P5010 Sanitation of Living Spaces

Bureau ofMedicine and Surgery NAVMED P-501O-2 (Rev. 1995)Washington, D.C. 20372-5300 0510-LP-753-5800

Manual of Naval Preventive Medicine

Chapter 2

SANITATION OF LIVINGSPACES AND RELATED

SERVICE FACILITIES

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT “A”

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section I.

Section II.

Section III.

Section IV.

Section V .

Sanitation of Living S p a c e s PageArticle 2-1.

2-2.2-3.2-4.2-5.2-6.2-7.2-8.2-9.

2-10.

Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Habitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Construction Standards . .." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Berthing Aboard Ships and Barges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bachelor Quarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Temporary Lodging Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Berthing for Watch Standers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Civilian Contract Berthing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preventive Medicine Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Confinement Facilities/Ashore and Moat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Barbershop and BeautyShop SanitationArticle 2-11. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-12. Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-13. Sanitation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-14. Construction Standards for Barbershops and

Beauty Shops Ashore and Afloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15. Sanitary Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-16. Cleaning and Disinfection of Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17. Abnormal Skin Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-18. Regulations/Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Trailer Home/Recreation Vehicle (RV)Camp Grounds and Mobile Home CourtS a n i t a t i o nArticle 2-19.

2-20.2-21.2-22.2-23.2-24.2-25.2-26.2-27.2-28.2-29.2-30.

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Site Selection and Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Space Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Recreation Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Service Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sewage and Liquid Waste Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Refuse Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Insect and Rodent Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-12-12-12-12-22-22-42-42-42-4

2-52-52-6

2-62-62-72-82-8

2-82-82-92-92-92-9

2-102-102-112-112-112-11

Laundry and Dry CleaningArticle 2-31. General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

2-32. Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-122-33. Sanitary Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-122-34. Hospital/Health Care Facility Laundry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132-35. Hygienically Safe Laundry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-132-36. Industrial Hygiene and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Chi ldren ’s PlaygroundsArticle 2-37. General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

2-38. Site Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-152-39. Playground Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

January 1995 II

Section VI.

Section VII.

Section VIII.

Section IX.

Section X.

Section XI.

Section XII.

Illustrations

Campgrounds and Picnic AreasArticle 2-40. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-41. Site Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-42. Water Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-43. Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-44. Refuse Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-45. Comfort Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GymnasiumsArticle 2-46. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-47. Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-48. Structured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-49. Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-50. Toilet Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-51. Drinking Fountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-52. Recreational Clothing Rental/Issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TheatersArticle 2-53. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-54. Construction Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-55. Housekeeping Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-56. Food Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-57. Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Riding StablesArticle 2-58. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-59. Stables and Corrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-60. Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-61. Insect and Rodent Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-62. Waste Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-63. Veterinary Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sanitation of Administrative SpacesArticle 2-64. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-65. Habitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-66. Sanitation and Housekeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saunas and SteamroomsArticle 2-67. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-68. Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-69. Sanitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-70. Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ReferencesArticle 2-71. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Table 2-1. Bachelor Quarters Standards of Adequacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2. Comfort Stations for Campgrounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3. Comfort Stations for Picnic Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4. Ratio of Plumbing Fixtures to Persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-162-162-162-162-162-16

2-172-182-182-182 - 1 82-182-18

2-192-192-192-192-19

2-202-202-202-202-202-21

2-212-212-22

2-232-232-232-23

2-24

2-32-172-172-22

III January 1995

Chapter 2

SANITATION OF LIVING SPACESAND RELATED SERVICE FACILITIES

Section 1. Sanitation of Living Spaces

ArticleScope ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1Habitability ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-2Construction Standards ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-3Berthing Aboard Ships and Barges ------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-4Bachelor Officer Quarters (BOQ) and

Bachelor Enlisted Quarters (BEQ)----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-5Temporary Lodging Facilities -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-6Berthing for Watch Standers --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-7Civilian Contract Berthing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-8Preventive Medicine Inspections ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-9Confinement Facilities/Ashore and Afloat ---------------------------------------------------------- 2-10

2-1. Scope.

1. Whenever people live or work in a closeproximity, the possibility of adverse healthconditions, e.g., respiratory disease transmis-sion, is magnified. In addition, human comfortduring rest or recreation has a direct bearingon morale.

2. Design plays an important role in elimi-nating potentially adverse health conditions inexisting facilities. Cleanliness contributes tomorale and is aesthetically desirable.

2-2. Habitability.

1. A habitable and healthful environmentmust prevail in living and berthing spacesashore and afloat to maintain the efficiency ofNavy and Marine Corps Personnel. To thisend, construction plans for both ships andshore stations are under constant review toensure that the latest developments in humanfactors engineering are incorporated into facil-ity/ship design.

2. Major factors which pertain to living, rec-reation, and berthing ashore and afloat in-clude: floor area, ventilation, heating, sanitaryfixtures, water supply, lighting and color.

3. Current manuals and publications mustbe consulted for specific data on the aboverequirements and allowances. However, itmust be realized that due to demands for com-

January 1995

bat effectiveness, minimum standards forsanitary facilities are not always attainable. Inthese circumstances, commanding officersmust strive to achieve, within practicable lim-its, the minimum standards necessary to opti-mize sanitation.

2-3. Construction Standards.

1. The Department of Defense Construc-tion Manual, DoD 4270.lM, contains technicalcriteria and policy guidance for design andconstruction of berthing facilities ashore. De-tailed design criteria procedures must be con-sistent with guidance provided in thisdocument. Renovation of existing structuresmust be undertaken in conjunction with themedical department to ensure that health andsanitation standards are incorporated at theearliest design phase of the project.

2. Berthing compartment construction ormodification aboard ship must be consistentwith the standards established in GeneralSpecifications for Ships of the U.S. Navy (Gen-Spec).

2-4. Berthing Aboard Ships andBarges.

1. The executive officer, medical officer ormedical department representative, the OOD,JOOD, chief master at arms, division officer,and division chief petty officers must make

2-1

2 4 MANUAL OF NAVAL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2-6

routine inspections of the sanitary condition oftoilets, lavatories, and berthing spaces.

2. Berthing spaces must be clean at alltimes, well ventilated, and well illuminated.Head-to-foot sleeping arrangements for occu-pants of adjacent beds are recommended toreduce the potential of airborne diseasetransmission unless privacy curtains are in-stalled at each bunk.

3. Except for instances of operational ne-cessity, hot bunking is prohibited. The use ofpolyurethane pillows aboard ship is prohib-ited. Minimum requirements for pillowsaboard ships are outlined in Federal Specifi-cation V-P-356D. Mattresses must conformto Military Specification MIL-M-18351. Mat-tress foam inserts must be ‘low smoke” foamrubber per Military Specification MIL-R-20092.

4. A sufficient supply of clean bed linenmust be maintained. Bedding must bechanged frequently to prevent odor accumu-lation.

5. Water closets, urinals, lavatories, andshowers, must be clean and operable.Shower curtains, mats, bulkheads, anddecks must be cleaned and sanitized at suffi-cient intervals to prevent mildew, odor, andsoap accumulations. Sewage backflowthrough deck drains and overflowing waterclosets constitute extremely unsanitary con-ditions. If these conditions occur, the space orunit must be immediately secured until thesituation is corrected and the spaces arecleaned and sanitized.

2-5. Bachelor Quarters

1. Department heads, division officers,and division leading petty officers mustmake routine inspections of enlistedberthing spaces in order to maintain Navystandards of sanitation. It is mandatory thatthe building petty officer (BPO) accompanyall inspecting parties in their area of respon-sibility and be familiar with standard roomentry procedures outlined in OPNAVINST11103.1A.

2. With the exception of guide dogs for theblind and military working dogs, no dogs,cats or similar pets are allowed in berthingareas. Permission to maintain other animalsas pets, such as fish, is the option of thecommanding officer.

3. Berthing areas that are not air condi-tioned must have screened windows and selfclosing doors. All spaces must be well venti-lated, illuminated, and heated to meet localweather conditions.

4. All head facilities and common areasmust be cleaned daily.

5. Hot water must be delivered to the userat temperatures not to exceed 110° F inbuildings with laundry and shower facilities.Hot water must be delivered at a tempera-ture not to exceed 100” F in buildings withoutlaundry or showers, e.g., duty rooms.

6. Complaints of unsanitary conditionsexisting in unaccompanied personnel hous-ing must be investigated and promptly re-solved by the BQ management.

