Index

AAABA 100, 164, 165Abbey Road 68, 112, 117, 127–129,

133, 139, 179, 180, 198,205–208, 210, 214, 224, 255,262, 263

AC30 61Academy of St Martin in the Fields

263‘Across the Universe’ 178Adams, Ryan 229adaptability 15‘A Day in the Life’ 174, 200Adele 230Adgrove Ltd 263Adorno, Theodor 23, 192aeolian cadence 156Aerosmith 194agency 11, 73, 74, 101, 113, 151,

193, 194, 274, 276

agency and structure 11, 16, 19, 98,111, 170, 274, 276

‘A Hard Day’s Night’ 85, 133, 156,165, 171

‘Ain’t That A Shame’ 154AIR Studio 215, 224Albert Hall 252Albert, Robert 5, 75Albufeira 93Alexander, Arthur 79, 152, 163Alexander, Victoria 6, 7‘All My Loving’ 85Alomar, Carlos 217, 218Amabile, Teresa 7, 8, 13, 107, 148,

149American Music Awards 269A Million Volt Sound and Light

Rave 249Amsterdam 154Anaheim 267

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusivelicense to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021P. McIntyre and P. Thompson, Paul McCartney and His Creative Practice,Palgrave Studies in Creativity and Culture,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79100-1

283

284 Index

Anderson, Ray 249Anderson, Rusty 69, 226, 260‘Anger’ 218Anthology 223–225, 250Apollo C. Vermouth 202, 247, 251Apple Corp 178, 264Apple podcasts 265Ardmore & Beechwood 265Arnett, Will 265arrangement 27, 79, 94–99, 119,

121–123, 139, 150, 160, 173,180, 182, 196, 199, 207, 211,221, 222, 229, 232, 268

arranger 190, 196, 203, 210, 240art 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 46, 61, 67, 133,

134, 138, 172–175, 192, 193,201, 233, 250, 256, 268, 273

Arthur, W. Brian 269, 271, 274Artist and Repertoire (A&R) 190,

194–196, 240, 248artistic 7, 12, 89, 130, 216, 257artistic creativity 10, 28Art of Noise 253art world 11, 89Art Worlds 124Asher, Jane 93, 133, 137, 172, 173,

248Asher, Peter 248Askland, Hedda 6Aspinall, Neil 31, 51, 125, 158Associated Television (ATV) 152,

264‘A Taste of Honey’ 86, 156Atlantic Records 270Aunt Mimi 147, 153autodidacts 169, 170Automatic Transient Overload

control 128Average White Band 221

BBach 96, 172Bacharach, Burt 163, 165‘Back in the USSR’ 52, 80The Back in the World Tour 64‘Back Seat of My Car’ 206Back to the Egg 64, 203, 213Bacon, Tony 47–49, 57, 58, 70Badfinger 189, 205, 207Badman, Keith 31Bailin, Sharon 6, 157Baker, Arthur 253‘The Ballad of John and Yoko’ 52,

180‘Ballad of the Skeletons’ 251, 253‘Ballroom Dancing’ 52the band 27, 49–52, 55, 56, 58–68,

86, 115, 119, 133, 139, 160,176, 178, 179, 201–203, 209,212, 218, 245–247, 270, 274

‘Band on the Run’ 52, 189, 207,209–212

Barber, Adrian 58Barber, Simon 163, 265Barcelona 250Barrow, Tony 31, 70, 200–202, 270Bartley, Don 226, 227Bart, Lionel 91Bastick, Tony 87, 150Bateman, Jason 265Baur, Steven 29BBC 115, 138, 139, 147, 148, 153,

155, 156, 158, 161, 174, 181,258

BBC Radiophonics Workshop 174,249

Beach Boys, The 120, 132, 133, 174Beatles, The 1, 27–31, 49–52,

55–57, 59–61, 63, 66–68,

Index 285

74, 85, 86, 93–99, 111, 112,115, 118–122, 124–128,130–135, 137, 139, 140, 151,156, 159–161, 163–165, 167,171, 172, 175–178, 180–182,195, 199–205, 209, 213, 218,223–226, 229, 230, 236, 246,247, 249–251, 254, 255, 257,258, 264, 265, 267, 269, 270

The Beatles Bible 225, 250Beat poets, the 251, 252‘Beautiful Boy’ 247‘Be-Bop-A-Lula’ 49‘Because’ 75, 179Becker, Howard 7, 11, 12, 89, 124,

129Beethoven 179‘Begin the Beguine’ 79, 152Bekhtereva, Natalia 8Benitez, Vincent 31Bennett, Joe 25Bennett, Tony 197Bergquist, Carlisle 7Berlin, Irving 79, 152, 163, 270Berns, Burt 163Berry, Chuck 121, 158, 179, 180Bertalanffy, Ludwig von 15Bestall, Alfred 257, 258Bextor, Robin 31, 70, 200–202, 270The Big Three 58Bill Black 235Bill Black’s Kay upright bass 235Billboard 253Billboard Hot 100 253‘Bitter Sweet Symphony’ 254‘Blackbird’ 63, 253Black Dyke Mills Band, the 189,

202, 203Blackwell, Otis 163

Blake, Mark 31Blake, Peter 250‘Bluebird’ 211blues 46, 48, 79, 82, 96, 119, 121,

152, 158, 161, 199Boden, Margaret 3, 11, 75, 76, 96,

117Bolan, Marc 207Bond St 201Bonner, Michael 31, 86Bono 270Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band, the

189, 201, 251, 257Borroughs, William 251Boulton Brothers, the 172Bourdieu, Pierre

cultural capital 87, 115, 124, 211,263

cultural production 11, 12, 18,29, 107, 108, 114

economic capital 11, 17, 108,160, 236, 248, 268, 269

field 11, 12, 17, 18, 24, 25, 29,50, 89, 108, 114, 170, 193,272, 277

field of works 24, 53, 108, 190,193, 239

habitus 11, 17, 24, 54, 55, 88,150, 157, 170, 193

social capital 113space of works 11, 24, 80, 157,

159, 169, 182, 193, 204, 221,271, 278

symbolic capital 50, 68, 124, 197,228, 236, 248, 268, 269, 276

Bowie, David 53, 207Boyd, Patti 133‘Boys’ 85Bradford 202

286 Index

Braheny, John 164, 165Brazil 64Brennan, Matt 224Brill Building 163, 164Brit Awards 254, 269Broadcast Film Critics Association

