PETER GREVEN Your partner for ester lubricants...In the lubricant industry the demand for...

PETER GREVEN Your partner for ester lubricants

LIGALUB® Ester Lubricants

LIGASTAR® Metallic Soaps

LIGACID® Fatty Acids


Among others we are testing the following parameters:· Ageing behaviour with TOST test

(Turbine Oxidation Stability Test) according to ISO 4263-3· Demulsifying properties according to ISO 6614· Foaming characteristics according to ISO 6247

Furthermore biodegradability according to OECD 301 and content of renewable raw materials by radiocarbon dating (following ASTM D6866) are determined by external laboratories.

Sustainability and the demand for renewable raw materials are becoming more and more important in many areas. Peter Greven GmbH & Co. KG as middle-sized family owned company has always produced additives based on renewable raw materials and asso-ciated production technologies. This is the basis for the continuous development of new products and customized solutions for various applications. The lubricant industry is one of our core areas.

This continuous improvement – especially when it comes to sus-tainability – is also shown through the fact that we are the first producer being able to offer products which are certified by RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil).

Our new state-of-the-art laboratory is equipped – in addition to our standard apparatus – with special laboratory equipment dedicated to the determination of extensive data for the lubricant industry.

page 3

OVERVIEW ester product line

The following overview shows the most important ester types used in the lubricants industry:

Mono esters

Alcohol Fatty acid

Iso-tridecanol C8/C10 Fatty acid

2-ethylhexanol Lauric acid

N-butanol Palm kernel fatty acid

Iso-butanol Tallow fatty acid

Stearic acid

Oleic acid

Iso stearic acid

LIGALUB 45 ITD

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Polyol esters

Alcohol Fatty acid

Trimethylolpropane C8/C10 Fatty acid

Neopentyglycol Lauric acid

Pentaerythritol Palm kernel fatty acid

Tallow fatty acid

Stearic acid

Oleic acid

Iso stearic acid

LIGALUB 18 TMP

LIGALUB 19 TMP

LIGALUB 20 TMP

LIGALUB 58 NPG

LIGALUB 52 PE

LIGALUB 53 PE

LIGALUB 56 PE

Glycerol esters

Alcohol Fatty acid

Glycerol C8/C10 Fatty acid

Lauric acid

Palm kernel fatty acid

Tallow fatty acid

Stearic acid

Oleic acid

Iso stearic acid

LIGALUB 10 GE

LIGALUB 12 GE

LIGALUB 13 GE

LIGALUB 13 GE/S

= renewable

page 4

Blue highlighted products = products and raw materials used by Peter Greven

Polyol esters

Alcohol Fatty acid


Neopentyglycol Lauric acid

Pentaerythritol Palm kernel fatty acid

Tallow fatty acid

Stearic acid

Oleic acid

Iso stearic acid

LIGALUB 18 TMP

LIGALUB 19 TMP

LIGALUB 20 TMP

LIGALUB 58 NPG

LIGALUB 52 PE

LIGALUB 53 PE

LIGALUB 56 PE

Complex esters

Alcohol Fatty acid


Pentaerythritol Oleic acid

Dicarboxylic acid

Adipic acid

Sebacic acid

LIGALUB L 102

LIGALUB L 103

LIGALUB L 105

LIGALUB L 108

LIGALUB L 109

LIGALUB L 110

Dicarboxylic acid esters

Alcohol Dicarboxylic acid

Iso-decanol Adipic acid

Iso-tridecanol Sebacic acid

2-ethylhexanol Azelaic acid

Products are predominantly based on petrochemical raw materials, therefore the

biodegradability is limited.

page 5

BIOLUBRICANTS

Lubricants that are biodegradable and predominantly based on renewable raw materials are often identified as biolubricants.

The content of renewable raw materials in biolubricants is deter-mined by the radiocarbon dating at Peter Greven. This method ma-kes it possible to distinguish between carbon atoms from renewable raw materials and fossil raw materials (e.g. mineral oil) and to deter-mine the content of renewable raw materials in relation to the total content of carbon atoms in lubricants.