7. Living space standards for each gradeare found in the current NAVPERS 15606,Navy Bachelor Quarters Manual. The infor-mation is reproduced in Table 2-1.

2-6. Temporary Lodging Facilities.

1. Temporary lodging facilities are thosethat are intended for use for short periods oftime, such as awaiting permanent housing,transfer, and at recreational areas wherehousing, such as cabins are available.

2. With the exception of guide dogs for theblind and military working dogs, dogs, cats,birds, or similar pets are prohibited in spacesintended for human occupancy. Permissionto allow other types of pets is the option ofthe commanding officer.

3. Temporary lodging facilities must becleaned thoroughly after each occupancy.Dishes, pots and pans, blankets and beddingmust be inspected for cleanliness prior tooccupancy. Periodic inspections of these fa-cilities must be made by medical departmentpersonnel in conjunction with the facility

2 -2 January 1995

2-6 CHAPTER 2. SANITATION OF LIVING SPACES, ETC. 2-6

Table 2-1. Bachelor Quarters Standardsof Adequacy for Reporting Purposes

Grade

Civilians

03 — 010

01 — 02, W1 — W4

E7 — E9

E5 — E6

El — E4 (other thanrecruits/”A” School)

E 1 — E4 “A” School

E 1 Recruits

Transient Personnel

250 square feet net livingarea; private room; bathshared with not more thanone other.

250 square feet net livingarea; private room; bathshared with not more thanone other

Permanent Party.Personnel and PCS

Students

See NAVPERS 15606,Navy Bachelor QuartersManual for equivalentgrades.

400 square feet net livingarea, living room, bed-room, and private bath;access to kitchen or offic-ers’ dining facility receiv-ing appropriated fundsupport

250 square feet net livingarea; sleeping/living roomprivate bath.

270 square feet net livingarea, private room andbath

135 square feet net living area; no more than two to a room;bath shared with not more’ than one other

90 square feet net living area;room configured or open bayspace; not more than four toa room except in open bay;central bath.

90 square feet net livingarea; not more than fourto a room; central bath.

72 square feet net living area; semi-open bay; central bath.

72 Square feet net living area; open bay; central bath.

1. Rooms will be measured per the guidance in Appendix D of NAVPERS 15606, NavyBachelor Quarters Manual.

2. For BQs not described in 1 above, request assistance from your major claimant and yourpublic works officer.

January 1995 2-3

2-6 MANUAL OF NAVAL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2-10

manager. These inspections may only be con-ducted while individual units are vacant,unless conditions warrant otherwise. Clean-ing gear must be readily available for use bypatrons on a day-to-day basis. Facilities forpets should be made available adjacent tothe lodging facility. When such facilities areavailable, it is each pet owner’s responsibil-ity to ensure that their animal does not be-come a sanitary nuisance.

2-7. Berthing for Watch Standers.

1. Most commands have responsibilitieswhich require individuals to remain over-night, such as: fire fighters, communicationspersonnel, and other watch standers. Theminimum requirements for the watch roomare as follows:

a. Each person must be furnished withtwo clean sheets and a pillow case. In no casewill a person be required to use the samelinen that has been used by another person(hot bunking).

b. Common use mattresses and pillowsmust be protected from staining by body dis-charges by the use of mattress and pillowcovers.

c. The entire areas, including theheads, must be cleaned daily. Beds,nightstands, and other common use equip-ment should be cleaned on a weekly basis.

d. Supervisory personnel are taskedwith ensuring that optimum sanitary stan-dards are maintained at all times.

2-8. Civilian Contract Berthing.

1. Whenever contracts are let for berthingof military personnel in a non-military facil-ity; e.g., civilian shipyards, such housingmust meet the sanitary standards forunaccompanied personnel housing as setforth in this chapter. In no case will thishousing be approved until a medical officerand supply officer, or their appointed repre-sentatives inspect such housing and furnish

their findings to the commanding officer. It isrecommended that preventive medicine per-sonnel accompany command representativesduring the course of their inspections.

2. Contract berthing inspections must in-clude, but not be limited to, an evaluation ofthe facility location in relation to an indus-trial area and messing facilities. Adminis-trative consideration should be given tomeans of transportation to and from thework site, recreational facilities, laundry,and other personnel support facilities. If thecontract berthing facility is located near theindustrial site, noise levels must be deter-mined, and walking routes evaluated to en-sure there is adequate lighting and that nosafety hazards exist to impede pedestriantraffic or cause injury.

3. The initial inspection should be con-ducted during normal working hours andonce again at night to identify any uniqueconditions which may exist.

2-9. Preventive Medicine Inspections.

1. Medical Department personnel withpreventive medicine responsibilities mustconduct inspections at least quarterly.

2. It is recommended that whenever pos-sible medical department personnel conducttheir inspections in conjunction with com-mand inspections.

3. Inspection reports which identify dis-crepancies and offer recommendations forcorrective action must be provided to re-sponsible personnel.

2-10. Confinement Facilities/Ashoreand Afloat.

1. Afloata. Medical department personnel must

report any unsanitary or unhealthy condi-tions, observed during daily sick call, to thecommanding officer (per OPNAVINST1640.9.

b. The ship’s brig, if present, must be

2 -4 January 1995


included with the quarterly habitability in-spection of living spaces.

c. Cell dimensions and sanitary facili-ties must conform to standards promulgatedby Naval Sea Systems Command. Ventila-tion, heating, and illumination standardsmust conform to those of the crew’s livingspaces. For detailed information concerningshipboard detention facilities, refer to theGeneral Specifications for Ships of the U.S.Navy and OPNAVINST 1640.8 series,Manual for the Administration of AfloatBrigs.

2. Ashorea. SECNAVINST 1640.9A requires a

daily sanitation inspection by the brig staff

and a weekly inspection by a medical depart-ment representative to ensure that cleaning

and maintenance procedures are being car-ried out. A copy of the weekly inspectionmust be retained in the brig records.

b. A quarterly sanitation/habitabilityinspection of brigs ashore must also be con-ducted by preventive medicine personnel.

c. Sanitary standards must conform tothose standards outlined in SECNAVINST1640.9 series, Department of the Navy Cor-rections Manual, DoD Construction CriteriaManual, and other Department of Defenseinstructions.

Section Il. BARBER AND BEAUTY SHOP SANITATION

ArticleGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-11Employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12Sanitation Requirements -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-13Construction Standards for Barbershops and

Beauty Shops Ashore and Afloat ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-14Sanitary Practices ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-15Cleaning and Disinfection of Instruments ---------------------------------------------------------- 2-16Abnormal Skin Conditions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-17Regulation/Inspections ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-18

2-11. General.

Barbershops and beauty shops are oper-ated within the jurisdiction of the Navy andMarine Corps for convenience and to enablepersonnel to maintain a neat appearance atminimum expense. Although these shops areseldom incriminated in the spread of disease,the potential exists if they are not operatedin a sanitary manner. The following informa-tion constitutes minimum requirements forpromulgating barbershop and beauty shopregulations.

2-12. Employees

1. Employees of barbershops and beautyshops must adhere to the following physicaland personal hygiene requirements.

a. All barber and beauty shop employ-ees, including personnel employed by a civil-ian contract, must be medically screened anddetermined to be free of communicable dis-ease prior to their initial assignment. Unlessrequired by local medical departments forspecific reasons, such as indigenous labor,subsequent health screening, e.g., annual

January 1995 2-5


evaluation is not routinely required. The lo-cal medical officer may delegate this respon-sibility to non-physician civilian or militarypersonnel, e.g., environmental health offic-ers, physician assistants, preventive medi-cine technicians, independent dutycorpsmen, civilian nurses, and civilian envi-ronmental health technicians. The medicalscreening must be sufficiently comprehen-sive to detect acute or chronic diseases thatmay be transmitted by direct or indirect con-tact during the performance of their services.Depending upon the prevalence of communi-cable diseases in the geographical location,local medical officers may order specific test-ing they consider necessary. Barber andbeauty shop employees may be screened bylocal military medical departments or theymay present documentary evidence, accept-able to the local medical authority, that acomplete and thorough medical screeninghas been accomplished.

b. Barbershop and beauty shop employ-ees must maintain good personal hygienewhen attending patrons. Hands must bethoroughly washed with soap and warm wa-ter:

(1) between patrons.(2) after touching inanimate objects

that are likely to be contaminated.(3) before leaving the shop.

c. Special care should be taken to avoidinjuring the hands. Chapped, inflamed, orcut skin can allow bacteria and viruses toenter the bloodstream.

d. Wardrobe. A clean smock or otherfreshly laundered over garment must beworn while attending patrons.

