The Vertebrates Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata.
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Transcript of The Vertebrates Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata.
The VertebratesThe Vertebrates
Phylum: ChordataPhylum: Chordata
Subphylum: VertebrataSubphylum: Vertebrata
Class: IchthyesClass: Ichthyes
EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:
Cartilagenous Fish:Cartilagenous Fish: SharksSharks SkatesSkates RaysRays
Bony Fish:Bony Fish: PerchPerch LungfishLungfish
Class: IchthyesClass: Ichthyes
HabitatHabitat aquaticaquatic freshwater & marinefreshwater & marine warm & coldwarm & cold
Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System scales, mucusscales, mucus
Class: IchthyesClass: Ichthyes
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System gills for gas gills for gas
exchangeexchange
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System 2-chambered heart2-chambered heart
1 ventricle1 ventricle 1 atrium1 atrium
Class: IchthyesClass: Ichthyes
Body Temp RegulationBody Temp Regulation
Ectothermic:Ectothermic: body temp. same as body temp. same as
surrounding surrounding environmentenvironment
Reproductive SystemReproductive System External fertilizationExternal fertilization Large number of Large number of
eggseggs
Class: IchthyesClass: Ichthyes
Special AdaptationsSpecial Adaptations
Well adapted to life in water:Well adapted to life in water: Swim bladder – for buoyancySwim bladder – for buoyancy GillsGills Operculum - protects gillsOperculum - protects gills FinsFins
Class: AmphibiaClass: AmphibiaExamplesExamples frogs, salamandersfrogs, salamanders
HabitatHabitat fresh water fresh water terrestrial (but close terrestrial (but close
to water)to water) mostly warmmostly warm
Class: AmphibiaClass: Amphibia
Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System moist skinmoist skin
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System Gas exchange thru Gas exchange thru
skin – MUST skin – MUST REMAIN MOIST!REMAIN MOIST!
Larvae – gillsLarvae – gills Adults - lungsAdults - lungs
Class: AmphibiaClass: Amphibia
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System 3-chambered heart3-chambered heart
1 Ventricle1 Ventricle Right and left atriumRight and left atrium
Body Temp RegulationBody Temp Regulation EctothermicEctothermic
Class: AmphibiaClass: Amphibia
Reproductive SystemReproductive System External FertilizationExternal Fertilization Large number of Large number of
eggs eggs
DevelopmentDevelopment MetamorphosisMetamorphosis
Class: AmphibiaClass: Amphibia
Special AdaptationsSpecial Adaptations
Bridge between aquatic and terrestrial life:Bridge between aquatic and terrestrial life: LungsLungs Webbed feetWebbed feet Moist skinMoist skin MetamorphosisMetamorphosis
Class: ReptiliaClass: Reptilia
ExamplesExamples Lizards, snakes, Lizards, snakes,
turtles, crocodiles, turtles, crocodiles, dinosaursdinosaurs
HabitatHabitat Terrestrial (often dry)Terrestrial (often dry) WarmWarm
Class: ReptiliaClass: Reptilia
Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System Scales, shells – to Scales, shells – to
retain waterretain water
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System Well-developed Well-developed
lungslungs
Class: ReptiliaClass: Reptilia
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System 3-chambered heart3-chambered heart
with partial septumwith partial septum
Body Temp RegulationBody Temp Regulation EctothermicEctothermic
Class: ReptiliaClass: Reptilia
Reproductive System Reproductive System Internal fertilizationInternal fertilization Fewer eggs Fewer eggs
producedproduced
DevelopmentDevelopment Amniotic egg – to Amniotic egg – to
nourish the embryonourish the embryo
Class: ReptiliaClass: Reptilia
Special AdaptationsSpecial Adaptations
Well adapted to life on land:Well adapted to life on land: Amniotic eggAmniotic egg ScalesScales Well-developed lungsWell-developed lungs
Class: AvesClass: Aves
ExamplesExamples
Birds:Birds: OstrichOstrich RobinRobin EagleEagle duckduck
Class: AvesClass: Aves
HabitatHabitat TerrestrialTerrestrial Arboreal (in trees)Arboreal (in trees) Warm and coldWarm and cold
Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System FeathersFeathers
Class: AvesClass: Aves
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System Lungs with air sacsLungs with air sacs
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System 4-chambered heart4-chambered heart
2 ventricles2 ventricles 2 atria2 atria
Class: AvesClass: Aves
Body Temp RegulationBody Temp Regulation Endothermic Endothermic – body – body
temperature is temperature is maintained internally maintained internally at a certain rangeat a certain range
Reproductive SystemReproductive System Internal fertilizationInternal fertilization Fewer eggs Fewer eggs
producedproduced Amniotic eggAmniotic egg
Class: AvesClass: Aves
Special AdaptationsSpecial Adaptations Flight Adaptations:Flight Adaptations:
WingsWings FeathersFeathers Hollow bonesHollow bones
Adaptations to Adaptations to environment:environment: Beaks –food sourceBeaks –food source Feet – lifestyleFeet – lifestyle WingsWings
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
ExamplesExamples Placental:Placental: humans, humans,
dogs, elephants, dogs, elephants, whaleswhales
Marsupial:Marsupial: kangaroo kangaroo Monotreme:Monotreme: platypus platypus
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
HabitatHabitat Terrestrial Terrestrial AquaticAquatic ArborealArboreal Warm & coldWarm & cold
Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System SkinSkin Hair or furHair or fur
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
Respiratory SystemRespiratory System Lungs and diaphramLungs and diaphram
Circulatory SystemCirculatory System 4-chambered heart4-chambered heart
2 atria2 atria 2 ventricles2 ventricles
Body Temp RegulationBody Temp Regulation EndothermicEndothermic
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
Reproductive SystemReproductive System Internal fertilizationInternal fertilization Live birthLive birth Embryo develops Embryo develops
internally internally Except monotremes Except monotremes
lay eggslay eggs
Class: MammaliaClass: Mammalia
Special AdaptationsSpecial Adaptations mammary glandsmammary glands
placentaplacenta live birthlive birth
large brainlarge brain variety of teethvariety of teeth