Beside the biodegradability and the content of renewable raw materials the classification as not harmful to the environment accor-ding to regulation (EG) 1272/2008 is also an essential criterion for bio lubricants.

The biodegradability is mainly determined according to OECD 301 (B, C, D, or F) and must be at least 60%.

Figure 1 shows the biogenic data of our products. The products of our LIGALUB product range meet the required degradation limits. Therefore our products are listed within registers for biogenic pro-ducts (as for example LuSC-list).

LuSC-list

The Lubricant Substance Classification List (LuSC-list) contains sub-stances and trademarks that were reviewed by a competent authority regarding biodegradability/bioaccumulation, aquatic toxicity, renewabi-lity and list of excluded substances.

Getting an approval for European Ecolabel is much easier if the used products are mentioned on LuSC-list. Some of our LIGALUB esters provide this advantage.

Our products comply with all above mentioned requirements and therefore provide excellent properties for the application in biolubricants.

Fig.1: Biogenic share LIGALUB product line

Biogenic share in % (according to radiocarbon dating ASTM 6866:2008)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

LIGALUB L 102 71%

LIGALUB L 103 71%

LIGALUB L 105 63%

LIGALUB 20 TMP 84%

LIGALUB 19 TMP 81%

LIGALUB 18 TMP 84%

PRODUCT PORTFOLIO by application

page 7

Product overview esters

Product Hydraulic oils Metal working Greases Chain oils Gear oils Lubricant fluids additives

LIGALUB 45 ITD

LIGALUB 10 GE

LIGALUB 12 GE

LIGALUB 13 GE

LIGALUB 13 GE/S

LIGALUB 18 TMP

LIGALUB 18 TMP A

LIGALUB 18 TMP LA

LIGALUB 19 TMP

LIGALUB 20 TMP

LIGALUB 21 TMP

LIGALUB 25 TMP

LIGALUB 52 PE

LIGALUB 53 PE

LIGALUB 56 PE

LIGALUB 58 NPG

LIGALUB L 102

LIGALUB L 103

LIGALUB L 105

LIGALUB L 108

LIGALUB L 109

LIGALUB L 110

Product overview metallic soaps and fatty acids

Product Hydraulic oils Metal working Greases Chain oils Gear oils Lubricant fluids additives

LIGASTAR AL D2

LIGASTAR CA 850

LIGASTAR CA 12 OXY

LIGASTAR LI 600

LIGASTAR LI 12 OXY

LIGACID OW

LIGACID SG 3

LIGACID SG 10-12

LIGALUB FSO

LUBRICATING GREASES

Biolubricants play also an important role in the lubricating greases industry, as greases are frequently used in total loss lubrication. These total loss lubricants are released into the environment either during permanent lubrication or by relubrication.

Lubricating greases consist of base oil (65-95%), grease thickeners (5-35%) and additives. For the production of biogreases, synthetic esters based on oleochemicals are particularly suitable as base oils as they are renewable and biodegradable. Furthermore they show a good viscosity-temperature behaviour and offer low pour points.

Metallic soaps are often used as thickeners as they are also bio-degradable and predominantly based on renewable raw materials. Therefore they are complementary to the synthetic esters for the production of biogreases.

Metallic soaps can either be produced insitu during grease produc-tion or dissolved and diluted as a finished product in the base oil.

The use of finished metallic soaps is offering the advantage of preventing possible side reactions with synthetic esters in the critical reaction phase during grease production.

LUBRICATING OILS

Synthetic esters as base oils and additives

In the lubricant industry the demand for sustainable base oils and additives is continually increasing. In addition the lubricants have to be environmentally friendly. Sustainability as well as environmental safety can be realized by using natural esters or synthetic esters based on oleochemicals.

Beside the above mentioned properties biolubricants can be superior to mineral oil based lubricants in other properties: they often show better lubricating, friction and wear characteristics. Due to their low pour points the cold behaviour is likewise superior, so that these biolubricants can be used in applications with low working tem-peratures.