2-13. Sanitation Requirements.

1. Barbershops/beauty shops are not to belocated in food service or berthing areas. Bar-bershops/beauty shops may be locatedwithin BOQS and BEQs and officer and en-listed clubs; a separate room is required.

2. An adequate supply of hot and cold run-ning water, with proper lavatory futuresand waste disposal must be provided.

3. The interior of barber/beauty shopsmust be adequately lighted and ventilated.

4. Shops must be maintained in a cleancondition.

2-14. Construction Standards forBarbershops and Beauty ShopsAshore and Afloat.

1. The Department of Defense Construc-tion Criteria Manual, DoD Instruction4270. l-M, outlines the space allowance andconstruction standards for barbershops andbeauty shops ashore.

2. Afloat, the determination as to numberand type of barber facilities, including femalerequirements, is outlined in OPNAVINST9640.1 series, Shipboard Habitability Pro-gram.

2-15. Sanitary Practices.

1. Only Food and Drug Administration(FDA) approved tonics, lotions, bleaches,dyes, etc., are permitted in barbershopsbeauty shops. Only Environmental Protec-tion Agency (EPA) registered disinfectantsor sanitizing agents are acceptable in Navyand Marine Corps Facilities. Questionable orunlabeled products must be referred to themedical department for determination ofsuitability.

2. Therapeutic practices, such as treatingpimples, ingrown hair, etc., are prohibited.

3. The treatment of eye conditions is pro-hibited.

4. The headrest of barber chairs must becovered with a clean towel or a clean sheet ofpaper for each patron.

5. Common brushes, dusters, etc., are pro-hibited.

2 -4 January 1995

2-15 CHAPTER 2. SANITATION OF LIVING SPACES, ETC. 2 - 1 6

6. Because of the theoretical possibility forthe transmission of bloodborne pathogens,e.g., Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and HumanImmunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the practiceof shaving is no longer permitted in Navyand Marine Corps barbershops and beautyshops. Therefore, the use of razors or dispos-able razors is prohibited.

7. Individual sanitary neck strips must beused for each patron.

8. Covering cloths must be changed dailyor as often as necessary to ensure cleanli-ness.

9. Operator’s street clothing must bestored separately from that of patrons.

10. Barbershops or beauty shop employeesare not permitted to eat, drink, or smokewhile attending patrons.

11. Clean, covered sanitary receptaclesmust be provided for waste materials andused linen. Receptacles should be lined withdisposable bags.

12. The removal of cut hair from decksmust be done frequently by dustless meth-ods. Floors must be washed with detergentand water at frequent intervals to preventthe accumulation of dirt.

13. When compressed air is used to removehair from patrons, the pressure must be 15pounds per square inch or less.

2-16. Cleaning and Disinfection ofInstruments.

1. All instruments, metallic and non-me-tallic, in contact with patrons must becleaned and disinfected between each pa-tron. Cuticle nippers, nail clippers, combs,brushes, clipper heads and all other instru-ments must be thoroughly washed with soapor detergent and hot water to remove allfilm, oil, and debris after use on each patron.Following cleaning, the instruments mustthen be placed in an EPA-registered disin-fecting solution. Due to the patron load atsome facilities, the solutions may requirechanging on a daily basis, while other facili-

ties may not require this frequency. The la-bel and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)must be consulted for directions and infor-mation concerning handling and use precau-tions. Unless otherwise indicated by thelabel, all disinfecting solutions must bechanged at least weekly. The medical depart-ment representative (preventive medicineservice) will determine the frequency forchanging solutions. All instruments disin-fected in a chemical solution must be thor-oughly rinsed in running potable water toremove the chemical prior to use.

2. Non-removable clipper heads must bewiped or dusted and sprayed with an EPA-registered disinfecting spray between eachpatron. The spray must be used with cau-tion. Precautions include minimum use ofmaterial (consistent with proper disinfec-tion), directing the spray away from thebreathing zone of the user and any patronsin the vicinity of the procedure, minimizingskin contact, and adequate hand washingafter use. Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS) for the spray being used and con-tainer labels must also be consulted for infor-mation concerning handling and useprecautions. Removable clipper heads maybe disinfected with the spray or the headsmay be removed and placed in a disinfectingsolution as prescribed for other instrumentsin Paragraph 1, above.

3. Formaldehyde cabinets and ultravioletlight are not acceptable methods of disinfec-tion in Navy and Marine Corps barbershopsand beauty shops.

4. Quantity of Instruments. Adequatenumbers of instruments and supplies mustbe available to accomplish disinfection. Thefollowing number of instruments per opera-tor are recommended for an average shop.

a. Clipper heads (blades). Three sets ofthree, each set containing one size each of000, 1, and 1-1/2.

b. Seven combs of various design.c.d.e.

Three pairs of scissors.Two pairs of thinning shears.Two flattop brushes.

January 1995 2 - 7


f. Three hundred hair rollers with 2-18. Regulations/Inspections.clips.

g. Fifteen styling brushes.

2-17. Abnormal Skin Conditions.

Serving patrons with inflamed or

1. Each-barbershop or beauty shop mustpost a copy of these sanitary regulations in aconspicuous place. Operators are expected toread, understand, and comply with these re-quirements. In overseas locations, transla-tion of the sanitation regulations into the

infec- host-nation language should be accom-tious conditions of the scalp, face, or neck plished.without the written consent of the medical 2. Inspection of barbershops and beautyofficer is prohibited. shops must be conducted at least quarterly

by medical department personnel.

Section Ill. Trailer Home/RecreationVehicle (RV) Camp Grounds

and Mobile Home Court Sanitation

ArticleGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19Definitions ---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- 2-20Site Selection and Considerations -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-2 ISpace Limitations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-22Recreation Areas ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-23Service Buildings ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-24Water Supply ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-25Sewage and Liquid Waste Disposal ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-26Refuse Disposal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-27Insect and Rodent Control ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-28Pets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-29Inspections ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-30

2-19. General.

The health of trailer home/recreation ve-hicle and mobile home occupants, as well asresidents of adjoining communities, is en-dangered if the facilities are not operatedand maintained in a sanitary manner. Themedical officer (or designated representa-tive), must keep the commanding officer in-formed as to the status of sanitation. Thissection serves as minimum sanitary require-ments for the operation of trailer/recre-ational vehicle camp grounds and mobilehome courts. Significant variation is oftenencountered in local ordinances in the areasof space limitations, site selection, watersupply, and sewage disposal. State and localregulations must always be consulted to en-

sure compliance. Safety professionals shouldbe consulted on a regular and as neededbasis to help determine adequacy of founda-tion systems, fuel supply, electrical, and lifeand fire safety considerations.

2-20. Definitions.

1. Mobile Home. A permanent dwelling. Ithas kitchen facilities, flush toilets, and abath or shower.

2. Recreation Vehicle. A self-propelledand self-contained dwelling intended fortemporary occupancy.

3. Trailer Home. A vehicle drawn by anautomobile or truck; intended for temporaryoccupancy. It may or may not be equippedwith toilet and bath facilities.

2 - 8 January 1995


4. Recreational Vehicle/Trailer HomeCampground. Sights for overnight or short-term parking. It has facilities available forsanitary drop, potable water, and servicebuildings with bath and laundry facilities.

5. Mobile Home Court. An area of groundupon which two or more mobile homes, occu-pied for dwelling are located.

6. Mobile Home Space. A plot of groundwithin a mobile home court designed to ac-commodate one mobile home.

7. Service Building(s). A building housingtoilet and bathing facilities for males andfemales with laundry or other services thatmay be required.

2-21. Site Selection and Considerations.

1. Courts or campgrounds must not be lo-cated adjacent to swamps, marshes, heavyindustrial zones, or other areas where objec-tionable odors, noise, or other adverse condi-tions would expose individuals to healthhazards. The area must have good naturaldrainage or a storm drainage system. Thedrainage must not endanger any water sup-ply. Wherever possible, the mobile homecourt or campground should be connected topublic water and sewerage systems.

