Personality Types/Self Personality Types/Self Identity/Self AwarenessIdentity/Self Awareness

Why do we need to put personality types Why do we need to put personality types into categories? Why would this be into categories? Why would this be important stuff to know?important stuff to know?

Recap

In the last lesson we were introduced to conscience as the inner sense of right and wrong

We looked at the Classical, O.T. and New Testament examples of conscience

We saw how it developed under St. Thomas Aquinas and was formalized in the 4th Lateran Council - Reconciliation

Finally we saw how conscience played a role in influencing Martin Luther and the Reformation

Purpose of LessonPurpose of Lesson

To give the student an historical To give the student an historical understanding of the development and understanding of the development and use of use of Personality TypesPersonality Types

This will be done through the following: This will be done through the following: Classical development Classical development contemporary examplescontemporary examples Personal evaluationPersonal evaluation

Classical DevelopmentClassical Development

Originally created by the ancient Originally created by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates Greek physician Hippocrates >>

Who believed the workings of the Who believed the workings of the human body revolved around human body revolved around either an either an excessexcess or or deficiencydeficiency of of four distinct bodily fluidsfour distinct bodily fluids

The levels of each person’s fluids The levels of each person’s fluids directly influenced their directly influenced their temperamenttemperament and therefore their and therefore their healthhealth

ChartChart

As the diagram As the diagram indicates the fluids indicates the fluids were also linked to:were also linked to: the four elementsthe four elements four coloursfour colours four fluidsfour fluids four conditionsfour conditions

Four TemperamentsFour Temperaments

This was a form of proto-This was a form of proto-psychology that was psychology that was developed by Galen developed by Galen based on Hippocrates based on Hippocrates workwork

For Galen the four are:For Galen the four are: SanguineSanguine Choleric Choleric MelancholicMelancholic PhlegmaticPhlegmatic

SanguineSanguine

This temperament is:This temperament is: Pleasure-seekingPleasure-seeking SociableSociable ImpulsiveImpulsive They enjoy social gatherings and making They enjoy social gatherings and making

new friends new friends They tend to be boisterousThey tend to be boisterous

CholericCholeric

This temperament is This temperament is ambitiousambitious leader-likeleader-like They tend to have an abundance of:They tend to have an abundance of:

AggressionAggression EnergyEnergy PassionPassion

MelancholicMelancholic

This temperament is:This temperament is: introverted introverted thoughtfulthoughtful They tend to be seen as overly They tend to be seen as overly

considerate or ponderingconsiderate or pondering They may get worried when they are late They may get worried when they are late

for something for something

PhlegmaticPhlegmatic

This temperament is:This temperament is: RelaxedRelaxed quietquiet Energy wise they range from relaxed and Energy wise they range from relaxed and

quiet to lazy and sluggishquiet to lazy and sluggish They are content with themselves and They are content with themselves and

are often kind and understandingare often kind and understanding They are accepting and affectionateThey are accepting and affectionate

Emoticon of the Four Emoticon of the Four TemperamentsTemperaments

Can you guess which is which?

Sanguine >< Melancholic

< Choleric Phlegmatic Phlegmatic >>

Modern Development

In the early 20th century Carl Jung, psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology, attempted to combine the work of Sigmund Freud and Alfred Alder

From Jung’s work several different methods emerged

Temperament Theories

Among these methods are: 16 Personality Factors (Raymond

Cattell) Keirsey Temperament Sorter (KTS) Myer-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

Myers Briggs Type Indicator

Created by the American psychologist, Isabel Briggs Myers

The test itself was named for her mother Katharine Cook Briggs

Developed during WWII in order to understand why people came into conflict with each other

Understanding MBTI

Using Jung’s original three pairs of preferences

< Isabel Briggs Myers, added a fourth pair to round out her theory.

Theory

Jung's model regards psychological types as being individual and inborn

As a result we develop certain preferred ways of thinking and acting.

The MBTI sorts some of these psychological differences into four opposite pairs, or dichotomies

Resulting in 16 possible psychological types Think: 2 to the power of 4! (2x2x2x2=16)

The Four Dichotomies

Extraversion (E)The source of your motivation.

Sensing (S)The way in which you obtain info.

Thinking (T)The way in which you make decisions.

Judging (J)Your approach to life.

(I) Introversion(Inside or outside of self)

(N) Intuition(facts or possibilities)

(F) Feeling(Head or heart)

(P) Perception(organized or open-ended)

Note:

The 16 types are typically referred to by an abbreviation of four letters—the initial letters of each of their four type preferences (except in the case of intuition, which uses the abbreviation N to distinguish it from Introversion).

In other words…

In the same way that writing with the left hand is hard work for a right-hander, so people tend to find using their opposite psychological preferences more difficult,

However they can become more proficient (and therefore behaviourally flexible) with practice and development.

Final words on the Theory

None of these types are better or worse;

Briggs and Myers theorized that individuals naturally prefer one overall combination of types

But they also leave it up to the individual to develop and grow

Self Identity / Self Awareness

Who do you think you are? Who are you really? Why is this important?

Definitions

Self identity: Awareness of and identification with

oneself as a separate individual. Self Awareness:

Aware of oneself, including one's traits, feelings, and behaviours.

awareness of your own individuality

Self Awareness

Is the capacity for introspection and the ability to reconcile oneself as an individual separate from the environment and other individuals.

Next Step

Don’t Forget Quiz is coming up!!

Philosophy