Another unique advantage is the good viscosity-temperature behavi-our of the synthetic lubricants. While for mineral oil based lubricants so-called viscosity index (VI) improvers have to be used to achieve a high viscosity index and thus a constant viscosity during temperature changes, no VI improvers are needed when synthetic esters are used.

Quality parameters of synthetic esters

The performance of synthetic esters depends on the product quality. The qualities can differ e.g. in purity, specification and especially in the quality of fatty acid. These differences should be illustrated by the graphs on the following pages.

page 9

Fatty acids, metallic soaps and alkaline soaps

Beside our broad portfolio of base oils we also offer high-quality metallic and alkaline soaps and fatty acids.

Due to their polar character fatty acids have an excellent adhesive force on metallic surfaces and build under suitable conditions of pressure, temperature and concentration metallic soap layers with the basic material. These carry the lubrication in the boundary area, i.e. where the basic oil alone is no longer and high-pressure additives have not yet become effective.

Alkaline soaps also have a high affinity to metals and due to their surface coverage and natural alkalinity they protect from corrosion and support the lubrication. Metallic soaps on aluminium basis influence the structure of base oils.

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PRODUCT PERFORMANCE

We focus on the product performance of our natural, sustainable additives for lubricant industry. At our state-of-the-art laboratory we check and analyse our lubricant additives with special analyses and methods which are in accordance with lubricant industry standards.

Beside our standard additives we also produce specialities and custo-mized products which were developed in close cooperation with our customers. Due to our long time experience and our flexible, state-of-the-art production lines we have multiple opportunities to create the characteristics of our product in compliance with customer request so that the desired product performance can be achieved.

The following pages explain some of our analyses and results concer-ning the product performance. This will indicate that our specialities show a considerably increased performance in comparison to the standard products.

ISO VG product

ISO VG 22 LIGALUB 19 TMP

ISO VG 46 LIGALUB 18 TMP LIGALUB L 102

ISO VG 68 LIGALUB L 110



ISO VG 320 LIGALUB L 103 LIGALUB L 108

Chart 1: Viscosity chart LIGALUB-products according to ISO VG

Viscosity

The viscosity plays an important role for choosing the right lubricant because it describes the flow properties. It depends on temperature and can be influenced by special additives. The International Stan-dards Organisation (ISO) defined the viscosity classes for industrial oils. This definition according ISO VG (viscosity group) is established as the standard.

Chart 1 shows our lubricant esters with the associated viscosity classes according to ISO VG.

25

20

10

5

0

Volu

me

of e

mul

sion

in m

l (af

ter 2

0 m

inut

es)

filte

rabi

lity

(%)

standard product

47emulsion

Fig. 2: Demulsifying characteristics

30

35

40

45

50

15

LIGALUB18 TMP A

13

LIGALUB18 TMP AT

2

LIGALUB18 TMP HO

0

Demulsifying characteristics according to ISO 6614

The demulsifying characteristics describe the properties of lubricating oils to mix with water. We can modify our product depending on cus-tomer requirements so that the desired demulsifying characteristics are met. Therefore figure 2 shows that a wide range of demulsifying properties is covered.

Filterability according to ISO 13357

To affect the life cycle of filters as little as possible, the filtering action of oils plays an important role. If the filterability is bad, a filter is clogged faster. Therefore the filtration performance can be diminished a lot. In general the value of filterability should be at least 80%.

Our products were tested in terms of their filtration properties by simulating the usage within a filter circuit in accordance with DIN ISO 13357-2. Figure 3 shows that our products reach excellent results (starting with 90%) with regard to their filtration properties.

