Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Physics case of SPIRAL 2 and EURISOL SPIRAL2 and...
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Transcript of Paris, November 2004 M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting Physics case of SPIRAL 2 and EURISOL SPIRAL2 and...
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
Physics case of SPIRAL Physics case of SPIRAL 22 and and EURISOLEURISOL
SPIRAL2 and EURISOL facilities
Available Beams
Physics Case
Conclusions
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
C
Source
UCx2000°C
diffusion / effusiondeuterons40 MeV neutrons
1+ n+
C
Source
UCx2000°C
diffusion / effusiondeuterons40 MeV neutrons
1+ n+
2. Fusion reaction with n-rich beams
1. Fission products (with converter)
4. N=Z Isol+In-flight5. Transfermiums In-flight
3. Fission products (without converter)
Primary beams: deuterons heavy ions
7. High Intensity Light RIB
6. SHE
8. Deep Inelastic Reactions with RNB
Intermediate step between existing ISOL RIB facilities, and future projects like EURISOL or RIA.
Heavy-Ion driver (A/Q=3, 14.5 AMeV, up to 1mA)
1013-1014 fissions/s
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting NuPECC meeting M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004
CIME Cyclotron RNB (fission-fragments)
E < 6-7 MeV/u
Production Cave
C converter+UCx target
> 1013 fiss./s
SC - LINACE = 14.5 AMeV
HI A/Q=3E = 40 MeV - 2H
Low energy RNB
ECRIS-HI 1mA
“SILHI-deut.” 5mA
Investment: 72MEurosFirst beam: 2009
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
1010
1011
1012
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
SPIRAL2
ZnKrSrCdSnXe
A136Sn: ~1/min
Relatively easy beams:Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Ag, Cd, In,Sb, I, Xe, Cs
Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples
Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples
www.ganil.fr/research/developmens/spiral2
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
Operation of
SPIRAL2 & GANIL
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Two beams:100µA5mA
Experimental area
EURISOL Driver as proposed today :1GeV proton SC-LINAC, up to 5mA
(light heavy-ion option under consideration)
Investment : 613MEurosFirst beam : > 2015
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Low energy (<670 keV/u)
Astrophysics (<3.2 MeV/u)
Medium energy (<18 MeV/u)
High energy (<100 MeV/u)
EURISOL - Post Accelerator & Experimental Area lay-out
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Kr isotopes
Inte
nsit
y (
pp
s)
SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities
Mass Number
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Inte
nsit
y (
pp
s)
EURISOL & FAIR yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities
Mass Number
EURISOL
FAIR
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Spins&Shapes
Position ofdrip-lines
N=Z
rp-process
Heavy and Super Heavy Elements
r-process path
Haloes & Structures in the Continuum
Equation of State
The Physics case of SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL
Spins & Shapes
Production of isotopesBeta beamsNeutrons for science
Shell structure far from stability
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Physics with Radioactive Ion BeamsReactions & Rates (From 0 to 100
MeV/n)
2000 2010
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
Nuclear Physics with SPIRAL 2 Beams:
Examples
Shells and shapes
r-process Masses & half-lives
Capture cross sections
N=Z nuclei
Halo nuclei (Ex. fusion and transfer reactions)
Clusters and molecules
Heavy nuclei& SHE
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70
Ni 28Cu 29
Zn 30Ga 31Ge 32As 33
Se 34Br 35
Kr 36Rb 37
Sr 38Y 39Zr 40
Nb 41Mo42
Tc 43Ru 44
Rh 45
75
Pd 46Ag 47
Cd 48In 49
Sn 50Sb 51
Te 52I 53
Xe 54Cs 55
Ba 56La 57Ce 58Pr 59Nd 60Pm 61Sm 62Eu 63Gd 64Tb 65Dy 66Ho 67
62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86
88 90
92
94 9698
100
102
6465
7071
76
8281
86878889
9693
10099
104
103
110
109
116
115
124
123
130
127
136
133
138
139
142
141
150
154
153
90
98 100
145
145
146
Quadrupole deformation zone
Spherical
robust gaps
160
159
164
165
Octupole
deformation
« Gaps »
Spherical
fragile gaps
Deformed gaps
132
78
Fission regionFission region
E2+ Z=38-48
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76
N
Sr Z=38
Zr Z=40
Mo Z=42
Ru Z=44
Pd Z=46
Cd Z=48
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Shape coexistence
HF+BCS calculations F. Becker, P.Bonche, P.H. Heenen
oblate prolate
74Kr
E(M
eV)
