Greeks, Persians, Guptas, Mauryans, The Han, The Qin, Romans.
PERSIANS WARS 490 BC- 481 BC. Greek Colonization of Lydia 800 BC Greeks begin to leave Greece for...
-
Upload
kory-farmer -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
2
Transcript of PERSIANS WARS 490 BC- 481 BC. Greek Colonization of Lydia 800 BC Greeks begin to leave Greece for...
Greek Colonization of Lydia
• 800BC Greeks begin to leave Greece for new places to set up city-states
• Greeks go across the Aegean Sea to the west coast of Lydia/ Anatolia
Persian Rule
• The new colonies are set up in territory ruled by the Persians
• Persian leader Darius I wants colonists to pay taxes
• The colonists rebel in 499BC against the Persians with the aide of Greek city-states like Athens
Persians Conquer
• The Persian military begins to conquer surrounding territory and sends advisers to Greece for their surrender
• Sparta and Athens refuse
• The Persians in 490BC head for Marathon
Greeks Defeat Persians
• Outnumbered nearly 5 to 1 at Marathon, the Greeks defeat the Persians
• The Persians set out to sea
• Pheidippides runs 26 miles from Marathon to Athens to tell of the great victory and to warn of a possible attack
The Marathon
• Pheidippides’ run is the first Marathon
• “Rejoice, we conquer” he said before he collapsed and died from exhaustion
• Today’s modern marathon race comes directly from this run
• The Olympic Games in ancient Greece adopted this run in memory of the heroics
2nd Invasion of Greece
• In 481BC the Persians, under Xerxes attempted to avenge his father Darius I
• He set sail with his Persian fleet for Thermopylae
• At Thermopylae Xerxes was met by 7,000 Greeks from Athens and…
Athens is Destroyed
• The Persians eventually defeat the Athenian and Spartan militaries and move toward Athens
• The Athenians abandon the city
• Xerxes destroys Athens and goes to Salamis to fight the Athenians at SEA
Battle at Sea near Salamis
• The Athenians built small ships equipped with battering rams.
• They attacked the larger, bulkier Persian ships in the narrow channel
• 1/3 of Xerxes’ fleet was destroyed
Consequences of War
• The Greeks developed an alliance called the “DELIAN LEAGUE”
• The Persian threat ended• Athens emerged as the most powerful city-
state in Greece• Golden Age in Athens• Sparta becomes concerned with Athenian
power and suspicious of Athenian intentions
Peloponnesian War
• As Athens grew in wealth, prestige and power- Sparta became hostile
• 431BC Sparta declared WAR
Strengths
Athens- NAVY Sparta- ARMY
Strategy of Pericles
• Avoid land battles with Sparta
• Wait for opportunity to strike Sparta from the sea
Spartans March
• The Spartans marched on Athens and burned the Athenian food supply
• A plague swept over the Athenians inside their fortified city during the second year of war killing 1/3 the population including Pericles
A Short Peace
• In 421BC, TEN years after the war started the Athenians surrendered to the Spartans ending the war
• Six years later in 415BC Athens attacked a Spartan ally, Syracuse
• Two years later the Athenians were crushed
• In 404BC Athens surrendered again