Awards 269Broadway 78, 115, 138, 163, 245Brocken, Michael 1Brolly, Brian 211Brothers in Rhythm 253Brown, Peter 31, 158Bruford, Bill 26Bunny, Jah 221Burgess, Richard 197Burnard, Pam 24, 25‘Bye Bye Love’ 47

CCampbeltown Pipe Band 213, 214‘Can’t Buy Me Love’ 166Candlestick Park 66, 171Capitol Records 211, 267, 268Capra, Fritjof 16, 107, 274Carlin, Peter 31Carmichael, Hoagy 79, 80, 152‘Carnival of Light’ 173, 249Carpool Karaoke 265Carroll, Lewis 153, 257The Cars 222Casbah, the 50Casey, Howie 56, 63, 210Cash, Johnny 212Cattini, Clem 207Cavanagh, David 31Cavendish Avenue 163Cavern, The 205Chalk Farm 249

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard52, 226

Chappell Studio 201Charles, Ray 79, 95, 152, 197The Chemical Brothers 253Cherokee Studios 215‘Chicago’ 46, 77, 83Choi, Jimmy 25Choir of King’s College, Cambridge

263‘The Christmas Song’ 264Clapton, Eric 179, 229, 270Clarke, Stanley 215Clark, Tony 112, 128, 206, 207Classical Brit Awards 269Claxton, Guy 6Cleveland 270Clott, Johnnie 53Cloud Nine 224Clover 220Clydesdale, Greg 27, 29, 151, 182‘C Moon’ 208Cochran, Eddie 48, 49, 163, 222The Coffin 58Cogan, Alma 91Cogan, Fay 92Colbert, Stephen 82, 83Coleman, Ray 31, 74, 77, 79, 81,

85, 91–93, 95–100, 115, 152collaborative creativity 150, 169Collins, Marcus 149Collins, Phil 218Columbia Records 267‘Come and Get It’ 205, 206‘Come Together’ 179, 180competition 8, 21, 27, 50, 110, 117,

275complementarity 15–17, 19, 27,

272, 273, 276, 277

Index 287

complexity 15, 17, 109, 176, 181,183, 219, 272, 273, 278

complex systems 15, 17, 140, 219,271, 272, 278

Connolly, Ray 31, 153, 154constrabling 15, 111, 273constrabling factors 192convergent thinking 7cooperation 12, 21, 27, 50, 89, 110,

275Corden, James 265Costello, Elvis 220, 221, 225The Country Hams 212Coury, Al 211Coward, Noel 79Craft, Anna 6creative

person 1, 8, 9, 13, 80, 134, 196,245

personality traits 8, 12place 1, 3, 17, 21, 75, 182process 4, 8, 13, 14, 20, 23, 25,

27, 28, 73, 80, 112, 129, 150,157, 158, 226, 233, 237

product 8, 25, 65, 73, 74, 90,102, 151

creative collective 23, 123, 125, 127,132, 139, 192

creative output 27, 30, 124, 160,169

creative system 15, 17, 20, 22, 26,27, 32, 74, 77, 92, 107, 111,116, 119, 122, 140, 147, 161,162, 170, 181–183, 189, 194,233, 271, 273, 275–278

creative system in actiondomain 1, 19, 20, 101, 114, 132,

134, 170field 1, 19, 101

individual agent 12, 19, 23, 28,74, 108, 161, 272

creative thinking 7, 76creativity

and time 271big C and little c 6, 7definitions 5, 7, 13, 101European conceptions 2Indian conceptions 3myths 2, 9, 24, 83, 101Western vs Eastern conceptions 2

Criticos, Harry 15, 111, 192, 273Cropley, David 6Crosby, Bing 158Crosby, Stills 229Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly 7, 9, 13,

14, 17, 19, 20, 24, 25, 28, 75,76, 80, 89, 90, 94, 108, 118,134, 148, 150, 151, 176, 183,194, 201, 204, 219, 220, 237,238, 240, 268, 271, 272

Culan, Roger 207Cullum, Ross 222cultural approach 9cultural intermediaries 29, 223, 246,

265cumulative advantage 269Cunningham, Blair 223

DDaily Express 257, 259‘Dance Tonight’ 226Dark Side of the Moon 211David, Hal 163, 165Davies, Hunter 31Davies, Rosamund 4, 5Davis, Carl 261, 262Davis, Todd 29

288 Index

Day of the Dead 252‘Day Tripper’ 166Death from Above 230DeCurtis, Anthony 220‘Deep Deep Feeling’ 237Dekker, Thomas 179Denmark St. 264Derbyshire, Delia 249Derry and the Seniors 56, 211DeZutter, Stacy 13, 14, 151, 182Diamond, Neil 197Dido 254Diperna, Alan 31The Diplomats 59Dire Straits 223distributed creativity 13, 14, 19,

151, 182divergent thinking 7‘Doctor Who Theme’ 249Doggett, Peter 31Dolmetsch family, the 207domain 19–23, 25, 26, 29, 59, 74,

76, 77, 80, 83, 87–90, 95, 96,98, 101, 111, 113, 114, 116,122, 128, 150, 151, 157, 159,162, 173, 182, 183, 190, 191,194, 206, 220, 239, 248, 271,272, 276, 278

domain acquisition 54, 80, 149,151–153, 155–157, 200

domain immersion 80‘Don’t Blame Me’ 154Donnegan, Lonnie 48, 49Donovan 204Dorfsman, Neil 221, 236Dowd, Tom 198Doyle, Tom 31, 62, 63, 212The Drifters 80‘Drive’ 222

Driving Rain 226The Driving World Tour 64Duke String Quartet 99Du Noyer, Paul 31, 61, 63, 135,

