Ocean Data and Information System

E. Pattabhi Rama RaoHead-Data and information Management Group

Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)Hyderabad

GISE, IIT-Bombay, December 17, 2009

Presentation Outline

About INCOIS Ocean Data and Information System Ocean Observing System Ocean Data Management Live Access Server Ocean Information and Advisory Services Summary

The Mission of INCOIS

To provide the Ocean data, information and advisory services to society, industry, government agencies and scientific community through sustained ocean observations and constant improvements through systematic and focussed research.

Data Assimilation and Ocean Modeling Data Assimilation and Ocean Modeling

Remote Sensing Satellites Oceansat-1(1999)

Ocean Colour Monitor

Oceansat-2(2009)Ocean Colour Monitor, Scatterometer

Foreign Satellites

Remote Sensing Satellites Oceansat-1(1999)

Ocean Colour Monitor

Oceansat-2(2009)Ocean Colour Monitor, Scatterometer

Foreign Satellites

In-situ Observations• Argo Profiling Floats• Data Buoys• Current Meter Arrays• XBTs, Tide gauges• Sea Truth

In-situ Observations• Argo Profiling Floats• Data Buoys• Current Meter Arrays• XBTs, Tide gauges• Sea Truth

Satellite Oceanography

Satellite Oceanography

National Infrastructure NetworkNational Infrastructure Network

Potential Fishing Zone Advisory ServicesOcean State Forecast ServicesContribution to Weather/Monsoon/Climate ForecastEarly Warning for Tsunami and Storm SurgesInformation Bank & Web-based ServicesValue-added Services

Potential Fishing Zone Advisory ServicesOcean State Forecast ServicesContribution to Weather/Monsoon/Climate ForecastEarly Warning for Tsunami and Storm SurgesInformation Bank & Web-based ServicesValue-added Services

Fishing Community Fishing Community

Ports and Harbours Off-shore and Shipping

Ports and Harbours Off-shore and Shipping

IMD, Navy, NHO, Coast Guards

IMD, Navy, NHO, Coast Guards

Coastal States Coastal States

Research Institutions Academia

Research Institutions Academia

Ocean Observation Systems and Information Services-The Indian Agenda for the Near Future

National Oceanographic Data Centre

National Oceanographic Data Centre

Activities of DMG

In-situ and satellite data reception systems and data processing

Ocean Data Management Data Assembly & Standardization Meta Database Generation Quality Control Database Organization Web-based Data Services

Data Discovery Visualization Transfer

National (NODC) and Regional Data Centre (Argo, IOGOOS)

Ocean Data and Information System

Marine Data CentresMarine Data Centres

IndOOSIndOOS

Ocean Observing System

Ocean Observing System

Data ServicesData

Services

Satellite DataAcquisition and

Processing System

Satellite DataAcquisition and

Processing System

GTSGTS

HistoricalData SetsHistoricalData Sets

In-situ RemoteSensing

IODE IOGOOS ODINCINDIOGlobal Change

Master Directory (GCMD/NASA)

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD/NASA)

Metadata

OGC

MetadataData from

other sourcesData from

other sources

Project/Experiment Specific Data

Project/Experiment Specific Data

End-to-end System: Reception Processing Archival Dissemination

OceanSites

Ocean Observing Systems – In-situ

Argo Floats Moored Buoys Drifting Buoys

TideGauges

XBT Current MeterArrays

Research Vessels

NIO/INCOISNIOTINCOIS NIO/INCOIS NIO/INCOIS NCAOR/CMLRE

SOI/NIOT

T sun am i B u o y

SATELLITE

NIOT/INCOIS

BP R

A c ou s ticT ra n sd uc ers

An te n na

T sun am i B u o y

SATELLITE

NIOT/INCOIS

BP R

A c ou s ticT ra n sd uc ers

An te n na

Deep Ocean Tsunami Buoys

Coastal Radars

Bhuj BhopalBokaro

Chennai

DehradunSamlaDharamshala

DELHI

HYDERABAD

Goa

Pune

Shillong

Thiruvananthapuram Minicoy

Vishakapattinam

Diglipur

Seismic Network

NIOT NIOT IMD

Gliders

INCOIS

IRSP5/P6

Ocean Observations through Satellites

◆Sea SurfaceTemperature

(SST)

