Phases of Matter &

The Water Cycle

Phase

• The physical condition of an object based on its shape and structure.

state

Structure

• The way the parts of an object are connected to create shape.

form

Matter

• Anything that has mass, takes up space or volume.

stuff

Solid

• An object whose shape and volume do NOT change.

Liquid• An object with a shape

that CAN change and a volume that does NOT change (it will take the shape of its container).

Gas• An object that takes

the shape and volume of its container (both volume and shape CAN change).

Heat

• How much energy is in an object

hot or cold

Temperature

• Measure of how fast molecules are moving

• TOOL: thermometer• Scales: ºF ºC Kelvin

9/5 TC + 32 = TF

T C = 5/9 (T F - 32 )

Melting

• Adding heat• Water melting point O˚C

solid liquid

Freezing

• Remove heat• Water’s freezing point 0˚C

liquid solid

Evaporation

• Adding heat (sun)• Water … called “boiling”• Water’s boiling point 100˚C

liquid gas “sweat”

Condensation

• Remove heat• Forms clouds

gas liquid

Sublimation

• liquid stage skipped• Add heat

solid gas

Deposition

• liquid phase skipped• Remove heat

gas solid “frost”

Ionized

• Lots of energy added• NEUTRALIZATION: plasma gas

gas plasma

Plasma

• Electrified gas that gives off light and heat.

Transpiration

• Plants lose water (evaporation) out of their leaves

tree sweat

Precipitation

• Water condenses & the air can’t hold it

• Clouds form

rain, snow, sleet or hail

Accumulation

• Precipitation falls to earth & collects in oceans, lakes or rivers

build up

Percolation

• Water absorbed GROUND WATER

• Ground water seeps into reservoirs, lakes or rivers

soaks in