137, 138, 202, 223, 250, 253,256, 257, 259–261

Durband, Dusty 92dyad 112, 117, 120, 139, 150, 155,

162, 169Dylan, Bob 81, 197dynamic equilibrium 16, 17, 275dynamism 15–17, 275

EThe Eagles 229Eastern mysticism 178, 251Eastman, John 225, 264Eastman, Linda 174Ecce Cor Meum 207, 253, 262Eccleston, David 31EDM 250Ed Sullivan Show 97, 204Ed Sullivan Theatre 82Eerola, Tuomas 29, 77, 94Egan, Sean 31Egypt Station 52, 230, 231Eisenberger, Robert 8, 117‘Eleanor Rigby’ 82, 166, 168, 169,

251Electric Arguments 52Electronic Sounds 173Elliott, Anthony 29Ellis, Royston 117Elson, Howard 31, 74, 93, 206, 212,

258, 259emergence 15, 17, 24, 27, 73, 74,

76, 89, 92, 109, 112, 138,

Index 289

139, 149, 158, 159, 173, 272,275

Emerick, Geoff 31, 58, 112, 124–126, 129, 130, 132, 139, 140,159, 173, 178, 209–211, 214,224, 236, 255

EMI/Parlophone 117, 120, 128–132, 138, 139, 159, 160, 178,199, 203, 209, 210, 214, 226,249, 262, 265, 267, 277

EMI records 27, 112, 128, 160, 180EMI’s Abbey Road 98, 112, 130,

172, 173, 214, 217EMI’s Studio Two 214engineer 58, 65, 76, 111, 124–127,

129, 130, 158, 171, 173, 174,177, 182, 189, 191, 195, 197,198, 200, 202, 206, 208–210,216, 217, 222, 224, 226, 229,232–236, 239, 240, 255, 277

English, Joe 135, 212‘English Tea’ 267Engstrom, David 15, 273Enlightenment 6Entwhistle, John 122Epstein, Brian 31, 159, 178, 213Epworth, Paul 230Ertegun, Ahmet 198, 270Esher 177Esher Demos 177Essex, Kenneth 98Essex Music 203Estádio do Maracanã 64Estefan, Gloria 197Evans, Mal 47, 51, 125, 158, 205,

276Everett, Walter 29, 31, 46, 47, 55,

111, 117, 121, 122, 125Everly, Don 163

Everly, Phil 163Everlys, The 158, 163

FThe Faces 100, 229Fairlight 222Faithfull, Marianne 251‘Falling in Love Again’ 79, 152The Family Way 172, 199, 207Fender Telecaster 235field 1, 17, 19–21, 25, 26, 28, 29,

51, 53, 59, 74, 76, 77, 89,90, 94, 95, 98, 101, 108,111, 113, 116–118, 122, 128,132–134, 138–140, 149, 151,157–160, 162, 170, 179–183,190, 194, 196, 204, 206, 208,211, 223, 225, 228, 233, 234,239, 240, 248, 254, 255, 265,269, 270, 272, 275–278

Fillmore West 249The Fireman 52, 247, 253–255Fitzgerald, Jon 94, 95, 100, 164–166‘Five Foot Two, Eyes of Blue’ 47Flaming Pie 52, 224–226, 266Flick, Vic 207flow 112, 237, 238Flowers, Herbie 207Flowers in the Dirt 220, 223, 236,

255The Foo Fighters 52Forbes magazine 268Foucault, Michel 277, 278‘FourFiveSeconds’ 253The ‘04 Summer Tour 64Franklin, Aretha 197‘Free as A Bird’ 224‘Freedom’ 226, 259

290 Index

‘Frere Jacque’ 121Freud, Sigmund 7, 83, 84Frith, Simon 22, 56, 157, 191Frog Chorus 258‘From Me To You’ 85Froom, Mitchell 221Frost, David 204Fuller, Louise 99Fulpen, Har 31, 97Fulton, Janet 6, 17, 109, 240

GGabarro, Francisco 98Gabriel, Peter 216Gadd, Steve 215Galton, Sir Francis 6Gambaccini, Paul 31, 49, 92, 211,

212Gambier Terrace 117Garbarini, Vince 31, 52genius 5–7, 11, 20, 23, 74, 83, 85,

151, 175, 176, 182, 189, 191,247

Gentle, Johnny 51‘Georgia on My Mind’ 79, 80Gershwin, George 152Gershwin, Ira 79, 152, 163‘Get Back’ 60, 166, 178‘Get on the Right Thing’ 208Gibson ES-5 235Gibson Les Paul Goldtop 235Giddens, Anthony 11, 75, 111, 130,

276, 277Gilbert, Paul 31, 78, 229Gilbert, Tony 98, 99Giles, David 29, 177‘Gimme Some Truth’ 178Ginsberg, Allan 251, 252

‘Girl Of My Dreams’ 155Giuliano, Geoffrey 31, 201, 212,

213Give my Regards to Broad Street 258Glaveanu, Vlad 7, 9, 13, 14, 19,

135, 149, 182, 233, 234, 276Glover, Martin 254, 256‘Go Now’ 213‘God Only Knows’ 132Godrich, Nigel 226Goffin, Gerry 163, 165‘Golden Slumbers’ 179Golding, Craig 190, 195–197, 203,

209, 239Good Day Sunshine 267The Good Evening Europe Tour 64‘Good Morning, Good Morning’

156The Goons 153, 174Gorilla 201‘Got to Get You into My Life’ 229Gracen, Jorie 31Grade, Sir (now Baron) Lew 264Graham, Bill 249Grammy Awards 197, 253, 258, 269The Grateful Dead Photo Film 250Greenaway, Gavin 263Greenfield, Howard 163Greenfield, Susan 8‘Green, Green Grass of Home’ 212Green, Lucy 53, 54Griffiths, Brian 56Grillo, Oscar 258Grimshaw, Caroline 31, 65, 68–70Grohl, Dave 253group creativity 149, 150, 183Guilford, J.P. 7Guinness Book of Records 270

Index 291

HHaefeli, Mark 32haiku 252Hamburg 55–57, 63, 67, 86, 156Hammel, John 65, 68Hammond, Ian 29, 79, 80, 97Hammond, John 198harmony 57, 59, 99, 160, 167, 179,