90

88

84

82

80standard product

90

LIGALUB 18 TMP A

9595,83

LIGALUB 18 TMP AT

98

LIGALUB L102

LIGALUB 25 TMP

LIGALUB 25 TMP

92 92

10

Fig. 3: Filterability

92

94

96

98

100

86

2,5

2

1

0,5

0

colo

ur G

ardn

er

standard product

4,4

0,6

LIGALUB 18 TMP A

colour after 3 h 180°C

start colour

LIGALUB 18 TMP AT

LIGALUB 18 TMP HO

Fig. 4: Heat stability

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

1,5

1,1

0,3

0,9

0,3 0,30,2

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PRODUCT PERFORMANCE

HIGH TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES

Heat stability

The heat test gives the opportunity to suggest the quality of an ester on the basis of colour stability. Therefore an ester is heated up to high temperatures and a colour analyse is made. The more the colour of the substance changes, the less is the heat stability. Figure 4 shows the heat stability of some LIGALUB-products. Depending on specific colour requirements of the customer, products with good up to excel-lent results can be chosen out of our product range.

TOST-Test

The Turbine Oxidation Stability Test (TOST-test) is a mandatory aging test for lubricants according to DIN EN ISO 4263. If hydraulic liquids and lubricants are in use for a longer period (several 1000 hours), the risk of oil aging is growing steadily. Therefore sludge and lacquer depositions can occur. To guarantee a high stability of the product despite this aging process, the aging behaviour of turbine, gear and hydraulic oils as well as of HFC- and synthetic liquids is examined by using the TOST-test.

We determine the aging behaviour of our products in accordance with TOST-test at our laboratory. Figure 5 shows some of our pro-ducts form VG class 46 and the appropriate results. Depending on customer requirements the suitable product can be chosen out of the wide range of ester lubricants.

Fig. 5: TOST-Test

runtime (h) 0 200 400 600 1000 1200 5000800

standard product

300

LIGALUB 18 TMP A 630

LIGALUB 18 TMP HO 1000

LIGALUB 25 TMP

1200

LIGALUB L 102 >5000

14.000

12.000Product gets firm

Product crystallises

-50

-60

10.000

8000

6000

4000

Visk

ositä

t (m

m2 /

s)

time (h)

0 h 24 h 48 h 72 h 96 h

tem

pera

ture

(°C

)

standard product

-36

LIGALUB 18 TMP A

Pour Point °C

LIGALUB 18 TMP AT

LIGALUB 18 TMP HO

LIGALUB 25 TMP

Fig. 7: Long-term behaviour at -30°C

Fig. 6: Pour Point

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

2000

-50 -51

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LOW TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES

Pour Point

When it is cold, esters tend to thicken and therefore to show a significant-ly increase of viscosity. The oils should keep the needed lubricating pro-perties even if the machines are stored in an outdoor area. An increase of viscosity after a longer storage period in negative temperature range can cause considerably problems. Due to these requirements we test and optimise the cold behaviour of our LIGALUB-products. Thereby the Pour Point of a liquid is an important key figure. It indicates the tempera-ture at which a sample of the liquid barely shows flow properties under defined conditions. For this purpose see also figure 6.

Long-term cold behaviour

To identify the long-term cold behaviour of esters their behaviour within a negative temperature range is documented by a long-term study. Therefore an approximation to the real cold behaviour is possible. The lower the viscosity of an ester stays during the test, the better is the result. The long-term behaviour of four different LIGALUB products is shown in figure 7. LIGALUB 18 TMP A shows a typical increase during the test. LIGALUB 18 TMP HO is based on special fatty acids and therefore offers a higher degree of purity. This results in better low temperature properties. A completely different development is shown by LIGALUB L 102. It is low temperature stable at the beginning but crystallises after a longer exposition time. LIGALUB 25 TMP was developed especially for low temperature applications. In addition to a continuous stable viscosity at -30°C it is in particular characterised through the fact that it falls significantly short of the typically required viscosity value of 4500 mm²/s.