Radiometer(VIS-TIR)Radiometer(VIS-TIR)

◆Ocean Colour

◆Coastal Process

Radiometer(VIS, NIR)Radiometer(VIS, NIR)

◆Wind Speed

◆SST◆Sea Ice

Extent

Radiometer(MW)

Radiometer(MW)

◆Wave Ht.◆Sea Level

◆Sea IceElevation

AltimeterAltimeter

◆Wave Spectrum

◆Surface Wind

Vector

ScatterometerScatterometer

IRS-1C/D

NOAA(AVHRR)

NOAA(AVHRR)

JasonJason

Radar Imaging Satellite

Oceansat-2

TOPEXTOPEX

IRS-P4OCM, MSMR

ERSERS RadarsatRadarsat

SARSAR

Megha Tropiques

TRMMTRMM

INSAT Series

Argo: The Global Profiling Float ProjectArgo: The Global Profiling Float Project

3182 Floats (Dec 16, 2009)

Argo Float Data

Data availability:

Oct 2002 - till date Active No. of Floats: 591 Total No. of Floats: 1044 Indian Floats: 168 T and S Profiles: ~

1,00,000 Data formats:

ASCII Text, NetCDF, Plots (Jpeg)

Argo Float Data Products

Temperature, Salinity and Geostrophic Currents (0, 75, 100, 200, 500, 100 M depths)

Heat Content up to 300 M Mixed Layer Depth, Isothermal Layer

Depth Depth of 20° and 26° Isotherms Dynamic Height Sea Surface Height Anomaly

Monthly Gridded Data Products

Water Plot of Temperature Water Plot of Salinity Temp Vs Sal Plot Time Series Surface Temperature Time Series Bottom Pressure Time Series Surface Salinity Time Series Surface Pressure Float Trajectory

Float-wise Plots

National Data Buoy Programme Data availability: 1997-till

date from 22 Buoys (3 hourly data)

Parameters Air Pressure, Air

Temperature, Wind, Humidity, SST, Currents, Wave Parameters

Data Format : ASCII Text Data is being disseminated in

real-time to IMD, Coast Guard, DNOM for their operational use

Data is supplied to the users on request for research applications and commercial applications

http://www.incois.gov.in/Incois/moored1_old.jsp

Real-time Plots for OB10

Measurement of Met-Ocean Parameters and Surface Velocities using Satellite Tracked Drifting Buoys in the Indian Ocean

Data availability: 1990-Till Date (3 hourly data)

Parameters Air Pressure Sea Surface Temperature Sea Surface Currents

No. of Buoys: 150 Data Records: about 1,50,000 QC by NIO (Ref: Hansen and

Poulain) Climatology of near surface

currents (2ox2o) derived from the trajectories of buoys deployed during 1985-2006

XBT Observations for Long Term Monitoring of Upper Ocean Thermal Fields in the Seas around India

Data availability: 1991-2008 Parameters

Temperature Profiles Surface Meteorological

parameters Profiles: 4683 Records: 6,49,329 QC - Ref. CSIRO Handbook) Data format: Text Development of web-interface for

data delivery and visualization is under progress

Current Meter Mooring Array Data

Equatorial Current Meter Mooring Array

Data availability: 2000-2006 (Hourly data)

Current Vector at various depths Records: 432351 Data formats: Text, Plots (Jpeg)

Coastal Ocean Monitoring and Prediction System (COMAPS)

Data from 41 stations (of 76) stations is archived (seasonal data sets)

Parameters Physical, Biological and

Chemical

Data Availability: 1992 onwards

QC performed by ICMAM Data Formats: Text and

Graphs

Real Time Seismic Monitoring Network

Response Hydra

Network of 27 Indian broadband seismic stations

Data from International stations

Data Acquisition, Processing, Auto location and Archival using Response Hydra as well as SESICOMP 3

Earthquakes of > M6 are being auto-located within 5 - 12 Min of Occurrence

EQ parameters conform well with those put out by USGS / GEOFON

Deep Ocean Assessment and Reporting System for Detection of TsunamisDeep Ocean Assessment and Reporting System for Detection of Tsunamis Network of 12