196, 229, 230, 232, 238Harries, Dave 198, 199, 206, 212,

218Harris, Anne 6Harris, Emmylou 229Harrison, Charles 95Harrison, Clive 26Harrison, George 52, 86, 95, 125,

133, 155, 156, 160, 173, 175,177–179, 200, 224, 250

Hass, Richard 25Hawkes, Greg 222Hayes, Sean 265Hear Music 228, 268Heartbreak Hotel 154Heaven Club 254Heilbronner, Oded 29Heinonen, Yrjö 28, 29, 77, 80, 94‘Help’ 92–94, 98, 166, 199‘Helter Skelter’ 253Hemphill Brothers Coach Company

66Hendrix, Jimi 204Hennessey, Beth 10, 13, 107, 148,

149Hennion, Antoine 23, 65, 95, 123,

124, 192, 193Hepworth, David 31, 45Hepworth-Sawyer, Russ 190,

195–197, 203, 209, 239‘Here Comes the Sun’ 179

Hertsgaard, Mark 29Hesmondhalgh, David 22, 191Heuger, Markus 29, 80, 93Hewson, Richard 207Hey Grandude 257‘Hey Jude’ 69, 79, 166, 201, 204‘Hi Hi Hi’ 257High Art 137High Gate farm 214Hill, MIchael 154historiometric approach 9Hodgson, Brian 249Hofner 58, 236Hofner 5001 235Hofner 5001 bass 236Hog Hill Mill 215–217, 232, 234,

277‘Hold On, I’m Comin’ 132Holland-Dozier-Holland 163Holly, Buddy 152, 158, 264Hollywood Walk of Fame 270Holmes á Court, Robert 264Homer-Dixon, Thomas 16, 275Hopkin, Mary 189, 203, 204, 207Horn, Trevor 221Hotel George V 95Howe, Michael 5, 6, 75, 175, 176How I Won the War 171‘How Many People’ 221‘Howl’ 251Hughes, Chris 222Human League 216Hutcheon, David 31, 57, 215, 256

IIachimoe, Ian 248‘I Am the Walrus’ 174‘I Can Bet’ 229

292 Index

‘If You Gotta Make a Fool ofSomebody’ 86

‘I Feel Fine’ 122, 166‘I Got You, I Feel Good’ 132‘I Hear A Symphony’ 132illumination 150‘I’m Not in Love’ 216‘I’m the Urban Spaceman’ 201Imagine 178‘I Me Mine’ 178immersed/immersion 22, 25, 47,

53, 54, 74, 76–78, 80, 83,86–89, 98, 101, 115, 149,151, 152, 157, 169, 173, 182,189–191, 197, 200, 220, 237,239, 271–273, 276

‘In My Life’ 167–169increasing returns 269, 274incubation 150Indian philosophies 173Individualism 3–5, 7–12, 14, 17–19,

21–26, 28, 30, 56, 74–76, 79,80, 88, 89, 101, 108, 111,112, 114, 116, 117, 124, 130,134, 140, 148–151, 157–159,162, 163, 167, 169, 176, 177,182, 183, 189, 191–193, 217,219, 238, 255, 276, 277

individualist perspective 15Indra nightclub, the 55Inglis, Ian 29, 77, 81, 100, 111, 164Innes, Neil 201, 202innovation 5, 15, 89, 97, 114, 125,

192, 273, 278inspirationist view 233instrumentation 62, 120, 222, 232interconnectedness 15–17, 29, 109International Space Station crew 267International Times 173, 249

intuition 87, 150INXS 254‘I Saw Her Standing There’ 85, 161Isle of Man 257The Isley Brothers 79, 152‘It’s Not Too Bad’ 172It’s 2 Easy 132iTunes Festival 267The Iveys 205‘I Want To Hold Your Hand’ 165

JJacaranda Club, the 52Jackson, Michael 215, 264Jagger, Mick 251, 260Jamaican 30, 221James, Dick 133, 159, 264‘Jet’ 212Joel, Billy 197, 270John, Ethan 229John Foster & Sons Ltd Black Dyke

Mills Band 202Johns, Glyn 179, 229Jones, Quincy 197‘Junior’s Farm’ 212‘Just Fun’ 161

KKabaka, Remi 211Kahne, David 226Kaiserkeller Club, the 56Kant, Immanuel 4Karkhurin, Anotoly 7Katz, Bob 227Kaye, Lenny 253Kehew, Brian 31, 126, 127, 129,

130

Index 293

Kennedy Center Honors 270Kenyan safari 172Kern, Jerome 79, 152Kerouac, Jack 251Kerr, DJ Roy 250Kerrigan, Susan 6, 109, 151Killing Joke 254King, Carole 163, 165King Cole, Nat 79, 152King Lear 174King, Martin 29King’s Singers, the 258Kinnock, Neil 263Kintyre 59Kirschmeider, Bruno 55Kisses on the Bottom 253Klein, Alan 180, 181, 226, 264Koestler, Arthur 16, 109, 110

holarchy 16, 27, 109, 110, 112,122, 139, 140, 275

holon 16, 26, 109, 110, 112, 117,119, 122, 123, 131, 138–140

Kreisler, Fritz 58Kruse, Robert 29Kurstin, Greg 230, 231

LLaboriel, Abe 69, 226, 260Labour Party 263‘Lady Madonna’ 166Lagos 52, 190, 209–211Laine, Denny 52, 59, 209, 210, 213,

215, 216, 225Laine, Frankie 79, 152Laszlo, Ervin 15, 109, 110The Late Late Show with James

Corden 265Latour, Bruno 233

Lear, Edward 118, 153Lebuda, Izabela 7, 9Ledbetter, Huddie 48Led Zeppelin 62, 229, 270Leiber, Jerry 163, 171Lennon, Alfred “Freddie” 153Lennon, John 28, 48, 49, 74, 85,

86, 91, 94–96, 100, 112, 116,117, 119–121, 124, 125, 133,139, 140, 147, 150, 151, 153,155, 157–159, 161–170, 174,178–183, 199, 200, 220, 246,257, 264, 269, 273, 274

Lennon, Julia 153Lennon, Sean 147Lester, Dick 92‘Let it Be’ 60, 166, 178, 179, 181,

