PATHOLOGY OF CONJUCTIVAOPTOM FASLU MUHAMMED

CONJUCTIVA- stratified epithelial covering of the eye from limbus to lid margin

Constantly exposed to environmental insults

Reacts in different ways acute injuries

Chronic injuries

HyperplasiaEdema acute conjunctivitis

Chemo sisexudates

Increase in goblet cells Epithelial cells hyperplasia chronic

Epithelial down growthRetention cysts

CONGENITAL ANOMALIESCryptophthalmosResult of failure of lid development

orDue to faulty development of corneal structures

Dermoids associated syndromesGoldenhar’s syndrome

Bilateral limbal DermoidsUnilateral is associated with

superior lid colobomamicrophthalmos

Congenital coloboma-complete absence of conjunctiva

May affect one or both lids

CHORISTOMA Timorous lesion

Composed of tissue not normally found in that location

Dermoids-inferotemporally at limbus

Ectopic lacrimal gland

EPITARSUS

Apron like folds

Attached to the inner tarsal surface of the lid

Involve upper or lower lid

CONGENITAL CONJUNCTIVAL LYMPHOEDEMAManifest as chemosisPtosisStrabismusbuphthalmos

INFLAMMATIONSCLINICAL CLASSIFICATIONVascular dilatationOedemaExudatesInflammatory membranes

ACUTE INFLAMMATION Ligneous conjunctivitis-

Idiopathic

Affects children

Bilaterally

Phlyctenular keratoconjuctivitis affects conjunctiva and cornea

Ulceration

Loss of epithelium due to cell loss occurs when the inflammation is severe

Nonspecific

CHRONIC CONJUCTIVITISIncrease in goblet cells

Staphylococcal infection

Conjuctivitis(sub acute, chronic forms)

Lid margins and outer canthiOthers, miscellaneous aetiologies

Epithelial hyperplasiaMay also be seen in staphylococcal disease

in other forms of chronic conjuctivitis

VERNAL CONJUCTIVITISBilateral

Chronic

More frequent in warm climates

Males are frequently affected than females

Palpebral and limbal involvement

Common to both forms;thick,ropey,alkaline discharge; corneal changes

TRACHOMA Caused by Chlamydia agent

Chronic follicular conjunctivitis , with scarring is an imp feature

Scarring changes in palpebral conjunctiva and eyelid entropion with trichiasis corneal damage

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