Bottom Pressure Recorders

Four BPRs are deployed in Bay of Bengal & two in Arabian Sea

15 minute in normal mode & 15 sec averages in tsunami mode

Real time data is being received at INCOIS and NIOT

Tide Gauge NetworkTide Gauge Network Currently 35 Tide

Gauges installed and operational at 18 locations along the Indian Coast

15 more being planned in the next 1 year

1 minute averages transmitted every 5/10 minutes

Real-time Data being received at INCOIS, SOI & NIOT

INCOIS receiving data from 40 International Stations in the Indian & Pacific Ocean through Internet with a delay of 15 minutes.

Modelling for Operational ForecastingModelling for Operational ForecastingThe TUNAMI N2 model is customized for Indian Ocean region

This model had been extensively validated using the December 26 2004 Tsunami observations

For operational forecast A large database of open ocean propagations scenarios For epicenters separated by 100 km all along two Tsunamigenic zones Scenarios for different magnitudes (6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0 & 9.5) and depths (10, 20, 40, 60, 80 & 100 km)

Travel timesSurge heightsDirectivity maps

Each simulation covers the entire Indian Ocean domain with 15 hours simulation time and a time step of 5 seconds. Out put profiles are generated at 30 m bathymetry for about 1800 coastal fore cast points (CFPs) covering the entire Indian ocean rim countries including Tide Gauge & BPR locations

Coastal Inundation MappingCoastal Inundation Mapping Coastal Inundation

scenarios simulated for 5 historical Earthquakes using TUNAMI N2 model and the predicted inundation areas have been overlaid on cadastral level maps of 1:5000 scale.

Coastal Bathymetry: Maps of Special Order are required (Accuracy 0.5 M)

Coastal Topography: Contour Intervals of 0.5 M at 1:25, 000 Scale are required

Topography Data being generated using Cartosat and ALTM Surveys

Bathymetric Survey conducted for a few vulnerable areas. Detailed survey being planned for other areas.

1m contours overlaid on ortho image

Bathymetric Survey for Cuddalore

Coastal HF RADAR

(1) Cuddalore

(2) Kalpakkam

(3) Machilipatnam

(4) Ravva Gas field

(5) Gopalpur

(6) Puri

(7) Mahua

(8) Wasi Borsi

(9) Andaman (Port Blair)

(10) Little Andaman

(Hut Bay)

Bay of Bengal ObservatoryBay of Bengal Observatory

• To generate a high quality data on temperature, salinity, oxygen and currents in the upper ocean by deploying a single deep-sea current meter mooring at 18°N, 89°E in the northern Bay of Bengal

•To generate quality data on surface meteorological parameters from a moored buoy in the northern Bay of Bengal

•To describe the sub-intraseasonal variability in the near-surface fields of temperature, salinity, oxygen and currents in the northern Bay of Bengal

•To investigate the mixed layer heat budget in the northern Bay of Bengal

ObjectiveObjective

Oceanographic Research VesselsOceanographic Research Vessels

ORV Sagarkanya – NCAORORV Sagarkanya – NCAOR

FORV Sagar Sampada – CMLREFORV Sagar Sampada – CMLRE

Sagar Manjusha – NIOTSagar Manjusha – NIOT

Sagar Purvi and Paschami – NIOTSagar Purvi and Paschami – NIOT

(Coastal Research Vessels)(Coastal Research Vessels)

Sagar Nidhi - NIOTSagar Nidhi - NIOT

ORV SagarkanyaORV Sagarkanya

Data on GTS

47% of sites presently occupied (22 of 46)

RAMA: Present status

April 2009 Aug 2009

GTS DataSource Parameters Period

Ship Wind Direction, Wind Speed, Air Temperature, Sea Surface Temperature,

August 2007 – till date

Synop Wind Direction, Wind Speed, Air Temperature, Dew-Point Temperature, Pressure at Station Level, Pressure at Mean Level

Buoy Wind Speed, Air Temperature, Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity

Tesac Temperature and Salinity Profiles

Other Data Sets

World Ocean Data Base World Ocean Circulation Experiment Climatology Data Sets (Levitus, Reynolds

etc.) Reanalysis and Model Data Sets Project Specific Data Sets

Arabian Sea Monsoon Experiment Bay of Bengal Monsoon Experiment

Satellite Data Acquisition and Processing System (SDAPS)

2.4 m Polar Orbiting Tracking Antenna inside a 3.2 m Radome X/L-Band Feed

2.4 m Polar Orbiting Tracking Antenna inside a 3.2 m Radome X/L-Band Feed

Acquisition and Processing Systems

Real time data acquisition from: In-situ Platforms: Argo Floats,

Drifting Buoys in the Indian Ocean

Remote Sensing Satellites: NOAA-17, 18 & 19 Terra and Aqua (MODIS)

Providing real-time data for in-house operational activities as well as other operational agencies like IMD & NCMRWF

~ 5 TB/YearIn-SituData

In-SituData

Data Sources and Estimated Data Flow

Remote Sensing

Data

Remote Sensing

Data

OSFOSF

SODASODA

NCEPNCEP

JEDACJEDAC

CMAPCMAP

Model Outputs, Reanalysis

Data, Climatology,Atlas

Model Outputs, Reanalysis

Data, Climatology,Atlas

Topographic MapsNellore-Machipatnam

1:25,000 Scale

Topographic MapsNellore-Machipatnam

1:25,000 Scale

CRZ MapsLand Use (1:25,000),

Aqua Culture and Wet lands (1:50,000)

CRZ MapsLand Use (1:25,000),

Aqua Culture and Wet lands (1:50,000)

CRZ Land Use Maps Gujarat Coast

(1:25,000 Scale)

CRZ Land Use Maps Gujarat Coast

(1:25,000 Scale)

Bathymetry/TopographyBathymetry/Topography

Real-time CDs Web Hard Copy

Argo FloatsArgo Floats

XBTXBT

Current Meter ArraysCurrent Meter Arrays

Tide GaugesTide Gauges

BPRBPR

Moored BuoysMoored Buoys

Drifting BuoysDrifting Buoys

Coastal RadarsCoastal Radars

Seismic NetworkSeismic Network

TRMMTRMM

QuikscatQuikscat

NOAANOAA

MODIS Tera/AquaMODIS Tera/Aqua

OCEANSAT-1 (OCM)OCEANSAT-1 (OCM)

SeaWifsSeaWifs

AltimeterAltimeter

OCEANSAT-2OCEANSAT-2

Database Management

Database

Data Assembly

QC

Meta Database

Data Discovery

Data Transport

Data Visualisation

Web

Int

erfa

ce

Data Services

Interoperability Open design and standards Easy access and discovery Reliable, sustained and efficient

operations Data Achieves

Interoperability Open design and standards Easy access and discovery Reliable, sustained and efficient

operations Data Achieves

Meta Database

MEDI Software (ISO 91115) used for meta database generation

About 200 metadata records generated for the MB, DB, XBT, CMA data sets

Metadata record is being published on GCMD/NASA for global visibility

Metadata generation for other data sets is under progress

MEDI Software (ISO 91115) used for meta database generation

About 200 metadata records generated for the MB, DB, XBT, CMA data sets

Metadata record is being published on GCMD/NASA for global visibility

Metadata generation for other data sets is under progress

In-Situ Data Flow

Data Processing

ASCII Binary

Other FormatsLike excel sheet,

NetCDF etc.

Data Storage

Database

Triggered based Real Time QC

Data Acquisition

E-Mail

VSAT

FTP

INSAT

Offline

Delayed Mode QC

Data Conversion

ASCII Binary

Other FormatsLike excel sheet,

NetCDF etc.