LIGALUB 18 TMP ALIGALUB 18 TMP HOLIGALUB L102LIGALUB 25 TMP

-48

-54

LIGALUB L 102

-51

Product Description Viscosity 40° C (mm2/s) Viscosity 100° C (mm2/s) VI AV (mg KOH/g) SV (mg KOH/g) IV (gl2/100g) OHV (mg KOH/g) CP (°C) PP (°C) Flash point (°C)

LIGALUB 45 ITD Mono ester ~ 16 ~ 4 > 150 < 0,5 110 - 135 < 2 < 10 < 10 < 8 > 180

LIGALUB 10 GE Glycerol ester 85 - 105 ~ 11 ~ 100 < 1 165 - 177 < 90 245 - 265 < 15 < 10 > 200

LIGALUB 12 GE Glycerol ester 40 - 50 ~ 8 ~ 170 < 1 178 - 182 100 - 130 75 - 90 < 5 < 0 > 250

LIGALUB 13 GE Glycerol ester 33 - 40 ~ 8 ~ 220 < 0,2 185 - 195 110 - 130 < 5 < 0 < -10 > 300

LIGALUB 13 GE/S Glycerol ester 30 - 42 ~ 8 ~ 200 1 185 - 200 86 - 95 < 25 < -10 < -10 > 300

LIGALUB 18 TMP Polyol ester 40 - 50 ~ 9 > 180 < 1,5 178 - 187 < 90 < 20 < -15 < -30 > 300

LIGALUB 18 TMP A Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 10 > 180 < 1 178 - 187 < 90 < 14 < -20 < -40 >300

LIGALUB 18 TMP LA Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 10 > 180 < 0,2 178 - 187 < 90 < 5 < -20 < -40 > 300

LIGALUB 19 TMP Polyol ester 17 - 21 ~ 4,5 > 140 < 0,3 300 - 320 < 1 < 5 < -15 < -40 > 240

LIGALUB 19 TMP LA Polyol ester 17 - 21 ~ 4,5 >140 < 0,1 300 - 320 < 1 < 5 < -40 < -40 > 240

LIGALUB 20 TMP Polyol ester 38 - 45 ~ 8 ~ 175 < 1 220 - 250 < 20 < 15 < 0 < 0 > 300

LIGALUB 21 TMP Polyol ester 32 - 38 ~7,1 > 155 < 2 220 - 250 < 12 < 10 < 0 < 0 > 250

LIGALUB 25 TMP Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 9 > 180 < 1 198 - 205 < 90 < 15 < -20 < -50 >300

LIGALUB 52 PE Polyol ester 60 - 70 ~ 12 ~ 190 < 1 188 - 195 < 100 < 10 < -10 < -20 > 300

LIGALUB 53 PE Polyol ester 27,5 - 35 ~6,5 ~160 < 0,3 315 - 340 < 1 < 5 < 0 < 0 > 280

LIGALUB 56 PE Polyol ester 90 - 110 ~ 13 ~ 130 < 2 170 - 180 80 - 90 115 - 140 < 0 < -20 > 300

LIGALUB 58 NPG Polyol ester 23 - 28,5 ~ 6 ~ 170 < 2 170 - 186 80 - 90 < 10 < -10 < -20 > 270

LIGALUB L 102 saturated complex ester 42 - 50 ~ 8 ~160 < 0,5 320 - 335 < 1 < 10 < -40 < -40 > 260

LIGALUB L 103 unsaturated complex ester 300 - 350 ~ 46 ~ 190 < 1 250 - 270 < 80 < 15 < -30 < -30 > 320

LIGALUB L 105 saturated complex ester 100 - 120 ~ 15 ~ 150 < 0,5 340 - 360 < 1 < 10 < -30 < -40 >260

LIGALUB L 108 saturated complex ester 300 - 350 ~ 35 ~ 140 < 1 360 - 380 < 1 < 15 < -30 < -30 > 260


LIGALUB L 110 unsaturated complex ester 62 - 74 ~ 13 ~ 190 < 1,5 195 - 205 < 90 < 15 < -15 < -30 > 300

Product Description Ash % Metal content % Humidity % Free fatty acid % Melting point (°C)

LIGASTAR AL D2 Aluminium salt of a 10,0 – 11,0 4,7 – 5,8 < 2 3,0 – 5,0 ~ 165 technical stearic acid

LIGASTAR CA 850 Calcium salt of a 9,5 – 10,5 6,8 – 7,5 < 3 < 1 150 – 160 technical stearic acid

