Pollution:Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural
environment that cause adverse change.
Precipitation:Precipitation is any product of the condensation ofatmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
15/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
R
Rapids:A rapid is a section of a river where the river bed has arelatively steep gradient causing an increase in watervelocity and turbulence.
Ravines:A ravine is a landform narrower than a canyon and is oftenthe product of stream-cutting erosion.
Ridges:A ridge is a geological feature consisting of a chain of
mountains or hills that form a continuous elevated crest forsome distance
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
16/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Relief Rainfall:Relief rain is when moist air from the sea rises over a
mountain and the air gets cold and forms clouds and therain mostly falls on one side and becomes less at thebottom.
Renewable resources:Any natural resource (as water or solar energy) thatcan be replenished naturally with the passage of time.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
17/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
S
Salinity:Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body ofwater or in soil.
Sand-dunes:A ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakesand oceans.
Scree:A mass of small loose stones that form or cover a slope on amountain.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
18/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Siltation:The act of depositing silt at the bottom of a water body.
Snowfield:A snow field is a permanent accumulation of snow and ice,typically found below the snow line
Streams:A stream is a body of water with a current, confined within a
bed and stream banks.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
19/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
T
Terracing:Make or form (sloping land) into a number of level flat areasresembling a series of steps.
Tube wells:A tube well is a well that is made by inserting a long pipe intothe ground to extract the groundwater.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
20/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
V
Valleys:In geology, a valley or dale is a depression withpredominant extent in one direction.
WWaterlogging:Waterlogging refers to the saturation of soil with water.
-
7/31/2019 Pictorial Dictionary
21/21
Pictorial Dictionary
Fatima Farrukh
Water table:The level below which the ground is saturated with water.
Weather:Short term daily changes in atmospheric conditions.