Paperless Publishing

• web publishing.

• ebooks.

• digital paper.

Paperless Publishing

web publishing :

• html – hypertext markup language

• Search engines :– front end– index / database– crawler / bot / index builder– ranking hits.

Paperless Publishing

• Portable Document Format (PDF).

• Copyright Protection.

• modeled after accounting ledgers:• dynamic ledgers.• 1979 : VisiCalc.• software sells hardware.• Apple Computers.• today - still using many of the same principles

as 20 yrs ago

Spreadsheets

• Basic features include :• automatic updating of calculations,

graphing results, built-in functions for common computations.

Spreadsheets

Cell :• intersection of a column and row.• cell address : A3 or GG567• Cell Range - denotes a contiguous group of

cells, identified by the cell address of the top left corner followed by the cell address of the bottom right corner.• worksheet / pages

Spreadsheets

Cell RangeC2:D5

Cell - D11

Column A

Row 8

Spreadsheets

• Data that can be entered in a cell• Text / Labels• Numbers : actual numerical values

(including dates and times)• Formulas.

Spreadsheets

• Formulas :• start with a special character to indicate

calculation. • can reference other cells = B4 + C1• dynamic : change as dependant values

change.• can use built in functions.

Spreadsheets

• Rows & Columns • Cell Addresses & Ranges• Formulas & Functions• Absolute vs. Relative References• Macros• Templates• Wizards

Spreadsheets

• Linking• Database capabilities• Analysis Tools• Graphing :– lies graphs tell.

Spreadsheets

• accounting software.• tax preparation software.• statistics & data analysis.• mathematical software tools.

Other Calculation Tools

• depict information using spatial or graphical representations.

• facilitate comparison, pattern recognition, change detection.

• cognitive skills that make use of the visual system.

Information Visualization

Problem : How can we understand large datasets?

Solution : the human perceptual system, convert information into a graphical representation.

Information Visualization

• computer modeling.• abstractions.• spreadsheets, programming languages,

mathematical and statistical packages.

Simulation

• Cost• Safety• Projection• Visualization• Replication

Simulation

• assumptions• abstraction / simplification• reliance

Simulation