Z
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
gs band prolate: first measurement
Oblate excited 2+ state2
On-line Doppler corrected spectrum
76Kr
E. Bouchez et al.
74Kr(3.5 AMeV) +208Pb
Q = -1.45(35)
Q = -1.41(16) Q = 1.35(19)
Q = -0.55(18)
Coulex calculations : GOSIA
QuickTime™ et undécompresseur MPEG-4 Video
sont requis pour visionner cette image.
QuickTime™ et undécompresseur Sorenson Video 3
sont requis pour visionner cette image.
Shape coexistence
Results of SPIRAL experiments
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
Neutron-rich nuclei as high-spin probes
Key experiments possible with SPIRAL2/EURISOL and the AGATA array
A search for hyperdeformation: For the reaction 132Sn (109/ 1010 pps) + 48Ca -> 180Yb*,
the cross section for forming a compound nucleus with angular momentum L ≥ 70 is
expected to be around 100 mb, leading to some 108 /109 high-spin events per day.
Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
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sont requis pour visionner cette image.
rp p
roce
ss
r process
Future intensities (nuc/s)> 1012
1010
106
102
10-2
10-6
neutrons
protons
X-ray burst (RXTE)
331
330
329
328
327
Fre
quen
c y (
Hz)
10 15 20Time (s)
4U1728-34
Metal poor halo stars (Keck, HST)
Z
E0102-72.3
Supernova
EC
crust processes
p process
Courtesy of H. Schatz
Masses, half-lives, Pn values, isomeric states, neutron and proton capture cross sections...
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
GSIProj. + 208Pb,209Bi
Nresidue (1n)
Dubna48Ca + Actin.
115 28887 ms
113 2840.48 s
111 2803.6 s
Mt 2760.72 s
Bh 2729.8 s
Db 26816 h
115 28732 ms
113 283100 ms
111 279170 ms
Mt 2759.7 ms
Bh 271
Db 26773 min
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2sp
2sp
2sp
2sp
2sp
2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2sp
2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2
sp2 sp
2sp
2sp
2sp
2 Kr/Xe + Hf/Xe
Kr/Xe + Lu/I
Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Yb/Er/Ba/Cs/I/Te
Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Tm/Ho/Cs/Xe/Te/Sb
Kr/Sr/Cd/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Er/Dy/Ba/Xe/I/Sb/Sn
SPIRAL 2:
90,91Kr/137-140Xe ≈ 1010 pps92-98Sr / 118-123Cd ≈ 108 pps128-132Sn / 127-133Sb / 134-137I ≈ 109 pps
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
(~ 1015n/s/cm2 in 1 x 4 cm)
Neutrons for science - NFS Neutrons for science - NFS « IFMIF like » neutron source: High intensity neutron source for material science (for fusion reactors like ITER).
(replaced by a carbon wheel)
(1014n/s/cm2)
Spiral 2 should be able to provide comparable flux densities (~ 5 -10 lower) and similar neutron energy spectrum.
2x2 cm2
Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting
Medical
radioisotopes
from EURISOL
Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003
M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting
For «ISOL» RNB facilities the planned SPIRAL2 project at GANIL, the proposal
SPES at Legnaro and the upgrade of REX-ISOLDE at CERN as well as DRIBS,
EXCYT, L-la-N, MAFF… will ensure the European leadership in the near future and
prepare the ground for EURISOL.
Next major steps:
- Green light for the construction of SPIRAL 2 (in the coming months)
- The funding through the 6th FW EU program of an “EURISOL design study”
which includes major R&D (Accepted, 9.1MEuros requested)
- Start the discussions to establish the partners and the site location of this new
facility.
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS