Photosynthesis 5
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Transcript of Photosynthesis 5
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7/24/2019 Photosynthesis 5
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Supramolecular Chemistry, UAF, 2005
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
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PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
Where does the energy come from that sustains all life?
The Sun!!Well most of it anyway
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Respiration vs. PhotosynthesisRespiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and respiration as complementary processes in the liing world!
Photosynthesisuses the energy of sunlight to produce sugars and other organic
molecules! "hese molecules in turn sere as food! #espirationis a process that uses
$2and forms %$2from the same car&on atoms that had &een ta'en up as %$2and
conerted into sugars &y photosynthesis! (n respiration, organisms o&tain the energy
that they need to surie! Photosynthesis preceded respiration on the earth for pro&a&ly
&illions of years &efore enough $2was released to create an atmosphere rich in o)ygen!
*"he earth+s atmosphere presently contains 20 $2!-
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Cellular Respiration -vs- PhotosynthesisCellular Respiration -vs- Photosynthesis
Exergonic and endergonicreactions of metabolismExergonic:
C6H12O6+ 6O26CO2+ 6H2O G = -686 cal!mole
Cell"lar res#iration$
Endergonic:
6CO2+ 6H2OC6H12O6+ 6O2G = +686 cal!mole
%&otos'nt&esis$
%ro(ides t&e energ' to r"n cell #rocesses
)llo*s #lants to mae energ' ric& s"gars from
energ' #oor molec"les
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Overview of PhotosynthesisOverview of Photosynthesis
.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$ 3 / .4. 'calmol
6 Photosynthesis, li'e cellular respiration, is a series of redo) reactions7
What is &eing o)idi8ed and what is &eing reduced in the
summari8ing e9uation a&oe?
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:arly thin'ing; $2released came from the %$2
%$2% / $2
% / 12$%12$
sugar
Water was added to the
car&on to ma'e sugar
an
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:)periment @
H218O
CO2CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
H2O
C18O2
C18O2
C18
O2 C18O2C18O2
C18O2C18O2
:)periment @2
1818Oxyen Heavy Oxyen" #sotope $xperi%ent&Oxyen Heavy Oxyen" #sotope $xperi%ent&
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1818O #sotope $xperi%entO #sotope $xperi%ent
.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
%4$2
1ypothesis; (f %$2is &eing o)idi8ed
124$
18O%an you predict where the heay o)ygen will end
up in each case?
.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
18O
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.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
%4$2
Hypothesis: (f 12$ is &eing o)idi8ed
124$
4$%an you predict where the heay o)ygen will end
up in each case?
.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
4$
1818O #sotope $xperi%entO #sotope $xperi%ent
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.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
%4$2
124$
4$
.%$2/ 212$ %.12$./ .$2/ .12$
4$
The 'ctual Results!!The 'ctual Results!!
o,,its t&e *ater t&ats being oxidi.ed$
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6 CO2 12 H2O/eactants
%rod"cts C6H12O6 6H2O 6O2
Trac(in 'to%s in Photosynthesis&Trac(in 'to%s in Photosynthesis&
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)hat *oes this suest a+out photosynthesis,)hat *oes this suest a+out photosynthesis,
6CO2+ 12H2O
C6H12O6+ 6O2+ 6H2O
"he sugars that result from photosynthesis are produced &y adding
the hydrogen ions and electrons from water to car&on dio)ide,
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internal leaf structure
chloroplastsouter mem&rane
inner mem&rane
thyla'oid
Plant PhotosynthesisPlant Photosynthesis
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The staes of photosynthesis&The staes of photosynthesis&
Light DependentReactions
6$ccurs along the thyla'oid
mem&rane
6this is where 12$ is o)idi8ed!
6chemiosmotic production of
A"P7
6electron carrier *
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Light Independent Reactions
6$ccurs in the stroma of the
chloroplast!
6Where %$2is Bfi)edC into
sugars7
The staes of photosynthesis&The staes of photosynthesis&
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How plants harness enery fro% sunliht&How plants harness enery fro% sunliht&
%&otos'nt&etic #igments
C&loro#&'lls a 0 t&e main#&otos'nt&etic #igment
C&loro#&'ll b
)ccessor' #igments,,
Carotenoids
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Photosynthetic pi%ents are arrane* asPhotosynthetic pi%ents are arrane* asphotosyste%sphotosyste%s
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What waelengths of light do
you thin' plants use the least
in photosynthesis?
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Photosyste%s use so%e wavelenths of liht +utPhotosyste%s use so%e wavelenths of liht +utreflect others&reflect others&
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Dight 1aresting Pigments
#eaction %enter
Photon
Photosyste%Photosyste%
From the Photosystem, e>are passed along an :lectron "ransport
%hain!!
The Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain (PETC)
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P$TCPhoton
Photosyste%Photosyste%
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Photosynthetic $lectron Transfer Chain P$TC"Photosynthetic $lectron Transfer Chain P$TC"
6 series of electron carriers
which ta'e electrons from
photosystem, and!!
6 ultimately carry electrons to
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Photosyste%sPhotosyste%s
6 :)periments in the E0=s suggested that light photons are
a&sor&ed at 2 different points along the same P:"%!
6 (n fact, there are two Photosystems in operation