Periodic Table of the Elements
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Transcript of Periodic Table of the Elements
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PGCC CHM 101 Sinex
Periodic Table of the Elements
The Chemist’s Organizational Chart
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Los Alamos National Laboratory's Chemistry DivisionPeriodic Table of the Elements
metals non-metals
transition metals
+1+2 +3 -3 -2 -1
noblegases
http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/default.htm
atomic numberatomic mass
typical charge on ion in binary compound
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Modified from http://www.cem.msu.edu/~djm/cem384/ptable.html
gases liquids
105Db
solids
107Bh
Physical States at Room Conditions
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man-made elements
not found on Earth
natural elements
105Db
107Bh
Natural vs. Man-Made Elements
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large quantities
ultratrace amounts
All other elements have no known biological function.
Geoff Rayner-Canham, Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed., Freeman (2000)
105Db
107Bh
Biologically Important Elements
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Elements considered particularly toxic
105Db
107Bh
toxic
Geoff Rayner-Canham, Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd ed., Freeman (2000)
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diatomic tetratomic octatomic
All other free elements are atomic in nature.
105Db
107Bh
Molecular Nature of Free Elements
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no stable forms
105Db
107Bh
All Isotopes Radioactive
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s block p block
d block
f block
105Db
107Bh
Electronic Structure
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s block p block
105Db
107Bh
Valence Electronsfor group A elements
ns1
ns2
ns 2np 1ns 2np 2
ns 2np 3
ns 2np 4ns 2np 5
ns 2np 6
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A1A
2A
8A
Group B
+1+2
+3 -3 -2 -10
± 4Charge on stable
monatomic ion
Period number gives shell (n)
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105Db
107Bh
Hydride Chemistry (binary hydrogen
compounds)
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A1A
2A
8A
Group B
ionic
metallic
covalentsalts with H-
solidsmostly gases, some liquids
polymeric
interstitial H2
molecules with +1chains with H-to-H bonds
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For the best interactive and informative periodic table
see WebElements.
Click on the element symbol and then use the menu to the left to select
information.