Panel Session 1 Smart Grid: Development and implementation Prof. Nikos Hatziargyriou,

Panel Session 1Smart Grid: Development and

implementation

Prof. Nikos Hatziargyriou,National Technical University of Athens

[email protected]

In transition

SEEEI, Dan Eilat Hotel, Israel, November 14-17, 2012

Transition: driving factors• Increased customer participation• European and national policies encourage lower

carbon generation, RES and efficient energy use• Integration of RES and DG into the grids• Need for investment in end-of-life grid renewal

(ageing assets)• Handle grid congestion (with market based methods)• Reduce uncertainty for investment• Progress in technology


Smartgrid essential components• Customers are part of the “network-loop”, both

producer and consumer = “prosumer”– Real-time price information (smart meters)– Automated systems + convenience (DR/DSM)– Adequate investment and reward incentives

• Integration of millions small scale generators• Bulk power and small scale sustainability coexistence • Demand and supply balance solutions• Efficiently operated (and reliable) network • Mature markets and regulation


Smartgrids technical, economic and environmental benefits

• Energy efficiency • Minimisation of the overall energy consumption • Improved environmental impact • Improvement of energy system reliability and

resilience • Network benefits (lower losses, congestion reliefs,

black start, ancillary services)• Cost efficient electricity infrastructure replacement

strategies


Active Distribution Networks

Improved power flows:FACTS, WAMS, WAPS

Powerelectronicstechnology

ICT & embedded systems

Smart Metering

Stationary energy storageCommunication for DSM / DR, on-line services, energy management

Enabling Technologies


Microgrids - Integration of SG components

Microgrids are electri-city distribution systems containing loads and distributed energyresources, (such as distributed generators, storage devices, or controllable loads) that can be operated in a controlled, coordinated way, either while connected to the main power network and/or while islanded.

EU Microgrids (ENK5-CT-2002-00610) and MOREMICROGRIDS (PL019864)

http://www.microgrids.eu

Microgrids – Hierarchical Control

MicroGrid Central Controller (MGCC) promotes technical and economical operation, interface with loads and micro sources and DMS; provides set points or supervises LC and MC; MC and LC Controllers: interfaces to control interruptible loads and micro sources

Centralized vs

Decentralized

Control

MV LVDMSDMS

MGCCMGCC

DCAC

PV

MC

LC

MCAC

DC

LC

Storage

LC

~ CHPMC

Micro Turbine

MC

Fuel CellMCAC

DC

LCACDC

~

FlywheelMCAC

DC


Technical Challenges for Microgrids• Small size (challenging management)• Use of different generation technologies (prime

movers) • Presence of power electronic interfaces • Relatively large imbalances between load and

generation to be managed (significant load participation required, need for new technologies, review of the boundaries of microgrids)

• Specific network characteristics (strong interaction between active and reactive power, control and market implications)

• Protection and Safety / static switch• Communication requirements

Market and Regulatory Challenges• coordinated but decentralised energy trading and management • market mechanisms to ensure efficient, fair and secure supply and

demand balancing • development of islanded and interconnected price-based energy and

ancillary services arrangements for congestion management • secure and open access to the network and efficient allocation of

network costs • alternative ownership structures, energy service providers • new roles and responsibilities of supply company, distribution

company, and consumer/customer

211 SmartGrids related projects running in EU27 at a total investment of 5 b€ (source : European Commission JRC)

e.g. in Germany“E-energy – ICT based Energy System of the Future”, 6 Lighthouses (2008-2013), 140 M€

MICROGRIDS Project (FP5)

GREAT BRITAIN• UMIST

• URENCO

PORTUGAL • EDP • INESC

SPAIN• LABEIN

NETHERLANDS• EMforce

GREECE• NTUA

• PPC /NAMD&RESD • GERMANOS

GERMANY• SMA• ISET

FRANCE • EDF

• Ecole des Mines de Paris/ARMINES• CENERG

“Large Scale Integration of Micro-Generation to Low Voltage Grids

ARMINES

CENERG

ISET

ICCS / NTUAGERMANOS

EDF

SMA

UMISTURENCO

PPC/NAMD&RESD

LABEIN

14 PARTNERS, 7 EU COUNTRIES

INESC EDP

http://www.microgrids.eu Budget: 4.5M€


MORE MICROGRIDS Project “Large Scale Integration of Micro-Generation to Low Voltage Grids

Contract : ENK5-CT-2002-00610

Budget: 8M€SEEEI, Dan Eilat Hotel, Israel, November 14-17, 2012

14

ØstkraftØstkraft

AGRIA PIG FARM

Microgrids Pilots


Challenges in the implementation of Smart Grid Projects

• Technical, commercial and regulatory solutions• Central and distributed generation co-existence• Integration of innovative technologies• Harmonisation of equipment standards• Higher education and skills• RD&D to make it happen!


Panel Session 1 Smart Grid: Development and implementation Prof. Nikos Hatziargyriou,

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