Phase transformations of elements under high pressure (CRC 2005)

CRC PR ESSBoca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.

PhaseTransformations

of Elements UnderHigh Pressure

E. Yu TonkovE. G. Ponyatovsky

Copyright © 2005 CRC Press, LLC

This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted materialis quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonableefforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannotassume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use.

Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage orretrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.

The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, forcreating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLCfor such copying.

Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC, 2000 N.W. Corporate Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida 33431.

Trademark Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and areused only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe.

Visit the CRC Press Web site at www.crcpress.com

© 2005 by CRC Press LLC

No claim to original U.S. Government worksInternational Standard Book Number 0-8493-3367-9

Library of Congress Card Number 2004056122Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

Printed on acid-free paper

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Tonkov, E. Yu.Phase transformations of elements under high pressure / E. Yu Tonkov, E.G. Ponyatovsky. p. cm. — (Advances in metallic alloys ; 4)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8493-3367-9 (alk. paper) 1. Phase rule and equilibrium. 2. Phase diagrams. 3. High pressure (Science) I.

Ponyatovsky, E. G. II. Title. III. Series.

QD503.T63 2004 541'.363--dc22 2004056122

3367 disclaimer.fm Page 1 Tuesday, October 5, 2004 9:48 AM


http://www.crcpress.com

∆

∆


-

′


∆ ∆∆


∆∆ ∆


∆


→−


∆∆


∆


∆

∆

β

∆


∆

∆


−


∆

→


±


→

±


∆


±

±


→ →


α

α β

α

β

α α


β


±

→ →→


−


∆β

γ

−


±

α


→ →


−


∆


±


≤


β

−


∆

∆

β

∆


β

γ→

→

→


β


γ


β


β

β


β

β

∆


± ±

β


→

→


γ


β


β

α

β


→

→→

∆ γ

α

γ

β


→


β


⎯


→

→∆


⎯


α

β

β δδ

γ

γ


→δ

ε

ε α

γ

σ

β


ε

σ

β

γ

θτ


∆∆ ∆

γ


α

α

β

α γ

α γ


α γ

β


→

→


± ±

→

γ

→

∆

→


γ

→

→


′β

β

→


γ


∆

γ

∆ →∆

ββ

→ →∆ → ∆


γ∆

→ →

∆∆

−

→


∆

→

∆

γ

γ


γ


βα

ββ

β ε

δδ

→ε

γ

γ


χ ωδ

ξ

β

σ

ε σ

α

γ

β


ε

σ

α

σ

γ β


β ε

ε

β εβ


ε

γ

α

α


β

λ


→∆

β

→

β α

→

β


β


α

α


±


∆

γ

β

β

∆

α


∆∆

∆α


∆


∆

β∆

β

→β

α

γ

∆ ∆∆ ∆


β→ →

→


α

α β


γ

α

β


∆


±±

→

∆

∆


∆

→∆

→∆


λ

γ λ

α

γ


β β

α

(γ)


α


γ


±


→ →


∆∆ ∆


±


±

∆


→ →


±

→ →→


→ →


β

α

±

∆∆

→ω

β α ω

ω


γ∆

δ∆

( β )

ω

(α )


α ω

α ω

α β ω

α


δ

ω→β

γ δ


βα

β αω

∆ω

∆β

ω β

→

· − −


β

ω

(α )


ω α


α

β∆

→∆

±ω

β ±∆

−


α→ω


±


±±


±


±

±

ω


±


±

±

→ →


± ±


α

βγ

δ


α

→∆

α

β

γ

σ


αα

α

α


±


δ

δ

γα

δ γ

− −


→

ε

∆ ε


θ

θ

ε

γ

α

δ


ε

Θ

γ


α γ

α γε

α ε


ε

ε

ε

γ

α ε


ε

α γ

γ

α ε

α γ ε


α ε

−


ε

ε


ε


εγ

±

β / γ

β / γ + ε

ε

γο


εβ

β


β

±


±


−


α


β

α

α

β α

γ


δδ

−

−

σ γ

( β )

α


∆∆ ∆


∆

→


→ →


αβ

−

γ α

δ

β

−α β

γ α


±∆ ∆

γ α

α γ

α ∆

αα


αα α

α

βα

α ε

ε

α

β α αα

α

αα

α α ε


ε

α α

α

α

γ


α↔α


α

α

α→γ

α

α

α


−


→


α↔γ

α↔γ

α↔γ


α↔γ

α↔γ


γ α

±


→

→

→∆


α


→


±

→

→α

γ

±∆ α


±

±

→

±

β


→∆


→


∆

→

→


∆

→ →→ →


−


∆


∆

∆ ≈

∆


→∆

± ∆


±


∆


α


α

β

γ

∆

±


α

β

γ


α

α

α

α

αα

α


α


β

γ

α

β γ


αβ

β

β γ

δ


δ

ε

β

α

α

β

ε

γ σ

σ


α

β γ

ε

α↔β


α↔β

→

→

β


∆ α

∆

∆

α


∆

α


∆α

±

∆

α


− α

α

′

′

−


−

α


α α

α

α

α

α

ε

β

α

β


ε

ε

θ

β


β


β

ω ω

γ

δ


γ

δ

ε

η

ϑ

τ


α

α

δ

δ

ε

ε

ε

ξ

χ

ω


α


β

β


β

′

γ


−

′

β


ω

γ

δ

ω


Phase transformations of elements under high pressure (CRC 2005)

Documents

Transcript of Phase transformations of elements under high pressure (CRC 2005)