LIGASTAR CA 12 Calcium salt of a 8,5 – 9,9 6,1 – 7,1 < 3 < 1 135 – 147OXY hydroxy stearic acid

LIGASTAR LI 600 Lithium salt of a 4,7 – 5,4 2,2 – 2,5 < 0,5 < 2 190 – 210 technical stearic acid

LIGASTAR LI 12 Lithium salt of a 4,5 – 5,4 2,1 – 2,5 < 0,5 0,5 > 200OXY hydroxy stearic acid

METALLIC SOAPS with typical values

PRODUCT OVERVIEW with typical values

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Esters with typical values

Product Description Viscosity 40° C (mm2/s) Viscosity 100° C (mm2/s) VI AV (mg KOH/g) SV (mg KOH/g) IV (gl2/100g) OHV (mg KOH/g) CP (°C) PP (°C) Flash point (°C)

LIGALUB 45 ITD Mono ester ~ 16 ~ 4 > 150 < 0,5 110 - 135 < 2 < 10 < 10 < 8 > 180

LIGALUB 10 GE Glycerol ester 85 - 105 ~ 11 ~ 100 < 1 165 - 177 < 90 245 - 265 < 15 < 10 > 200

LIGALUB 12 GE Glycerol ester 40 - 50 ~ 8 ~ 170 < 1 178 - 182 100 - 130 75 - 90 < 5 < 0 > 250

LIGALUB 13 GE Glycerol ester 33 - 40 ~ 8 ~ 220 < 0,2 185 - 195 110 - 130 < 5 < 0 < -10 > 300

LIGALUB 13 GE/S Glycerol ester 30 - 42 ~ 8 ~ 200 1 185 - 200 86 - 95 < 25 < -10 < -10 > 300

LIGALUB 18 TMP Polyol ester 40 - 50 ~ 9 > 180 < 1,5 178 - 187 < 90 < 20 < -15 < -30 > 300

LIGALUB 18 TMP A Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 10 > 180 < 1 178 - 187 < 90 < 14 < -20 < -40 >300

LIGALUB 18 TMP LA Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 10 > 180 < 0,2 178 - 187 < 90 < 5 < -20 < -40 > 300

LIGALUB 19 TMP Polyol ester 17 - 21 ~ 4,5 > 140 < 0,3 300 - 320 < 1 < 5 < -15 < -40 > 240

LIGALUB 19 TMP LA Polyol ester 17 - 21 ~ 4,5 >140 < 0,1 300 - 320 < 1 < 5 < -40 < -40 > 240

LIGALUB 20 TMP Polyol ester 38 - 45 ~ 8 ~ 175 < 1 220 - 250 < 20 < 15 < 0 < 0 > 300

LIGALUB 21 TMP Polyol ester 32 - 38 ~7,1 > 155 < 2 220 - 250 < 12 < 10 < 0 < 0 > 250

LIGALUB 25 TMP Polyol ester 42 - 50 ~ 9 > 180 < 1 198 - 205 < 90 < 15 < -20 < -50 >300

LIGALUB 52 PE Polyol ester 60 - 70 ~ 12 ~ 190 < 1 188 - 195 < 100 < 10 < -10 < -20 > 300

LIGALUB 53 PE Polyol ester 27,5 - 35 ~6,5 ~160 < 0,3 315 - 340 < 1 < 5 < 0 < 0 > 280

LIGALUB 56 PE Polyol ester 90 - 110 ~ 13 ~ 130 < 2 170 - 180 80 - 90 115 - 140 < 0 < -20 > 300

LIGALUB 58 NPG Polyol ester 23 - 28,5 ~ 6 ~ 170 < 2 170 - 186 80 - 90 < 10 < -10 < -20 > 270

LIGALUB L 102 saturated complex ester 42 - 50 ~ 8 ~160 < 0,5 320 - 335 < 1 < 10 < -40 < -40 > 260


LIGALUB L 105 saturated complex ester 100 - 120 ~ 15 ~ 150 < 0,5 340 - 360 < 1 < 10 < -30 < -40 >260