2. The area of the mobile home park orcampground must be sufficient to accommo-date the number of mobile home or recre-ational vehicle spaces for which the courtwas intended. It must have adequate park-ing spaces for motor vehicles and accessroads and walkways. Service and recreationareas must be free of traffic hazards, easilyaccessible to all park residents, and meet thepopulation requirements the park or camp-ground is designed to accommodate.

2-22. Space Limitations.

1. Mobile Home Court. Space limitationsare primarily governed by local regulation.

These local regulations must be consultedbefore proceeding in the planning or con-struction of a mobile home park. In general,each independent mobile home space mustcontain a minimum of 2800 square feet andbe at least 40 feet wide. A minimum of 4500square feet must be available for double wideunits. Every mobile home space must abut adr iveway or o ther c lear area withunobstructed access to the public street. Mo-bile homes must be parked in spaces so thatthere will be a minimum of 15 feet betweenmobile homes (side to side, end to end, or endto side) and so that no mobile home is lessthan 10 feet from the exterior boundary ofthe mobile home park.

2. Recreational Vehicle Campgrounds.Local regulations must be considered. Ingeneral, a recreational vehicle site must con-tain a minimum of 1000 square feet, notincluding roads and streets. All recreationalvehicles must be located at least 25 feet fromany park boundary line abutting a publicstreet or highway, and at least 15 feet fromany other property lines.

2-23. Recreation Areas.

Recreation areas and facilities must beprovided to the extent that they are consid-ered necessary to meet the population of thepark. Because of the various age groups rep-resented, two or more separate recreationareas are recommended for larger mobilehome courts. Recreation areas must be lo-cated in easily accessible areas that are freeof traffic hazards.

2-24. Service Buildings.

1. A trailer home or RV campground mustprovide one or more service buildings.Service buildings must be of substantialconstruction and equipped with flush typefixtures. One service building for every 20

January 1995 2-9


units is recommended for parks or camp-grounds intended for trailer homes or recre-ational vehicles. One service building forevery 100 units is recommended in mobilehome courts for use as an emergency sani-tary facility. These buildings must containno less than two toilets for females, one toiletand one urinal for males, one laundry tray,two lavatories and a shower with hot andcold running water for each sex. Showersmay be located in several service buildings,or one centrally located shower building.When toilet facilities for males and femalesare located in the same building, they mustbe completely separated by a partition. Inany case, service buildings must be locatedwithin 500 feet of the sites served.

2. Laundry facilities and adequate dryingspace must be provided for every 20 trailers.

3. Standards for service buildings:a. Permanent construction provided

with adequate light, heat, and ventilation.b. Interior of moisture-resistant mate-

rial to permit frequent washing and clean-ing; floor impervious to water, easilycleanable, and sloped to floor drains con-nected to the sewage system.

c. Effective screening of all openings.d. Sanitary maintenance at all times.e. Hard surfaced and well marked

walkways to permit easy access to theservice building from all spaces.

2-25. Water Supply.

1. Mobile home courts and RV camp-grounds must be supplied with a safe watersupply under pressure. The source and dis-tribution system must be satisfactorily con-structed and approved by the State, (in theU.S. or territories) or Naval Facilities Engi-neering Command and the Bureau of Medi-cine and Surgery in overseas locations.Water must comply with all the require-ments of the Safe Drinking Water Act (Na-tional Primary Drinking Water Regula-tions). A sufficient amount of hot and cold

water must be available at all times inservice buildings. The source should be ca-pable of supplying at least 150 gallons permobile home space per day.

2. In mobile home courts, potable watermust be provided at each site. An individualwater connection must be provided at anappropriate location at each trailer space.The water connection must consist of a riserterminating at least 12-18 inches above theground surface, with two 3/4 inch valvedoutlets. The connection must be located atleast 10 feet from the sewer connection andbe equipped with a backflow prevention de-vice. The potable water outlets mustcapped when not connected to a trailer.

2-26. Sewage and Liquid WasteDisposal.

be

1. A vertical drainpipe with at least a 3-inch connection to the sanitary sewer mustbe provided at each site in mobile homecourts. It is desirable that the connector be anon-collapsible, flexible hose, 3 inches in di-ameter, and 4 to 5 feet in length. The con-nection must be equipped with a suitabletrap which is located below the frost line. Thevertical drainpipes must be securely coveredwhen not in use. The sewer connection mustbe protected against “wheel damage” by acurb or concrete collar at least 3 inches deepand extending 12 inches from the connectionin all directions. The sewer connection mustbe provided with suitable fittings to permit awatertight junction to be made with thetrailer outlet. The connection between themobile home drain and the sewer must bewatertight and self draining. The connectionbetween the vertical drain and trailer mustbe made in such a manner to exclude insectsand rodents, prevent leakage and the escapeof odors, and prevent other health hazards ornuisances.

2. Water from toilets, showers, and lava-tories must be discharged into an approvedpublic or private sewage system.

2-10 January 1995

2-26 CHAPTER2. SANITATION OF LIVING SPACES, ETC. 2-30

3. Mobile home courts are high densitycommunities. Because of this, when a courtis to be opened or expanded, special consider-ation must be given to ensuring that theenvironmental impact of any proposed sew-age treatment system is considered and/orthe capacity of an existing system is ad-equate.

4. A sanitary or dump station must beprovided at RV campgrounds for the disposalof sewage and other liquid wastes. It mustconsist, as a minimum, of a trapped 4-inchsewer riser pipe connected to an approvedsewage disposal system. The riser must besurrounded by a concrete apron sloped to thedrain. It must have a suitable hinged coveror screw cap and a water outlet to permitperiodic wash down of adjacent areas.

2. An effective pest management planmust be in place to eliminate insect breedingsites and/or rodent harborages in and aroundthese locations (see Chapter 8).

2-29. Pets.

1. Pets maybe allowed in the mobile homepark or RV campground area depending onlocal command policy. If pets are permitted,they must be under rigorous control at alltimes. At no time are pets allowed to runloose, nor will they be allowed to create anuisance or health problem. Pet owners areresponsible for cleanup and removal of feces.

2. All pets will be required to have proof ofvaccination and registration as required bylocal regulations.

7-27. Refuse Disposal.2-30. Inspections.

1. All refuse must be stored in durable,fly-tight, and rodent-proof containers.Refuse containers must be clean, sanitary,and maintained in good repair. Sufficientcapacity must be provided to prevent over-flowing of any container between collections.

2. All refuse must be collected at leastweekly.

3. The burning of trash and refuse is pro-hibited.

2-28. Insect and Rodent Control.

1. Mobile home parks and RV camp-grounds must be periodically inspected bymedical department personnel to identifyharborage areas or breeding sites for rodentsand insect vectors.

1. Inspections of the mobile home courts/campgrounds area must be routinely con-ducted by management personnel to identifyconditions which require preventive mainte-nance or other corrective action.

2. The medical officer or his/her desig-nated representative must inspect at leastquarterly. A report of the conditions ob-served must be forwarded to the command-ing officer, the manager of the mobile homecourt/campground, and other personnel asappropriate. Emphasis must be placed onhealth and sanitation. Specific considerationshould be paid to conditions which may im-pact on water quality, insect and rodentcontrol, and nuisance, or other health relatedconditions.

January 1995 2-11

2-31 MANUAL OF NAVAL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Section IV. LAUNDRY AND DRY CLEANING

ArticleGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-31Employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-32Sanitary Requirements ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-33Hospital/Health Care Facility Laundry ------------------------------------------------------------- 2-34Hygienically Safe Laundry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-35Industrial Hygiene and Safety ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-36

2-31. General.

The purpose of a laundry or dry cleaners isto produce clean garments. Establishmentsfor washing, drying, and dry cleaning rangefrom hand laundries to highly mechanizedplants. Sanitary or industrial hazards mayoccur at any point in the process from deliv-ery of contaminated clothing to the finishedproduct.

2-32. Employees.

1. Employees of laundry and dry cleaningestablishments must adhere to the followingrequirements:

a. Personnel exposed to dry cleaningsolvents must receive pre-employment andperiodic physical examinations on a scheduledetermined by the medical officer or higherauthority.

b. Personnel working in the processingarea of laundries or dry cleaning plants mustwear clean, washable outer garments in lieuof street clothing.

c. Personal hygiene must be stressed.Frequent hand washing, particularly aftervisiting the toilet or handling soiled linen, ismandatory.

