Biogas Diesel Engine

Presentation by :

FAZEEL MOHAMMED N M MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TKMCE ,KOLLAM

INTRODUCTION

We have limited resources available on earth. Our demands are continuously increasing day by day.Fossil fuels are fast depleting than we imagine .Someday the non-renewable resources get exhausted. Can

you imagine a day without that? Fossil fuels raises serious environmental concerns.Burning of fossil fuels produces 21.3 Gigatonnes of CO2,

causing serious environmental problem.

WHAT WE CAN DO ?

RECYCLE -  compositing waste materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials.

Switch over to alternate energy sources We save our money when we save energy

We reduce pollution when we save energy

WHY BIOGAS ?

Biogas is an alternative and renewable energy, produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter .

Cheaper Technology and Recycle of organic matter is possible.

Biogas is a GREEN FUEL , can power Earth for days to come.

Biogas can reduce CO2 emission as compared to fossil fuels. Biogas can be produced at house levels too.

Dual Fuel Engine

Modifications are made in the conventional Diesel Engine to convert to 80-90% biogas engine .

A Gas Carburettor is connected to inlet manifold , where biogas and air is mixed in the ratio.

The supply of diesel is controlled by a governor ,controlled by ECU of the engine.

Diesel is supplied to engine cylinder (10-20%) to aid in combustion of biogas

Modifications in Diesel engine

Dual Fuel Engine

Dual Fuel Engine is started on diesel ,the main valve is gradually opened .

As the Biogas enters ,the engine speed increases.

The governor automatically reduces the intake of diesel oil, thereby reducing speed of engine .

Heating of intake Biogas-air mixture enhances combustion.

Increasing the Compression ratio increases efficiency .

Performance of Dual Fuel Engine

The Performance Is Investigated on the following grounds :

Engine Torque / Load torque

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption

Brake thermal Efficiency

Emission Characteristics

Engine Torque

For compression ratio of 14 , as Biodiesel percent increases the Torque decreases .

As compression Ratio increases from 14 to 16 ,Engine torque increases .

For the same blend , increasing the compression ratio had more benefit with biodiesel than with high pure diesel .

Torque vs. Speed

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption

For the same Compression Ratio , there is higher specific fuel consumption than diesel fuel at same rpm .

For same blend , as Compression Ratio increases specific fuel consumption decreases .

Biodiesel gives a better decrease in BSFC than diesel as the compression ratio increase .

It may be due to lower volatility and higher cetane number of biodiesel compared to diesel fuel.

BSFC vs. Compression Ratio

Brake Thermal Efficiency

Brake thermal efficiency of the engine, in general, reduced with the increasing concentration of biodiesel in the blends.

Increasing the Compression Ratio improved the efficiency of the engine .

Brake Thermal Efficiency vs. Compression Ratio

CO EMISSION

Effect of Blend : Co emission decreased with increasing engine speeds for all blends till 1700 rpm, then increase with increasing the speed .

Effect of Compression Ratio : CO emission reduced when compression ratio was increased from 14 to 18 .

CO EMISSION vs. COMPRESSION RATIO

NOX EMISSION

Effect of blend : All blends of Biogas produced higher NOx than pure diesel for all engine speeds at all compression ratios .

Effect of compression ratio : NOx emission increases as compression ratio increases from 14 to 18.

NOX EMISSION vs. COMPRESSION RATIO

CONCLUSION

CO Emission produce less exhaust emissions than conventional diesel engines without any substantial increase in operating and capital cost.

Increasing the compression ratio improved the performance and cylinder pressure of the engine.

The mole fraction of H2O increases with bio-gas substitution , this decreased the peak combustion temperatures.

REFERENCES • Mohammed EL_Kassaby, Medhat A. Nemit_allah, (2012) Studying the effect of

compression ratio on an engine fueled with waste oil produced biodiesel/diesel fuel, Alexandria Engineering Journal

• Shaik Magbul Hussain, Dr.B. Sudheer prem kumar, Dr.K .Vijaya Kumar Reddy ,(2013) Biogas Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Exhaust Gas Emission, International Journal Of Advanced Research In Engineering And Technology.

• N.H.S.Ray, M.K.Mohanty, R.C.Mohanty, (2013) Biogas as Alternate Fuel in Diesel Engines: A Literature Review, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering

• Bhaskor J. Bora , Ujjwal K. Saha  , Soumya Chatterjee, Vijay Veer(2014) Effect of compression ratio on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a dual fuel diesel engine run on raw biogas, Energy Conversion And Management .

• M. Mohamed Ibrahim, , J. Varuna Narasimhan,  A. Ramesh (July 2015) , Comparison of the predominantly premixed charge compression ignition and the dual fuel modes of operation with biogas and diesel as fuels ,Energy.