Plate tectonics : chapter 9.3 & 9.4 Plate tectonics : chapter 9.3 & 9.4.
Review Earth and...
Transcript of Review Earth and...
The number of daylight varies
upon location… why?
Because Earth is tilted on its axis
Which area would have the most
constant daylight/darkness hours?
THE EQUATOR
The latitude if a region affect its climate
by determining the angle of sunlight
throughout the year.
What makes the seasons
change?
Depending on the tilt of the earth’s axis of rotation, one area may be closer to the sun making DIFFERENT SEASONS IN DIFFERENT PLACES
This is also influenced by its rotation around the earth (1 rotation = 24 hours)
Latitude of a region affects its climate by determining the angle of sunlight throughout the year
What are the different
eclipses?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JybX
E7hXpZA
What makes the tides in the
ocean?
The gravitational pull of the Moon on the
Earth.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YS6Iq
nvnOak
Heat energy in the ocean
This is maintained by heat energy being
cycled by currents between the equator
and the polar regions.
Wells
Precipitation and runoff recharge the well
When they become depleted when there
are too many in one area
What is our main source of
electromagnetic energy?
THE SUN!!!!
Helium nuclei are combined by nuclear
fusion
Need by plants to convert solar energy to
chemical energy.
How long is a day?
24 Hours
This is how long it takes for the earth to
complete one full rotation on its AXIS at
the equator.
What would happen if we
didn’t have Greenhouse
Gases?
More heat from solar radiation would
escape making it very cold on earth
What is the ozone?
Located in the Stratosphere
Removes electromagnetic radiation that
is harmful to living things.
Acid Rain
Mostly found in urban areas
Pollution causing acidity in the
precipitation
Causes weathering
Instruments used to measure
weather
Barometer – Atmospheric pressure
Anemometer – Wind Speed
Thermometer – Temperature
Psychrometer – Humidity
Temperature Inversions
Happens in large cities due to the mass
amounts of pollution.
Prevents normal convection of air masses
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LPvn
9qhVFbM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6kc
eYFOj4w
Wind Circulation
During the day – land heats faster than
water.
Uneven heating creates a pressure
gradient
Wind then blows toward the land in a
circular path
Air Masses Moving over the US
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kmhizd4De2E
High pressure systems
Stops air from rising into the colder regions
of the atmosphere where water can
condense.
Drought will occur if a high pressure
system remains in an area for a long time
Energy movement from a
Cold Front and Warm Front
When cold meet warm what will happen?
Water in the atmosphere will undergo a
phase change…
Rain/Sleet/Snow/Hail
Climate
Depending on the area – Inland or
Coastal
You will see a difference in humidity due
to greater precipitation depend on how
close to the coast.
Ex. The average temp in Raleigh over the
past 30 years
Hurricane Prediction
How can
climatologist predict
hurricanes?
By studying water
current and
temperature
Form when 2 air
masses meet
What happens when the
hurricane hits land?
It starts to diminish due to a decrease in
warm moist air.
What conditions are right for
tornados?
Cool dry air colliding with warm moist air.
Form when 2 air masses meet.
Isobars
Represent pressure over an area
Closer together they are the more
frequent the change in pressure
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2EEt
CWGkmKE
Layers of the Earth
Asthenosphere – Source of lava that
erupts from volcanoes
Inner Core – Solid
Outer Core – Liquid
Lithosphere – the outer surface
Layers of the Earth
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q
9j1xGaxYzY
Weathering and Erosion
Creation of sediments which then makes
sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks form from broken up
and deposited layers
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pC7
jnJ0OIk
Types of rocks
Metamorphic – formed by heat and pressure
Igneous – liquid magma cools into a solid
Sedimentary – weathering and erosion of other rocks then pressure makes them form
Bill Nye Video (20 min) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Xv1DoqkARQ
What theory explains how
similar species can be found
on different continents?
Pangea/Plate Tectonics
Modern land masses were once
connected but moved apart.
Plate Tectonic Activity
Evidence that supports this is – volcanic
activity and sea-floor spreading at the
mid-ocean ridge.
Earthquakes
Waves generating from the focus move in
all directions
Tectonic motion causes tension between
plates in the Earth’s Crust.
Measured by the Richter Magnitude Scale
Volcanoes
Gases – H2O, CO2, SO2, hydrogen sulfide,
hydrogen chloride, helium, hydrogen
fluoride.
Particles
Tephera (form of ash)
Lava
Divergent Boundaries
2 oceanic plates pulling away from each
other
Form Ocean Ridges
New crust forms
Red Sea
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQsb
T9j3P44
Mariana Trench
One plate is being forced beneath
another
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2tm
40uMhDI
Transform Boundaries
California
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPRmI
iqGl6E
Natural Gas
Produces the least amount of solid waste.
Click the link to see how clean your
energy is…
http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-
and-you/how-clean.html
3R’s
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Materials: plastic, glass, paper and metal
Why do we need to reuse material?
http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/recyclin
g-plant-powered-by-the-sun/
Ecological Footprint
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRZm
GHkqQbU