2-33. Sanitary Requirements.

1. Laundry and dry cleaning premisesmust be maintained in a clean and sanitarycondition, free from infestation by rodentsand insects.

2. Floors must be cleaned at least oncedaily by dustless methods. Paper and trash

2-33

must be placed in covered containers; lintmust be removed as necessary from bulk-heads, overheads, and structural supports.

3. Plumbing fixtures and appliances mustbe installed in accordance with establishedstandards, maintained in good repair, andkept in a sanitary condition. These fixturesand appliances must be connected to preventbackflow or cross-connections with the po-table water supply. Shipboard washing ma-chines have the ability to utilize both freshwater or seawater connections. Fresh andsea water connections must be made in ac-cordance with Naval Ships’ TechnicalManual, Chapter 655. Sea water may beused when the ship is outside the 50-fathomcurve, or 25 miles from shore but never whenthe ship is in polluted water.

4. Sanitary angle jet type water fountainsmust be provided to supply drinking water.

5. Adequate toilet facilities with a showerand ample locker space must be providedand maintained in a sanitary condition. Asign stating ‘Wash Hands Before Leav-ing” must be prominently displayed in alltoilet areas.

6. Eating, cooking, smoking, or storage offood, drinks, or smoking material is prohib-ited in rooms where clothing is handled,sorted, marked, washed, or dry cleaned. Ifmeals or lunches are eaten on the premises,a separate room or space, approved by themedical department, must be provided forthis purpose.

7. Laundries and dry cleaning plantsmust have separate areas designated for re-ceiving and issue. Unwashed clothes mustnever be received, sorted, marked, orhandled in close proximity to washed clothes.

2-12 January 1995


8. Rooms or spaces must be designed andmachines and equipment arranged so that aseparate flow of clean and soiled garments ismaintained throughout the laundry or clean-ing process. This flow requires separate con-tact surfaces, such as tables, carts, shelves,etc. Ventilation must move air from clean tosoiled areas to prevent cross contamination.

9. Vehicles and containers used for trans-portation and storage of laundry and drycleaning must be kept clean and in a sani-tary condition.

10. When present, laundries and drycleaning plants must be inspected quarterly.

2-34. Hospital/Health Care FacilityLaundry.

1. Linen management is included in thestandards established by the Joint Commiss-ion on Accreditation of Health Care Orga-nizations. Proper linen management isprobably best satisfied in Naval Hospitalsthrough a joint effort of the Infection ControlCommittee, the Preventive MedicineService, and laundry supervisory personnel.Hospitals/medical facilities using commer-cial linen services are not relieved of theresponsibility for establishing adequatequality assurance procedures.

2. Several aspects of the normal launder-ing process (hot water wash, bleach, andironing) reduce the chance of survival ofpathogenic microorganisms. Linen handlingin hospitals/medical facilities is critical be-cause of the potential for bacterial contamin-at ion f rom infected pat ients . Therecommended method of handling soiledlinen is through the use of individual imper-vious laundry bags for each area. Linen cartsmust be lined with washable material thatcan be removed and replaced easily. Linenmust only be sorted in the laundry sortingroom. Sorting must be done prior to washingby trained personnel wearing clean uni-

forms, masks, and gloves. Sharp objects,such as broken glass, surgical instruments,etc., are sometimes inadvertently placed insoiled linen. These objects must be carefullyremoved by sorting personnel. If not re-moved, the objects may damage machineryand linen.

3. Contaminated laundry from isolatedrooms, surgical cases, etc., is often receivedby laundries. When this occurs, special pre-cautions are required and personnel must bespecifically trained on procedures and po-tential health implications of handling con-taminated articles. Contaminated linenmust be received in impervious, well sealeddouble bags. The outer bag must be labeledwith the universal biohazard symbol or theword ‘Biohazard” or be red in color. The in-ner bag must be hot water soluble. Con-taminated linen must not be sorted.

2-35. Hygienically Safe Laundry.

1. Normally, articles to be laundered areexposed to hot water at 1600 F containingalkalies, detergents, and/or other chemicalcleaning agents. The laundry process is fol-lowed by a series of rinses and machine dry-ing.

2. Recent studies indicate that hygieni-cally safe laundry can be processed withwarm water laundry formulations (not con-taining chlorine bleach) at temperatures of1200 to 1400 F. Hot air dryers area necessarystep when chlorine bleach is not included inthe formulation. The Centers for DiseasePrevention and Control concurs. TheBUMED requirement to add a disinfectingagent (chlorine bleach) to warm water ( 120°-140” F) laundry formulations is hereby re-scinded.

3. Laundered articles must be renderedsufficiently free of animal, chemical, and bac-terial substances or other materials thatmay be harmful to persons handling orwearing such articles.

January 1995 2-13


2-36. Industrial Hygiene and Safety

1. Workrooms associated with laundryand dry cleaning operations where machin-ery or apparatus emit steam, vapors, or heatmust be properly ventilated. Such spaces/operations must be provided with generaland/or local exhaust ventilation in order toreduce and/or maintain personnel exposureto potentially hazardous materials/agentswithin permissible exposure levels. Clean,tempered replacement (or supply) air shouldbe provided. The ventilation system of all drycleaning equipment must be designed to au-tomatically draw air into the machine uponopening the loading door, thus preventingthe release of vapors into the work area. Anyproposed changes/modifications to the venti-lation system must be referred to the localmedical department industrial hygienist forreview.

2. All steam and hot water pipes must beinsulated with approved (non-asbestos) lag-ging.

3. Adequate lighting levels must be pro-vided in accordance with appropriate illumi-nation guidelines.

4. When the air concentration of drycleaning materials exceeds permissible expo-sure levels, appropriate control measuresmust be initiated, i.e., administrative, engi-neering and/or personnel protective equip-ment. In the event of accidental spills, theproper personal protective equipment, to in-clude respiratory protection, gloves, andapron must, be worn during cleanup opera-tions.

5. Machinery producing potentially haz-ardous noise/vibration levels must be iden-tified and proper corrective measures

initiated. Personnel exposed to sound pres-sure levels greater than 84 dBA (decibels-Ascale) must wear proper hearing protectiondevices and receive periodic audiometrictesting and/or evaluation.

6. Eye protection (safety glasses, goggles,face shields, etc.) is required in operationswhere splashes may occur such as replenish-ment of dry cleaning fluid, or the addition ofbleaches and detergents. An emergency eyewash station must be provided within thework area.

7. Automatic safety devices on all equip-ment must be clearly identified, properlymaintained, and must not be removed orbypassed.

8. Guardrails must be constructed in con-nection with ironers, compressors, and otherdangerous equipment. Drive shafts, exposedbelts, and gears must be enclosed.

9. Signs must be conspicuously posted towarn unauthorized personnel to stay clear ofdangerous or restricted areas.

10. First aid kits for emergency use mustbe provided as required by applicable Occu-pational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA) regulations.

11. Slippery floors or decks and clutteredaisles are prohibited.

12. Only properly trained personnel mayoperate flat work ironing machines.

13. Training must be provided in safety,first aid, and use of personal protectiveequipment.

14. Storage of hazardous and flammablematerials used in laundry and dry cleaningprocesses must be in accordance with cur-rent directives.

15. Fire regulations must be prominentlydisplayed and enforced.

2-14 January 1995

2-37 CHAPTER 2. SANITATION OF LIVING SPACES, ETC.

Section V. CHILDREN’S PLAYGROUNDS

Ar t ic le

General ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-37Site Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-38Playground Equipment ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-39

2-37. General.

Playgrounds are typically located atschools, child care centers, picnic areas, andin family housing. Sustained accident pre-vention requires careful planning and con-tinued vigilance to ensure that playgroundsremain free of hazards. Playgrounds must beinspected quarterly by medical departmentpersonnel with preventive medicine respon-sibilities. Complete information and re-quirements concerning the operation ofplaygrounds is found in OPNAVINST1700.9C.

2-38. Site Requirements.

1. The site must be reasonably leveled anddrained to obtain dryness a maximum num-ber of days in the year. The site should not becompletely shaded.

2. It must be free of stone outcropping,gullies, drop-offs, stumps, weeds, animalwaste, and trash.

3. Play areas must be fenced to preventsmall children from wandering into road-ways or other dangerous sites, such asabandoned wells, ravines, or bodies of water.