LIGALUB L 108 saturated complex ester 300 - 350 ~ 35 ~ 140 < 1 360 - 380 < 1 < 15 < -30 < -30 > 260


LIGALUB L 110 unsaturated complex ester 62 - 74 ~ 13 ~ 190 < 1,5 195 - 205 < 90 < 15 < -15 < -30 > 300

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Product Description AV (mg KOH/g) SV (mg KOH/g) IV (gl2/100g) CP (°C) Melting point (°C)

LIGACID OW liquid, unsaturated 199 – 205 200 – 206 90 – 100 < 10 – fatty acid

LIGACID SG 3 solid, saturated 195 – 205 189 – 208 < 3 – 55 – 65 fatty acid

LIGACID SG 10-12 solid, mainly saturated 195 – 207 202 – 210 10 – 12 – 47 – 57 fatty acid

LIGALUB FSO special, saturated 172 – 185 180 – 192 < 4 – 72 – 78 fatty acid

FATTY ACIDS with typical values

Peter Greven GmbH & Co. KG

Peter-Greven-Straße 20–30 · 53902 Bad Muenstereifel, Germany

Phone +49 2253 313 -0 · Fax +49 2253 313 -134

eMail [email protected] . www.peter-greven.com 02 U

K –

03/2

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Since many years Peter Greven develops synthetic esters which can be used as base oil or additive in lubricants. Thereby we always focused on biodegradable products based on renewable raw materials.

Saturated esters show a very good performance, particularly when it comes to ageing behaviour and oxidation stability. This is e.g. indicated through the outstanding results within TOST test.

However, a disadvantage of these products is that the used C8/10 fatty acids are produced through fractionating the palm kernel or coconut oil fatty acids. As it is not avoidable to produce a bunch of different products during fractionation, it is not possible to change the production volume of only one single fraction. This results in very volatile prices for these products most of the time.

Therefore we developed alternative products based on a C9 fatty acid. These products provide a performance which is absolutely comparable with the performance of the well-known saturated esters but offer the advantage not to show such volatile prices. The used C9 fatty acid is manufactured from european vegetable oils and thus also 100% renewable.

Produkt LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB LIGALUB 19 TMP 19 TMP P L 102 L 102 P L 105 L 105 P 53 PE 53 PE P

Description Polyol ester Polyol ester Saturated Saturated Saturated Saturated Polyol ester Polyol ester complex ester complex ester complex ester complex ester

Viscosity 40°C 17 – 21 19 – 23 42 – 50 42 – 50 100 – 120 100 – 120 27,5 – 35 27,5 – 35(mm²/s)

Viscosity 100°C ~ 4,5 ~ 4,7 ~ 8 ~ 8,1 ~ 15 ~ 14,5 ~ 6,5 ~ 6,5(mm²/s)

VI > 140 > 140 ~ 160 ~ 145 ~ 150 ~ 145 ~ 160 ~ 150

AV (mg KOH/g) < 0,3 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,5 < 0,3 < 0,5

SV (mg KOH/g) 300 – 320 290 – 310 320 – 335 320 – 335 340 – 360 330 – 350 315 – 340 310 – 340

IV (gl2/100g) < 1 < 2 < 1 < 2 < 1 < 2 < 1 < 2

OHV (mg KOH/g) < 5 < 5 < 10 < 10 < 10 < 10 < 5 < 5

CP (°C) < -15 < -45 < -40 < -40 < -30 < -35 < 0 < 5

PP (°C) < -40 < -45 < -40 < -40 < -40 < -35 < 0 < 5

Flash Point (°C) > 240 > 240 > 260 > 260 > 260 > 260 > 280 > 270

Peter Greven GmbH & Co. KG

Peter-Greven-Straße 20–30 · 53902 Bad Muenstereifel, Germany

Phone +49 2253 313 -0 · Fax +49 2253 313 -134

eMail [email protected] . www.peter-greven.com 01 U

K –

08/2

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PETER GREVEN Your partner for ester lubricants...In the lubricant industry the demand for...

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