229, 258, 259Lewis, Jerry Lee 152Lewisohn, Mark 31, 48, 49, 59–62,

64, 74, 79, 85, 96, 98–100,115, 121, 124, 125, 128, 129,152–155, 179, 199, 205, 215,250

Library of Congress Gershwin Prizefor Popular Song 270

LIFE magazine 247Lilliestam, Lars 54Lipson, Steve 221‘Little Lamb Dragonfly’ 258‘Little White Lies’ 154‘Live and Let Die’ 62, 69‘Live At The ICA Festival’ 267live performance 1, 59, 122, 171Liverpool 1, 45, 46, 48, 50, 52, 58,

63, 78, 115, 117, 147, 153,155, 161, 172, 205, 226, 250,255, 259, 261, 265, 266

Liverpool Anglican Cathedral 261

294 Index

Liverpool Institute for PerformingArts (LIPA) 263

‘Liverpool Lou’ 212Liverpool Oratorio 207, 222, 263‘Liverpool Sound Collage’ 250Livy, Ken 129Lombroso, Cesare 6London 45, 59, 61, 62, 77, 117,

133, 135, 137, 138, 172–174,190, 203, 206, 207, 210, 211,215, 222, 224, 228, 235, 249,252, 254, 262, 263, 267

London Evening Standard 172, 207London Voices 263‘The Long and Winding Road’ 166‘Long Haired Lady’ 206‘Long Tall Sally’ 47, 154Los Angeles 212, 215, 228, 253The Los Angeles Times 252‘Love Me Do’ 161, 265Lubart, Todd 7Lucas, Bill 6Ludwig, Bob 226, 228Luisi, Pier 16, 107, 274‘Lullaby of the Leaves’ 77Lush, Richard 112, 124, 199, 208Lynne, Jeff 224Lynn, Vera 79, 152

MMacDonald, Ian 30, 74, 136, 168MacDonald, Phil 112, 126Madison Square Garden 63, 259,

260Magdalen College 262Magdalen College Choir from

Oxford 263

‘Magical Mystery Tour’ 172, 178,201, 258

‘Magneto and Titanium Man’ 251Maharishi Mahesh Yogi 177Mahler 156Manhattan 163Mann, Barry 163Mann, William 156Mansfield, David 252Mantovani 96, 99Marotta, Jerry 217, 219Mars, Bruno 229Marsden, Gerry 266Martin D28 235Martindale, Colin 29Martin, George 27, 31, 70, 95,

96, 98–100, 112, 115, 119,122, 124, 128, 130, 131,133, 139, 152, 159, 160, 165,166, 172–175, 177, 179, 195,198–201, 203, 204, 207–209,214–216, 224, 228, 255, 261,262, 270

Martin, Giles 228Martins, Peter 263Marvin, Hank 54Marx, Karl 10‘Mary Had A Little Lamb’ 257Mashego, Teresa-Anne 7mastering 128, 226, 227Mattacks, Dave 215The ‘Matthew Effect’ 269‘Maybe I’m Amazed’ 52, 189, 225McCartney I 206, 225, 232McCartney II 215, 229, 232, 234McCartney III 231, 232, 234–237McCartney, Jim 46, 47McCartney, Linda 206, 209, 210,

215, 221, 225

Index 295

McCartney, Mike 47, 212McCartney, Paul 1, 2, 28–32,

45–55, 57–70, 73–83, 85, 86,88–102, 112–122, 124, 125,128, 133, 137, 139–141, 147,150–153, 155–170, 172–183,189–191, 197–222, 224–234,236–240, 245–278

McCartney Productions Limited(MPL) 61, 64–67, 224, 228,232, 263–265, 269, 277

McCracken, Hugh 59, 206McCullough, Henry 52, 208, 209McDonald, Phil 125, 205McGear 212McGee, Garry 31McGrath, James 29, 30McIntosh, Robbie 221McIntyre, Phillip 6, 11, 15, 17–19,

22, 28–30, 95, 108, 109, 111,130, 150, 151, 159, 167, 190,192–194, 196, 199, 239, 240,254, 255, 268

McRobbie, Angela 6Meany, Michael 6Mellers, Wilfrid 31, 100Mellotron 168, 173, 255melody 56, 73, 77, 79, 81–85, 88,

90–93, 95, 97, 101, 119, 122,164, 165, 167, 168, 171, 172,176, 178–180, 183, 232, 257

Member of the Most Excellent Orderof the British Empire (MBE)269

Memory Almost Full 226–228Mendes, Chico 221Menlove Avenue 153, 168mentor/mentoring 174, 197–199,

203, 215, 216, 224, 239

Mercury Records 252Merriam, Alan 55Merseyside 45, 263Merton, R.K. 269metanarrative 1Michael, George 197‘Michelle’ 57micro-system of record production

217Middle-eight 92, 165Mike Sammes Singers 207Miles, Barry 31, 81, 83, 84, 90,

92–96, 113, 118–120, 156,165, 166, 168, 173, 199, 203,204, 248, 249, 251

MIller, Steve 225, 266Minelli, Liza 197Misra, Girishwar 3Mitchell, Paul 31, 222‘Money’ 211‘Money (That’s What I Want)’ 85Montuori, Alfonso 7, 9, 13, 17, 19,

148, 275The Moody Blues 59, 213Moog 173, 230, 235‘Moonglow’ 86, 156Moon, Keith 257‘Moonlight Sonata’ 179Moore, Allan 29, 111Moore, Tommy 51Morey, Justin 25, 254, 255Morgan, Gareth 47–49, 57, 58, 70Most, Mickie 124Motalleebi, Shirin 7motivation

extrinsic 8, 117, 149, 174intrinsic 8, 117, 149, 167

‘Motor of Love’ 221, 222Motown 122, 163

296 Index

Mouth Almighty 252, 253‘Move It’ 54MPL Communication 263MPL Publishing 264Mpofu, Elias 7MTV 216–219, 253MTV Europe Music Awards 269MTV Video Music Awards 269‘Mull of Kintyre’ 213Murphy, Jeff 227muse, the 3, 5, 22, 74, 82, 85, 86,