4. Walkways must be constructed ofgravel, concrete, or other suitable materials.

5. If present, trash receptacles must becovered.

2-39

6. Energy absorbing surfacing, such aswood chips, sand, shredded tires (non-steelbelted), or pebbles, must be used underswings, jungle gyms, slides, and otherequipment.

2-39. Playground Equipment.

When playground equipment is providedit must be located away from natural path-ways of traffic. Steps leading up to slidesmust have handrails. There should beguards on seesaws to prevent boards fromhitting the ground. Swings offer special haz-ards which can be minimized by using seatsof light-weight material, such as belting,rubber or heavy canvas. Bolts and screwswith rounded surfaces must be used in con-struction of playground equipment. Theequipment should have supports of galva-nized or painted metal and be firmly an-chored in concrete. Concrete anchors must besufficiently embedded in the soil to precludethem from becoming a trip or fall hazard.Equipment that is improperly installed;rusted, badly worn, or otherwise deterio-rated must be repaired or replaced. Play-ground equipment must be carefully selectedand properly placed for the age group forwhich it is intended. Sufficient space shouldbe allowed between play areas so that chil-dren may move freely and safely from onearea to another.

January 1995 2-15

2-40 MANUAL OF NAVAL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2 4 5

Section VI. CAMPGROUNDS AND PICNIC AREAS

Al-tickGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-40Site Selection ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-41Water Safety ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-42Water Supply ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-43Refuse Disposal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-44Comfort Stations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-45

2-40. General.

When resources are developed for camp-ing and picnicking, adequate facilities toprotect the health and safety of patrons mustbe provided. Campgrounds and picnic areasmust be inspected on a quarterly basis.

2-41. Site Selection.

Campgrounds and picnic sites must belocated in such a manner as to protect theareas needed for water-shed, range, andother basic resources. A well drained, gentlysloping area is preferred. Sites should be freeof rock outcrops and heavy undergrowth.Weeds should be regularly cut to preventcoarse stubble from developing and to reduceinsect, snake, and small animal hazards.

2-42. Water Safety.

Campgrounds and picnic areas are fre-quently located near a body of water. Whenthis is the case, disease, injury prevention,and water safety measures must be takeninto consideration. Chapter 4 of this manualshould be consulted when a swimming poolor natural bathing place is present.

2-43. Water Supply.

An adequate supply of safe drinking watermust be provided at campgrounds and picnicareas. Water hydrant stations with non-threaded, self-closing faucets must be pro-vided within 150 feet of a campsite andindividual picnic sites. The area around wa-ter hydrants must be properly drained to

prevent standing water. In locations where awater system is not possible, a portable wa-ter source must be provided at a central pick-up station. Non-potable water systems mustbe adequately identified to prevent con-sumption. Campers must also be warned ofthe dangers in using a stream, lake, or springas a source of drinking water. If temporaryfacilities are provided for pop-up trailers andrecreational vehicles, adequate potable wa-ter and sewage facilities must be provided.

2-44. Refuse Disposal.

Durable, waterproof and rodent proofcontainers must be provided for refuse dis-posal. Refuse containers must be locatedwithin 150 feet of any campsite. They shouldbe located near access roads to ease refusecollection. Containers should be sufficientlystable to resist being overturned by domesticand wild animals. They must also have flytight covers and be maintained in a cleanand odor free condition at all times. The useof 55-gallon drums as refuse containersshould be discouraged. Their large sizemakes them difficult to empty and clean. Theabsence of lids makes them attractants forflies, wasps, and other insects. Trash andgarbage must be removed daily prior tonight-fall. More frequent collections may benecessary. Ashes should be removed frombarbecues and the grills cleaned frequentlywith a coarse bristle wire brush.

2-45. Comfort Stations.

Comfort stationslavatories, or other

providing flush toilets,facilities for public use

January 19952-16

2-45 CHAPTER 2. SANITATION OF LIVING SPACES, ETC. 2 4 6

are among the most necessary structuresbuilt in the recreation area.

1. In areas where water under pressure isavailable, modern comfort stations must belocated within 300 feet of any campsite andwithin 500 feet of individual picnic sites. Theuse of chemical toilets in remote areas maybe the only practical solution to sewage dis-posal, depending on state or local ordinances.Frequent cleaning and maintenance are re-quired to avoid objectionable odors and nui-sances in comfort facilities.

2. Permanently constructed comfort sta-tions must be provided with an interior fin-ish of moisture resistant materials whichwill stand frequent washing and cleaning.The floors, walls, partitions, and interiorsurfaces must be impervious to water and

easily cleanable. Comfort stations must bewell lighted, adequately ventilated, andproperly protected from the weather. All ex-terior openings must be covered with 16-inchmesh screen. Doors must open outward andbe self closing.

3. When male and female facilities aregrouped under one roof, a suitably remoteentrance for each section is required. Theapproaches and entrances must be clearlymarked and illuminated. A partition mustcompletely separate the two facilities.

4. Plumbing fixtures must be provided asoutlined in figures 2 and 3. Soap (solid, liquidor powder), paper towels or air dryers, andtrash containers must be provided. The fa-cilities must be thoroughly cleaned daily ormore frequently if required.

Figure 2-2. Comfort Stations for Campgrounds

NUMBER COMMODES LAVATORIESOF SITES MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE URINALS

1 - 2 0 1 2 1 2 1

21-30 2 3 2 2 2

Figure 2-3. Comfort Stations for Picnic Areas

CAR PARKING COMMODES LAVATORIESSPACES MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE URINALS

1 - 4 0 1 2 1 2 1

41-80 2 4 2 2 2

Section WI. GYMNASIUMS

ArticleGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-46Equipment --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-47Structural ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-48Lighting ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-49Toilet Facilities --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-50Drinking Fountains --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-51Recreational Clothing Issue/Rental ------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-52

2-46. General.health, and morale. These facilities must be

Gymnasiums and other similar facilities maintained in a safe, sanitary condition.aid in the promotion of physical fitness, good Quarterly inspection of gymnasiums must be

January 1995 2-17

2-46 MANUAL OF NAVAL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

conducted by medical department personnelwith preventive medicine responsibilities.

2-47. Equipment.

Sports and physical fitness related equip-ment must be of an acceptable design andconstructed to prevent injury due to struc-tural defects. All equipment must be main-tained in safe operating condition.

2-48. Structural.

1. Floors. All playing surfaces, runningtracks, passageways, and other floors mustbe maintained free of spills, debris, unevensurfaces, protrusions and obstacles that mayincrease the potential of injury.

2. Walls and ceilings must be reasonablysmooth, easily cleanable, light colored, andmaintained in good repair. Walls in closeproximity to basketball and other similarsports must be suitably padded to reducephysical injury.

3. Mats and other cushioning devicesmust be adequately maintained and cleanedroutinely.

2-49. Lighting.

Gymnasiums must be adequately illumi-nated for spectator or recreational sportingactivities. Locker rooms and other areasmust also be properly illuminated. All lumi-naries must be adequately shielded to pro-tect them from damage or breakage fromprojectiles. Mercury vapor and halide bulbsmust be equipped with self-extinguishingmechanisms or be completely enclosed by ashield that absorbs ultraviolet radiation.

2-50. Toilet Facilities.

Separate toilet facilities

2 -52

with water clos-ets, lavatories and urinals as appropriatemust be provided for male and female staffand spectators. The facilities must be physi-cally separated from patron shower andlocker rooms. Shower/locker rooms must befitted with adequate lockers, showers, waterclosets, urinals, and lavatories to accommo-date the needs of patrons. The handwashingfacilities must be provided with NSF ap-proved cloth towel dispensers or disposabletowels and liquid, solid or powdered soap. Alltoilet and shower facilities must be main-tained in a clean sanitary condition free fromplumbing defects. Suitable trash containersmust be placed in all toilet and locker rooms.Refuse containers must be emptied at suffi-cient intervals to prevent overflow of refuse.

2-51. Drinking Fountains.

Drinking fountains must be provided toaccommodate staff, patrons and spectators.Drinking fountains must be cleaned dailywith particular emphasis on the bowl, orificeand orifice guard. Drinking fountains mustbe the angle jet type.

2-52. Recreational Clothing Rental/Issue.