Data Dissemination

E-Mail

VSAT

FTP

Web

Offline

Data Backup

DatabaseFTP Server

Integrated In-situ Ocean Data and Information System

Remote Sensing Data Products on-line MODIS Atmospheric Profiles and NOAA

SST are being supplied to IMD and NCMRWF in near-real time for their operational use

MODIS Atmospheric Profiles and NOAA SST are being supplied to IMD and NCMRWF in near-real time for their operational use

Remote Sensing data products from AVHRR (NOAA) and MODIS (Aqua & Terra) are published on INCOIS web-site within 5 to 30 min. after the respective satellite passes

Remote Sensing data products from AVHRR (NOAA) and MODIS (Aqua & Terra) are published on INCOIS web-site within 5 to 30 min. after the respective satellite passes

Dissemination of Ocean Colour Products

INCOIS Live Access ServerData Set Parameters Period

ARGO Data Products (10 Days)

Temperature and Salinity(0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 m depths)

10-Jan-2002 - till date

ARGO Data Products (Monthly)

Jan-2002 - till date

Levitus Climatology Temperature and Salinity(0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000 m depths)

Quickscat Data Products (Daily and Monthly*)

Meridional wind speed component*Meridional wind stress componentWind speed module*Wind stress curlWind stress magnitudeZonal wind speed component*Zonal wind stress component

Jul 1999 - till date

TMI Data Product Sea Surface Temperature (3 Day Composite)

Sea Surface Temperature 01 Jan 1997 – till date

TMI Data Products (Monthly)

Atmospheric Water Vapour (mm)Cloud Liquid Water (mm)Rain Rate (mm/hr)Sea Surface Temperature (degree C)Surface Wind Speed using 11 Ghz channel (m/s)Surface Wind Speed using 37 Ghz channel (m/s)

Jan 1997 – till date

Data Products

Argo Data and Data Products for the Indian Ocean (Version 1.0, Feb’2009) T-S Profiles (~1,00,000) Period: 2002-2008 Gridded Data Products (plots) ASCII & netCDF Formats GUI for easy navigation, browsing, data

extraction with user defined spatial and temporal domains

Software for viewing the NetCDF files

MLD Climatology for the Indian Ocean based on Argo Observations (Published on INCOIS-Website)

Visual Quality Control Tools

VQC tool for Argo & Moored Buoy data sets

Web-based Services

Chlorophyll Concentration

Sea Surface Temperature

Potential Fishing Zone Advisory Service

Web-based Services

Ocean State Forecast

Tasks accomplished – web based services

Usage during 30 Sep 2008 - 30 Sep 2009

Definitions:Page Views: Page views are accesses to all pages.Visitors: Visitors correspond to the visitors who visited the site. If a single person visits the site and looks at 100 pages that will be counted as 100 page views by a single visitor.

S.No Page Description Page Views

Visitors

1 INCOIS Home Page 6,780 5,806

2 PFZ Home Page 7,398 3,220

3 PFZ Forecast 68,354 5,576

4 PFZ Web GIS 2,697 943

5 OSF Home Page 9,179 4,814

6 OSF Forecast 6,152 2,392

7 OSF Web GIS 1,799 629

8 Argo Home Page 6,264 2,421

9 Argo Data Products 818 332

10 Argo Web GIS 2,089 918

11 IOGOOS Home Page 2,094 1,074

12 Satellite Data Product 1,322 669

13 Information Bank 4,589 2,531

New Initiatives• INCOIS has become the DAC of the

OceanSITES Programme on Global Network of Time-series stations– Developed datasets (daily) along with

meta-data of moored buoy observations complaint to OceanSITES program

– The moored buoy and current meter mooring data sets are being prepared in netCDF as per the OceanSITES Standards

• Ocean Science Interoperability Experiment of OGC• Developed GML Schema for providing metadata to

NSDI/NRDMS/DST

OGC Ocean Science Interoperability Experiment - II

Major tasks include:

Publishing of trajectories, vertical and horizontal profiles observationsPublishing and performance of long time series observationsNetCDF / OpenDAP and SOS Chaining Gridded data and stations.Serving of observation offerings for complex systems, For example,

observations systems containing other systems, platforms with multiple sensors),

Serving of event based observations. For example, all tsunami sensors within +/- 12 hrs of a given tsunami.

Publishing of Sensor Observation Services……

Summary• Developed integrated in-situ data and

information system• Ocean remote sensing database is being

generated• Potentials of GIS Technology along with ICT

are effectively utilized for providing Ocean Data, Information and Advisory Services

• Demonstrated the capability of Open source Map Server for providing Oceanographic data with visualization capabilities

Way forward

• Ocean remote sensing database management

• Integration of in-situ and remote sensing data sets

• Development of Digital Indian Ocean• Networking of Marine Data Centres

Thank you