191, 225musical creativity 23–26musical ecosystem 272musician/musicians 1, 24, 32, 46,

48, 49, 51, 53–63, 67–69, 73,77, 78, 85, 92, 97–99, 111,115, 122, 132, 133, 139, 148,155, 157, 165, 182, 189–193,195–197, 206, 209–212, 215,217–219, 221, 224–226, 230,233, 239, 240, 252–254, 266,268, 270

musician-producer 190, 239music industry 24, 28, 89, 90, 95,

120, 192, 224, 234, 264, 267music producers 25, 193My Aim Is True 220‘My Love’ 208Myambo, Kathleen 7

NNASA Astronaut Bill McArthur 267Nash 229Nashville 62, 190, 201, 212National Academy of Recording Arts

and Sciences 197

Negus, Keith 6, 15, 21–23, 74, 75,77, 157, 191, 223, 246, 273

NEMS 213network 10, 15, 16, 29, 109–111,

113, 124, 157, 192, 204, 272,274, 277, 278

networks of collaboration 14neuropsychology 8New 228–230New Orleans 190, 212The New World Tour 64New York 59, 63, 163, 175, 190,

206, 226, 228, 252, 259, 260New York City Ballet 263New York Philharmonic Orchestra

206Nigeria 52, 209, 211Nijstad, Bernard 149, 150Nilsson, Harry 204Niu, Wehai 2NME 246Nobile, Drew 29non-linearity 15–17, 19, 108, 272,

274, 275Norman, Philip 31, 56, 57, 132,

133, 135, 136, 216, 217, 219,220, 225, 257, 270

Northern Songs 133, 159, 178, 264‘Not A Second Time’ 156

OOcean’s Kingdom 263O’Connor, Brian 265O’Connor, Sinead 197‘Octopus’s Garden’ 179Off the Ground 223, 254, 255Okun, Milt 198‘One After 909’ 161

Index 297

The One on One Tour 64Ono, Yoko 175, 264The On the Run Tour 64Oobu Joobu 257The Orb 254Orbison, Roy 163Orchard, Steve 232, 234, 236–239Order of the Companions of Honour

(CH) 269organized complexity 15Ostwald, Michael 6The Out There Tour 64Owen, Alun 85Owens, Buck 78, 152

PPadgham, Hugh 216, 217, 220, 277‘Paperback Writer’ 102, 107,

111–113, 115, 119, 121–123,125, 126, 128, 132, 135, 136,138–140, 148, 162, 176, 248,275

Paris 49, 95, 248Parker, Bobby 79Parnes, Larry 51, 56Parsons, Alan 207Pascall, Jeremy 31Paton, Elizabeth 5, 6, 17, 109, 240Paul and the Finchley Frogettes 258Paul McCartney’s Liverpool Oratorio

261paulmccartney.com 265–267Paulus, Paul 149, 150Pedler, Dominic 31, 79, 86, 115,

119, 121, 152, 156, 163, 165,166

Peel, Ian 31, 133, 160, 173, 206,207, 252–256

Pennebaker, James 29‘Penny Lane’ 168, 229, 249Perasi, Luca 31, 220–222, 227, 228,

236performing musician 32, 45–47, 50,

55, 57, 63Pestalozzi Children’s Choir 215Peter and Gordon 248Peterson, Oscar 197Peterson, Richard 7, 10, 192, 271Petrie, Duncan 6, 7, 74Petrie, Keith 29Pet Sounds 120, 133, 174Pickering, Michael 6, 16, 21, 74, 75,

77, 157, 191, 273Pieper, Jorg 32Pink Floyd 211, 249Pipes of Peace 215, 219Plant, Robert 62Plato 3–5Playboy Magazine 166, 167The Police 216Pomus, Doc 163Pope, Robert 6popular music 1, 21, 22, 24, 27–30,

57, 75, 76, 80, 89, 90, 96,101, 132, 138, 147, 148,151–153, 157, 159, 164, 170,182, 190, 194, 204, 223, 227,228, 234, 239, 246, 248, 269,270, 272, 273, 275

Portillo, Michael 263Portugal 93Postcard 204Powell, Aubrey 32, 84preparation 150, 248, 249Presley, Elvis 152, 235Press to Play 215, 216, 219, 220The Pretenders 221

298 Index

Pritzker, Steven 7producer 11, 27, 70, 87, 95, 119,

124, 131, 175, 179, 190,194–198, 200–204, 206–209,214–218, 221, 222, 226,228–231, 239, 240, 250, 254,265, 270, 277

production of culture approach 10‘P.S. I Love You’ 265psychological reductionism 12psychology 8, 9, 12, 29, 84Purser, Ronald 9Putnam, Bill 198Putnam, Junior 212

QQ Awards 269Quarry Bank 154Quarrymen, the 48–50, 148‘Queenie Eye’ 230

RRadio Luxembourg 115, 154Ram 59, 197, 206, 207, 225, 251‘Ram On’ 251‘Ramona’ 155Ramone, Phil 197, 198, 206, 251Ramon, Paul 247, 251Ransome-Kuti, Fela 211Ray, Brian 69, 260Rayner, Eddie 217‘Real Love’ 224Reck, David 29recording engineer 190, 196, 240record producer 32, 76, 111, 159,

182, 183, 189–191, 193–198,

200, 216, 224, 232, 233, 240,261

record production 1, 110, 111, 128,140, 189, 190, 194–196, 201,203, 207, 220, 233, 240, 271

REDD Desk 126Red Rose Speedway 208, 229, 258Reed, Jerry 62Reed, Lou 207Reising, Russell 29Return of the Forgotten poetry

festival 252‘Revolution 9’ 174, 175, 250‘Revolution’ 125Revolver 119, 122, 124, 125, 133,

167, 171, 174, 209, 245rhythm 48, 93, 121, 128, 200, 201,

211, 218, 222, 229, 232Richard, Cliff 54Richard, Little 47, 67, 152, 154Rickenbacker 58, 122, 236Rihanna 253Rio 64Robbins, Joel 21Robertson, Robbie 270Robinson, Smokey 163, 165rock and roll 46, 78, 133, 152, 204,