Some facilities have the capability of issu-ing or renting recreational clothing, (shorts,towels, etc.) for use by patrons. The medicaldepartment (preventive medicine service)must review and approve the procedures as-sociated with the issue of such items. Laun-dry facilities within the facility, if adequateand approved, are acceptable.

2-18 January 1995


Section VIII. THEATERS

Al-tickGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-53Construction Standards ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-54Housekeeping Requirements --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-55Food Service ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-56Safety --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-57

2-53. General.

The head of Moral Welfare and Recreationis responsible to commanding officers for theoperation of theaters at Navy and MarineCorps activities. Included in this responsibil-ity is the elimination of any condition thatcould adversely affect the health of patrons.Navy and Marine Corps theaters must beinspected periodically by management andmedical personnel with preventive medicineresponsibilities. These inspections should fo-cus on identifying discrepancies in house-keeping and insect and rodent control.

2-54. Construction Standards.

Minimum construction standards, includ-ing ventilation, heating and cooling are in-cluded in the Department of DefenseConstruction Criteria Manual. Adherence tothese standards is required in order to pro-tect the health, comfort, and safety of pa-trons.

2-55. Housekeeping Requirements.

The entire theater, all corridors, aisles,stairways, drinking fountains, and patron

seats should be cleaned daily before thebuilding is secured. Waste containers mustbe emptied as necessary and prior to closing.Food or drink spillage should be cleaned as itoccurs or at the next intermission. Unneces-sary combustible material is not to be storedin the building or immediate area. Evidenceof insects and rodents must be promptly re-ported by trouble call or work request.

2-56. Food Service.

Snack bars, refreshment stands, vendingmachines, etc., must be operated in accor-dance with NAVMED P-5010-1.

2-57. Safety.

Seats must, be in good condition with nosplinters or protruding nails. Carpets andfloors must be periodically checked for wornor frayed edges which could result in trip-ping. Fire exits must open outward, beequipped with illuminated signs, be properlylocated, adequate in number, and equippedwith panic bars. Fire exits must never belocked with chains or other devices whichmay hinder safe egress.

January 1995 2-19


Section IX. RIDING STABLES

Ar t ic leGeneral ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2-58Stables and Corrals -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-59Water -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-60Insect and Rodent Control ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-61Waste Disposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-62Veterinary Service --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-63

2-58. General.

1. The primary environmental healthconcern associated with horses is the sta-bling of these animals and related waste dis-posal. Accumulation of animal feces providesa breeding place’ for flies and creates a persis-tent source of odors. Flies constitute a publichealth hazard because of their potential formechanically transmitting disease. Eliminat-ion of fly breeding sites is essential to flycontrol.

2. Riding stables must be inspected atleast quarterly by preventive medicine per-sonnel.

2-59. Stables and Corrals.

1. To minimize potential odor and nui-sance problems, horses must be stabled in alocation removed from, but accessible to, themain recreation center of the activity.

2. Stables must be located on a welldrained site. Buildings must be of durableconstruction to prevent deterioration and/orrodent and insect infestations. Floors inhorse stalls must be paved with woodenblocks sealed in asphalt or other imperviousmaterial, except concrete. Stall floors mustbe sloped to facilitate proper drainage. Floorsin general storage rooms must be of concreteconstruction so they can be hosed down andmaintained in a clean, odor free condition. Asufficient number of hose bib outlets,equipped with suitable backflow preventiondevices must be provided throughout thestable for this purpose.

3. The stable must be provided with anadequate drainage system so that all liquidwaste can be satisfactorily drained awayfrom the stable facilities. Corrals and pad-

2 -20

dock areas should be gently sloped to facili-tate natural drainage and minimize stand-ing pools of surface water. A drinking watertrough must be provided in the corral forwatering animals.

2-60. Water.

Water for employees and patrons must beprovided in accordance with the Safe Drink-ing Water Act. If a well is used as the sourceof drinking water it must be located at least100 feet from the stable and paddock sites orthe areas where they drain. Untreated wellwater may be used for watering animals, butsuch supplies are not acceptable for employ-ees and patrons. To avoid accidental humanconsumption, non-potable water systemsmust be plainly labeled, ‘WATER UNSAFEFOR DRINKING.” Every effort must bemade to ensure that no cross connectionsexist between potable and non-potable sys-tems.

2-61. insect and Rodent Control.

The stable must be of rodent proof con-struction. Openings to the outside must beeffectively screened when feasible to preventthe entry of flies and other insects. Feedgrains must be stored in rodent proof con-tainers. Feed storage areas must be periodi-cally inspected by medical departmentrepresentatives for evidence of insect or ro-dent infestation.

2-62. Waste Disposal.

1. Adequate toilet facilities must be pro-vided for employees and patrons. Separatefacilities must be provided for males and fe-males.

January 1995


2. Manure must be removed and stored ordisposed of in accordance with state/locallaws and ordinances. Manure must be re-moved from the stalls and corrals at leastonce each day, preferably in the early morn-ing.

3. Storage and disposal must be accom-plished in a manner that prevents contami-nation of run-off water.

Section X. SANITATION OF

2-63. Veterinary Service.

The operation of the stable must be underthe professional guidance of a veterinarian,either military or contract civilian. If theboarding of privately owned horses is per-mitted, health certification from a licensedveterinarian, including vaccination records,must be provided before the animal is ac-cepted into the stable.

ADMINISTRATIVE SPACES

ArticleGeneral ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-64Habitability ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-65Sanitation/Housekeeping ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-66

2-64. General.

A significant proportion of military andcivilian personnel work in administrativespaces. Clean administrative spaces with ad-equate lighting, heating, cooling and ventila-tion enhances morale and promotesproductivity. When compared to industrialwork spaces, such as shops, engineeringspaces, storerooms, and warehouses, there isless chance of occupational injury or diseasetransmission; nevertheless, injuries do occurand the possibility of disease transmissiondoes exist. Surveys of administrative spacesshould be conducted in response to troublecalls or to resolve discrepancies identifiedduring administrative inspections. Evalua-tions of health concerns in administrativespaces often require a multi-disciplined sur-vey team including environmental health of-ficers, industrial hygienists, etc.

2-65. Habitability.

1. A healthy environment is essential inadministrative spaces ashore and afloat tomaintain the efficiency of Navy and MarineCorps personnel.

2. The shipboard habitability program,procedures, category standards, require-

ments, and responsibility are outlined in Na-val Sea Systems Command directives andOPNAVINST 9640.1 series.

a. Ventilation for surface ships requiresminimum replenishment with outside air atthe rate of 5 cubic feet per minute per occu-pant. OPNAVINST 5100.19C (Vol 1), con-cerning heat stress is applicable. Airconditioning of administrative spaces is adesign goal which must be considered on anindividual basis.

b. Noise standards in administrativespaces are such that direct speech commun-ication must be understood with minimumerror and without need for repetition.

c. General Specifications for Ships ofthe U.S. Navy require lighting fixtures to bearranged to provide uniform illumination sothat the ratio of maximum foot candles un-der a lighting fixture to the minimum footcandles between it and the nearest adjacentfixture is not greater than two to one.

3. Requirements for shore facilities arefound in the Department of Defense Con-struction Criteria Manual. The followingstandards apply to administrative officesand spaces.

a. The net floor area per building occu-pant must not be less than 115 square feetand not more than 130 square feet.

January 1995 2-21

2-65 MANUAL OF NAVAL

b. The minimum ratio of plumbing fix-tures to the number of persons to be accom-modated appears in table 2-3.

c. Air conditioning, evaporative cool-ing, dehumidification, mechanical ventila-tion, and type of heating is determined by the

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2-66

climatic zone in which the facility is located.Heating systems must, while operated atrated capacity, maintain an inside tempera-ture of 68 degrees F in administrativespaces.

Table 2-3. Ratio of Plumbing Fixtures to Persons

WATER DRINKINGOCCUPANTS CLOSETS LAVATORIES URINALS FOUNTAIN

up to 30 1 / 1 5 1 / 2 0 1 / 3 0 1 / 7 5

31 to 120 1 / 2 0 1 / 2 0 1 / 4 0 1 / 7 5

FEMALE

up to 120 1/15 1/15 None 1 / 7 5

d. Lighting Intensities for AdministrativeSpaces Ashore: Lighting intensities mustconform to the guidelines established in thecurrent edition of the Illuminating Engineer-ing Society (IES) Lighting Handbook. Theintensity of the general illumination for anyarea must not exceed 150 foot candles. If ahigher intensity is required for a particulartask, it must be achieved by supplementingthe general illumination with localized(supplementary) lighting. The ratios be-tween general and supplementary illumina-tion must be at least those recommended byIES. Supplementary lighting fixtures mustbe reviewed and approved by safety person-nel prior to installation.

