Bio Diesel Colour Print
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Transcript of Bio Diesel Colour Print
BIODIESEL AND ITS UTILITY
BY MR. SHRIKANT S. KHATING
PAPER PRESENTATION FOR
INTRODUCTIONBIODIESEL PRODUCTIONSOURCE OF BIODIESEL, CONSIDERING INDIACONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESELECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION CONCLUSION
1.INTRODUCTION
Fossil energy is exhausting and man need is increasing.
Biodiesel is alternative for diesel engine. Conventional diesel creates pollution but
biodiesel reduce pollutants that contribute to smog and global warming and help to reduce cancer causing agent.
Alternative fuel approved by environmental protection agency (EPA) in California.
Biodiesel is expensive than ordinary diesel.
How to use? The most common mixture is
20/80,reffered to as B20,containing 20% biodiesel by volume and 80 % petroleum.
Use of biodiesel in vehicle.
2.BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
Biodiesel refers to fatty acid methyl esters made by transesterfication.
Feed stock oil/fat + methanol Biodiesel [Vegetable oil
or animal fat] For biodiesel oil seed crops
(Soybean, sunflower, rapeseed ,etc.) are used, waste vegetable and animal fats are used.
TRANSESTERIFICATION :
This process is the displacement of alcohol from an ester by another alcohol is a process similar to hydrolysis.
triglyceride oil = 2 - 10 fatty acid
Reaction:R-COOR’ + R’’ + R-COOR”+R’-OH
For methanol = methanolysisCH2-O-COR1 R1-COOCH3 CH2OH
CH-O-COR2 + 3CH3OH R2-COOCH3 + CHOH
methanol
CH2-O-COR3 R3-COOCH3 CH2OH
Triglyceride fatty acid methyl ester glycerol
PRODUCT RECOVERY IS DONE INTO TWO PHASE:
Easy removal of Remaining alcohol/ester glycerol mixture is separated and
excess alcohol is recycled
Ester send for purification process [water washing ,
vaccum drying and filtration ]
WORKING WELL FOR THE PROCESS OF TRANSESTERIFICATION High quality oil is used. Reaction temperature. Oil temperature. Ratio to oil, mixing intensity , purity
of reactants, catalyst type and concentration.
3.SOURCES OF BIODIESEL CONSIDERING INDIA
Seeds oil for the production of biodiesel:Soybean,rapeseed,jatropha,sunflower,canola, pongamia,palm,cotton seed.
OILS
Edible oils non-edible oils
Jatropha is considered as the most suitable for biodiesel.
Jatropha can be cultivated anywhere along canals,roads,railway tracks, on border of farm and even an alkaline soils.
Grown in high as well as low rainfall. In high rainfall yield is more. Occurs mainly at lower altitude(0-
500Cm) with average annual temperature above 200C,
and rainfall of 300-1000mm.
JATROPHA PROVIDES:
Prevention of soil erosion. Soil improvement. Poverty reduction. Renewable energy. Promotion to labours.
IMPORTANT PARTS OF JATROPHA :
Flowering branch Bark Leaf veinature Plstillate flower Stamltiate flower Cross section of immature fruits Fruits Longitudinal cut of fruits
4.CONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESEL
3 kg of methanol
100 kg of Jatropha seeds
70 kg of oil cake
30 kg of Jatropha oil
3 kg of glycerol
30 kg of biodiesel
Catalyst (KOH,NaOH
)
5.ECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA
S No.
Item Or Expenditure Amount Rs.
1 100 kg seeds @ Rs 5/kg 500/-
2 Oil extraction and other charges @ Rs 1.50 /kg
150/-
3 Transesterification cost @ Rs 8 / kg oil 240/-
4 Total 890/-
S No.
Sale Amount Rs.
1 70 kg oilcake @ Rs 2/kg 140/-
2 Glycerol 60/-
3 Total 200/-
Net expenditure incurred to get 30 kg/33 l oil = 690/-
Cost of biodiesel/l = 20.90/- Oil cake and glycerol which have a
good commercial value.
6.BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN
First successful trial run of a superfast passenger train was conducted on Dec 31, 2009
Delhi - Amritsar Shatabdi Express used 5% of biodiesel fuel.
Railway annual fuel bill = Rs 3400 crores (for Diesel)
10% mixture with Diesel = reduced (Rs.300-400 crores / annum)
5% substitution is accepted.
7.BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC
The Union minister of petroleum and natural gas
Shri Mani Shankar Aiyer flagged off biodieselbus services in Gandhinagar on mar 12,2005. GSRTC introduced four biodiesel buses
between Gandhinagar and Ahmadabad. TATA motors in Pune launched trial run on
43 buses of 10 % biodiesel blends, and parallel trial on TATA Indica cars and TATA LCVs .
8.INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION:
63 million hect = Waste land 33 million hect = Tree Plantation India’s target : 20 % substitution of HSD
till 2012. 5% substitution on HSD is achieved in
2006-07. HSD demand by the end of 11th planned
(2011-12) = 66.9 million ton. 13.38 million tons HSD require = 11.2
million hect land.
9.CONCLUSION:
Biodiesel is eco-friendly. Biodiesel is clean burning alternative
fuel. Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can
be blended with conventional diesel fuel.
These fuel can be used in any diesel engine without any modification.
Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from sulphur and lead.
Biodiesel provide superior lubricating properties and help to extend engine life.
India’s target is to achieve 20 % substitution of HSD till 2012.
Government have to pay attention toward the cultivation of Jatropha seeds.