226, 269Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 270‘Rock Around the Clock’ 154‘Rock Island Line’ 48Rogers, Nile 266‘Roll Over Beethoven’ 85Rolling Stone 180, 220, 246, 259The Rolling Stones 229Romantic 4, 6–8, 11, 23, 30, 73, 74,

76, 83, 101, 117, 148, 175,176, 191, 192, 233, 273

Romantic agony 148

Index 299

Romanticism 3, 4, 6, 28, 190, 192,276

Ronson, Mark 229Ronstadt, Linda 229Rothenberg, Albert 4Roundhouse 174, 249Rouse, Allan 31, 214Royal, Kate 263Royal Liverpool Philharmonic

Orchestra 261Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and

Choir 262Rubber Soul 167, 245Rubin, Rick 194Rude Studios 213Runco, Mark 5, 7, 8Run Devil Run 226Run-DMC 194Rupert the Bear 257Russian Cosmonaut Valery Tokarev

267Ryan, Kevin 31, 126, 127, 129, 130

SSahwney, Nitin 253Salewicz, Chris 31, 61, 76, 81, 92,

156, 204, 248‘Sally G’ 212Saltaire 202Sandford, Christopher 31‘Save the Last Dance for Me’ 80Saville Row 264Sawyer, Keith 2, 4, 6–9, 14, 15, 17,

21, 109, 148–151, 157, 169,176, 182, 183, 272

Sax, Sidney 98scalability 15, 17, 23, 26, 29, 111

Schaffner, Nicholas 31, 134, 171,172

Scheurer, Timothy 164, 165Schön, Donald 87Schultheiss, Tom 31, 85, 133Schwartau, Bill 198science 6, 7, 60, 75, 268scientific creativity 10Scotch and Coke 135, 213Scotland 51, 59, 213, 221, 247, 257Scott, Ken 159, 174, 177, 204‘Sea Melody’ 258Seattle Kingdome 64The Second Album 132Second World War 77, 259The Secret Tour 64Sedaka, Neil 163Seiwell, Denny 52, 59, 206, 209selection 20, 59, 67, 89, 111, 116,

181, 183, 194, 196self-organisation 15, 17, 109, 275‘September in the Rain’ 79, 152Setzer, Brian 197Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band

172, 174, 177, 200, 209The Shadows 93Shaw, Greg 163‘She Loves You’ 85Sheldonian Theatre 262‘She Said, She Said’ 174‘She’s Leaving Home’ 199Sheridan, Tony 56Shuker, Roy 22, 23, 157, 164, 191,

193, 223, 224Shuman, Mort 163Sigthorsson, Gauti 4, 5‘Silly Love Songs’ 57Simon, Paul 197

300 Index

Simonton, Dean Keith 3, 7, 9, 10,12

Sinatra, Frank 154, 158, 197singalongs 46, 78, 152Siouxsie and the Banshees 254Skelton, Zach 230skiffle 48, 49, 156, 158Skyttner, Lars 16, 109, 275Smartless 265Smith, John 175Smith, Keith 232, 234–236, 238Smith, Larry 201Smith, Norman 124, 159, 200Smokey Robinson and the Miracles

168social and cultural structures 19social conditions 18social creativity research 9social distribution 14social-personality approach 8sociocultural approach 9sociology 9, 10, 29Sodajerker on Songwriting 265Soft Machine 249Soho Square 235, 263‘Somedays’ 225‘Something’ 179‘Somewhere Over the Rainbow’ 79,

152‘Song of the Earth’ 156song structure 54, 59, 113, 164, 232songwriting 1, 25, 26, 28, 48, 73,

74, 76, 77, 80, 84, 86, 88,90, 93–95, 112–114, 117,119, 120, 124, 128, 138–140,147, 148, 151–153, 155–159,161–165, 167, 169, 170, 174,175, 180, 182, 189, 191,196, 199, 216, 217, 220, 221,

228, 239, 248, 253, 264–266,269–271

Sony/ATV Publishing 264Sony Publishing 264The Soul Album 132The Sound of Silence 132Sounes, Howard 59, 137, 201, 211,

221, 261–264Southall, Brian 31, 124, 131, 214Spain 171, 172Spector, Phil 179Spence, Helen 31Spencer, Ellen 6Spinozza, Dave 206Split Enz 217Spotify 265Springsteen, Bruce 270Srivastava, Ashok 3‘Stairway to Paradise’ 77Standing Stone 207, 258, 262Stanshall, Vivian 201, 257Starbucks 267, 268Star Club 57Starr, Ringo 52, 125, 133, 159, 179,

215, 225, 234Stax Records 163Stein, Morris 7, 90Steinway Baby Grand 234Sternberg, Robert 2, 5, 7, 75, 85Stern, Howard 265Stewart, Eric 215–220Stewart, Rod 197Stiff Records 220Sting 70, 254St John’s Wood 117, 133, 173, 205Stockhausen 133, 172Stokes, Geoffrey 31Stoller, Mike 163, 171St Paul’s Choir 258

Index 301

Stratton, Jon 30, 223Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest 255Strawberry Fields 168‘Strawberry Fields Forever’ 27, 172,

199Streisand, Barbra 197Strepsil 68structural factors 28, 183, 193, 276structures 4, 10–12, 17, 19, 20,

23–25, 75, 88, 89, 108, 109,111–115, 130, 134, 139, 140,152, 156, 159, 164, 166,168–170, 172, 182, 183, 191,192, 194, 222, 255, 262, 271,272, 274, 276, 278

Stuart, Hamish 221Studer multitrack 206Suczek, Barbara 29The Sugarcubes 254‘Summer in the City’ 132The Summer Live ‘09 tour 64Sundance Film Festival 253‘Sunday Rain’ 52‘Sunny Afternoon’ 132Sun Valley Studio 224Super Furry Animals 253Surrey 177Sutcliffe, Stuart 57Swansea 205‘Sweet Georgia Brown’ 79, 152symbolic goods 18systems model of creativity 14, 15,