2-66. Sanitation and Housekeeping.

1. Administrative spaces ashore andafloat must be kept clean with no evidence ofinsects and rodents. Afloat, insect and rodentcontrol is a medical department responsibil-ity. Ashore, the medical department is re-

sponsible for inspections and surveys; thepublic works department is responsible fortreatment and control. Administrative per-sonnel must report the presence of insects orrodents to public works by trouble call orwork request.

2. Floors should be cleaned daily. The typeof floor determines the method of cleaning.Carpets and rugs should be maintained asrecommended by the manufacturer. Paintedsurfaces must be cleaned periodically to pre-vent accumulation of dirt.

3. Trash receptacles must be emptieddaily and cleaned periodically. Disposableliners are recommended.

4. Drinking fountains should be cleanedat least once daily with particular emphasison the bowl, orifice, and orifice guard.Drinking fountains must be of the angle jettype.

5. Head facilities must be cleaned andresupplied daily.

6. Mops, brooms, brushes, and othercleaning gear must be thoroughly cleanedand properly stored after each use.

2 -22 January 1995


7. Cleaning contracts for administrative 8. Cooking is not permitted in administra-areas must provide a specified cleaning tive areas; designated lounges can be uti-schedule in the basic contract. lized, if inspected and

department personnel,

Section XI. SAUNAS AND STEAM ROOMS

approved by medical

ArticleGeneral ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-67Structure ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-68Sanitation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-69Safety --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-70

2-67. General.

Saunas and steam rooms are used for re-laxation or as part of an individual physicalfitness program. Saunas operate on the prin-ciple of inducing perspiration through hightemperature dry heat, whereas steam roomsuse moist heat. Saunas and steam roomsmust be structurally sound, clean, and free ofany potentially dangerous condition.

tering, protruding nails, or other fastenersthat may cause injury.

3. Steam Rooms. Steam rooms must becompletely lined with impervious material(e.g., ceramic tile) which will not deteriorateunder moist heat conditions. The walls,floors, and ceiling must be maintained ingood repair. Benches must be constructedand installed to permit easy cleaning.

2-69. Sanitation.2-68. Structure.

1. General. Constructive must be no lessthan industry standards and be approved forinstallation by the cognizant EngineeringField Division, Naval Facilities EngineeringCommand. Electrical installation must be inaccordance with current Naval Facilities En-gineering Command standards. Doors mustcontain window(s) which allow observationof the entire room. Lighting must be in accor-dance with current Illumination Engineer-ing Society Standards. Carpet and/otherabsorbent floor coverings are prohibited.

2. Sauna. Saunas must be constructed ofrot resistant woods (e.g., redwood). The floormust be covered with buckboards designedfor easy removal and cleaning. Benches mustbe designed to allow easy cleaning with nohard-to-reach locations. Benches must bemaintained in good structural repair. Seat-ing surfaces must be smooth without splin-

The interior of saunas, steam rooms, andassociated changing areas (see Article 2-50)must be clean and free of debris, foul odors,or other unsanitary conditions. The floor,buckboards, benches, or platforms must bescrubbed daily using a mild detergent fol-lowed by an EPA registered disinfectant(e.g., 50 ppm chlorine solution) or commer-cial cleaner/sanitizer. The consumption offood or drink in saunas or steam rooms isstrictly prohibited. The sanitary condition ofa sauna or steam room should be determinedin conjunction with the inspection of the fa-cility in which it is located.

2-70. Safety.

A thermostatic; control device must be in-stalled which prevents saunas and steamrooms from exceeding 200° F (93° C) and 120°

January 1995 2-23

2-70 MANUAL OF NAVAL

F (49° C) respectively. Signs must be con-spicuously posted listing rules for operationand use. If for any reason a sauna or steamroom is equipped with a door lock, the doormust be easily opened from inside the room.Steam outlets, piping, and heaters must be

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2-71

shielded to prevent burns. Saunas and steamrooms which are located in remote sites,away from pedestrian traffic, should beequipped with an alarm or equivalent sys-tem which can be activated by the patron inan emergency.

SECTION XII.

2-71. References.

The following is a list of publications usedin the preparation of this chapter. Copiesshould be on hand or available to medicaldepartment personnel for reference andguidance. State and local guidance shouldalso be consulted, and procured as necessary.Revisions and supplements are published asnecessary and personnel must ensure thatthey are on the distribution list to receivecurrent editions.

1. DoD InstructionsDoD 4270. l-M, Department of Defense

Construction Criteria Manual2. Navy Instructions

a. SECNAVINST 1640.9 series, De-partment of the Navy Corrections Manual

b. OPNAVINST 1700.9 series, ChildDevelopment Programs

c. OPNAVINST 1640.7 series, Manualfor the Operation of a Waterfront Brig/Cor-rectional Custody Unit.

d. OPNAVINST 1640.8 series, Manualfor the Administration of Afloat Brigs.

e. OPNAVINST 5090.1 series, Envi-ronmental and Natural Resources Protec-tion Manual.

f. OPNAVINST 5100.19 series (Vol 1),Navy Occupational Safety and Health(NAVOSH) Program Manual for ForcesAfloat

g. OPNAVINST 5100.23 series, NavyOccupational Safety and Health ProgramManual

h. OPNAVINST 9640.1 series, Ship-board Habitability Program.

i. OPNAVINST 11103.1 series, Ad-equacy, Assignment, and Utilization ofBachelor Quarters (BQ)

j. BUPERSINST 1710.11 series, NavyRecreation Operational Policies

k. NAVMEDCOMINST 6260.5 series,Occupational Noise Control and HearingConservation.

1. NAVMEDCOMINST 6770.1 series,Linen Management

3. Navy Publicationsa. General Specifications for Ships of

the United Stats Navy, NAVSEA S9AAO-AA-SPN-010/GEN-SPEC.

b. Navy Bachelor Quarters Manual,NAVPERS 15606

c. Naval Ships’ Technical Manual,Chapter 655, Laundry

d. Naval Ships’ Technical Manual,Chapter 670, Stowage Handling, and Dis-posal o f h a z a r d o u s G e n e r a l U s eConsumables

e. NAVFAC DM-4, Electrical Engi-neering

f. NAVFAC DM-37.4, Brigs, DetentionFacilities

g. NAVMED P-117, Manual of theMedical Department

h. NAVMED P-5010-3, Ventilation andThermal Stress Ashore and Afloat

4. Non-DoD Publicationsa. “Environmental Health Guide for

Mobile Home Communities,” U.S. Depart-ment of Health Education, and Welfare,Public Health Service, Revised 1975. Avail-able from: Mobile Home Manufacturers As-sociation, 14650 Lee Road, Chantilly, VA22021

2-24 January 1995


b. Title 29, Code of Federal Regula-tions, Part 1910.37 (29 CFR 1910.37) “Gen-eral Industry, ” OSHA Safety and HealthStandards

c. Title 29, Code of Federal Regula-tions, Part 1910.1030 (29 CFR 1910.1030),Control of Occupational Exposure toBloodborne Pathogens

d. Title 29, Code of Federal Regula-tions, Part 1926.50 (29 CFR 1926.50), Medi-cal Services and First Aid

e. “Health and Safety Hazards at Rec-reation Areas, ” National EnvironmentalHealth Association, 1982.

f. "Illuminating Engineering Society

(IES) Handbook,” Illuminating EngineeringSociety, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY10017.

g. “Manufactured Home Installations”American National Standards InstituteA225.1, National Fire Protection Association501-A (joint publication)

h. “Mobile Home Court DevelopmentGuide, ” U.S. Department of Housing andUrban Development

i. PHS Publication No. 1195, “Envi-ronmental Health Practice in Recreation Ar-eas, ” reprinted 1978.

j. Sanitarian’s Handbook, 1977 Edi-tion, Ben Freedman, M. D., M.P.H.

January 1995 2-25

P5010 Sanitation of Living Spaces

Documents

Transcript of P5010 Sanitation of Living Spaces