Phylum Chordate Subphylum Vertebrata
description
Transcript of Phylum Chordate Subphylum Vertebrata
Phylum ChordateSubphylum Vertebrata
Class Aves: Birds
Class Aves: Birds Evolved from small, carnivorous dinosaurs
about 150 million years ago.Oldest known bird fossils belong to the
species named Archaeopteryx. Impressions of feathers and wishbone clearly
visible. Had several characteristics of its dinosaur ancestors, including teeth and claws on its forelimbs
Archaeopteryx
feathersfeathers
Wing claw
Class Aves: Birds Birds diversified after Archaeopteryx, a
process that accelerated when the dinosaurs were wiped out. Today, they number around 9,000 species.
Class Aves: Birds Are endothermic. Have a beak instead of teeth. Skeleton is adapted for flight– most of the
bones are thin walled and hollow.
Class Aves: BirdsLungs are
connected to several sets of air sacs, an arrangement that ensures that oxygen-rich air is always in the lungs.
Class Aves: BirdsHave a 4-chambered heart and double loop
circulation.
Class Aves: BirdsQuick and
efficient digestive system
Class Aves: BirdsLack a urinary bladder and excrete their
nitrogenous wastes as uric acid.Lay amniotic eggs encased in a hard, calcium-
containing shell.
Classification of Birds:Several orders including:1. Order Anseriformes: includes ducks, geese,
and swans; have a broad bill covered with a soft skin; webbing between toes; about 200 species.
Mallard duckAnas platyrhynchos
Classification of Birds:2. Order Falconiformes: includes vultures,
kites, hawks, condors, falcons, and eagles; all are diurnal predators with keen vision and sharp curved claws for capturing animals; more than 250 species.
Classification of Birds:3. Order Strigiformes: owls; nocturnal
predators with large eyes, external ears, and powerful beaks; about 145 species.
Great Horned Owl
Classification of Birds:4. Order Galliformes: ground birds including
grouse, chickens, pheasants, and quails; herbivorous; short beaks and feet well-adapted for running and scratching; about 250 species.
Classification of Birds:5. Order Charadriiformes: shore birds, or
waders, including gulls, terns, puffins, and plovers; usually live in colonies; strong fliers; over 300 species
Classification of Birds:6. Order Passeriformes: perching birds
including songbirds, such as mockingbirds and jays; largest bird order, consisting of 60% of all bird species (approx. 5,500 species).
Northern Mockingbird
Blue Jays
Food is stored and moistened
Secretes acid for breaking down food
Helps in mechanical breakdown of food
Nutrients are absorbed
Nitrogenous wastes and digestive waste accumulate before being dumped