22, 73, 75, 76, 116, 120, 123,127, 131, 134–136, 271

T‘Take it Away’ 52Taylor, Derek 158

Taylor, Robert 227Tears for Fears 222‘Tears of a Clown’ 168Ted Brown Music Co 95Tedder, Ryan 230Te Kanawa, Dame Kiri 26210cc 215, 216‘That Was Me’ 226‘That’ll Be the Day’ 154‘The Things We Do For Love’ 216Thomas, Chris 174, 175Thomas, Dylan 257Thompson, Paul 16, 26, 27, 108,

111, 153, 155, 158, 164, 171,173, 194, 196, 199, 217, 233,275

‘Those Were The Days’ 203Thrillington 207, 251Thrillington, Percy ‘Thrills’ 207,

247, 251Tibetan philosophies 173‘Ticket to Ride’ 122, 124, 166Tighe, Elizabeth 8‘Till There Was You’ 85time 16, 20, 21, 28, 32, 50–52, 56,

61, 69, 77, 84, 86, 88–91,93, 96, 97, 100, 113, 115,118, 119, 124, 125, 128,129, 131–134, 137, 138, 140,149, 153, 159, 160, 163, 166,167, 171, 172, 174, 177–181,195, 196, 198, 199, 202, 205,209, 212, 221–225, 228, 231,232, 234, 235, 238, 239, 245,246, 248, 252, 261, 263, 265,267–270, 273–275, 278

The Times 156Tin Pan Alley 79, 163, 165, 245

302 Index

‘Tomorrow Never Knows’ 119, 125,255

Toussant, Allain 212Townsend, Ken 112, 125, 126, 129,

139Townshend, Pete 260Toxteth 153Toynbee, Jason 21, 23, 24, 98, 170,

192, 193, 195, 239tradition 3, 10–12, 15, 25, 46, 47,

54, 77, 79, 80, 117, 129, 153,155, 157, 158, 163, 164, 182,190, 203, 239, 273

Tram Sheds 168transmission 20Travelling Wilburys 224Tschmuck, Peter 24Tug of War 52, 215, 216, 219‘Turn Turn Turn’ 204Turner, Joe 79Turner, Steve 31, 73, 115, 117, 118,

249, 250‘Twenty Flight Rock’ 48Twiggy 203‘Twin Freaks’ 250Twin Towers 259‘Twist and Shout’ 85, 86

UU2 254, 270‘The Ugly Duckling’ 264UK BAFTA (British Academy

Award) 258‘Unchained Melody’ 264Unit Delta Plus 249Universal International 228Universal Music 266Universal Music Enterprises 268

Unplugged Tour 64The Up and Coming Tour 64‘Uptown Funk’ 229The ‘US’ Tour 64

Vvan Sant, Gus 253variation 20, 25, 73, 76, 80, 90,

101, 121, 164, 169, 191, 205,240, 278

Vaughan, Ivan 257vegetable percussion 174Velikovsky, Joe 17, 109, 110‘Venus and Mars’ 61, 212, 217verification 90, 101, 150The Verve 254Vincent, Gene 49Vince, Peter 31, 214Virgin Islands 190Visconti, Tony 204, 207, 208, 211Vox AC-30 235Vygotsky, Lev 6

WWagner, Naphtali 29Wal 5-string bass 236Waldrop, Mitchell 16, 17, 274, 275,

278‘Walk on the Wild Side’ 207‘Walk This Way’ 194Walker Art Gallery 256‘Walking in the Park with Eloise’

212Wallas, Graham 94, 150Waller, Fats 78, 152Waller, Gordon 248Wally Heider Studio 212

Index 303

Washington, Dinah 79, 152The Washington Post 259Watson, Peter 4, 6, 28Watts, Ernie 215‘We All Stand Together’ 258‘We Can Work It Out’ 166, 167‘We Gotta Get Outta this Place’ 132Webb, Bernard 247, 248Weber, Erin 30, 31, 246Weil, Cynthia 163Weisberg, Robert 2, 5, 7, 13, 25, 75,

80, 86, 88, 89, 157, 175, 176Weiten, Will 75, 84Welsh, Bruce 93, 94, 203Wenner, Jann 175West, Alan 29West, Kanye 253Wexler, Jerry 198Weybridge 117, 118, 139, 168‘What’s That You’re Doing?’ 265Whissell, Cynthia 29The White Album 52, 174, 175, 177,

250, 267‘White Christmas’ 270White Elephant 126White, Monte 95Whitman, Slim 48, 78, 152The Who 122, 229, 257‘Whole Lotta Shakin’ 154‘Why Don’t We Do It In The Road?’

253Wickens, Paul ‘Wix’ 69, 221, 225,

260Wicke, Peter 23, 175, 191, 192Wild Life 213Williams, Allan 31, 51, 52, 55, 158Williams, Anthony 6Williams, Hank 78, 152, 158Wilson, Tony 213

Wimpole Street 77, 92Winehouse, Amy 229Wings 32, 49, 59–63, 66, 203,

208–210, 212, 213, 225, 235,255, 258, 266, 274

Wings Over America 56With the Beatles 86Witten, Chris 221, 223Wittkower, Rudolf 5Woffinden, Bob 31Wolff, Janet 7, 10, 23, 159, 192,

274Wolf, Richard 58Womack, Kenneth 29, 31‘Woman’ 248The Wonderstuff 254Wood, Len 132Woolton 49, 147, 148, 153‘The Word’ 229Word magazine 250Working Classical 262World Cup, The 135‘World Without Love’ 248WWII 45, 138, 260, 261

Y‘Yellow Submarine’ 166, 202, 257‘Yesterday’ 30, 70, 73–77, 79, 81–

83, 88, 91, 93, 95, 97–102,107, 126, 148, 167, 176, 180,199, 270, 275

‘You Can’t Catch Me’ 180‘You Gave Me The Answer’ 266‘You Know My Name (Look Up the

Number)’ 180‘You Really Got A Hold On Me’ 85‘You’ve Really Got a Hold on Me’

168

304 Index

Young, Neil 270‘Your Feet’s Too Big’ 57Youth 136, 154, 253–256Youtube 54, 121, 122, 265, 266

ZZak, Albin 195Zinovieff, Peter 249Zolberg, Vera 7, 10