OXYGEN TRANSPORT T OTISSUE XVI

Michael C. HoganOdile Mathieu-CostelloDavid C . Pooleand Peter D . Wagner

Advances in experimental medicine and biology : v .

361)

THEORETICAL MODELS OF 0 2 TRANSPORT

Local Plasma Convection Can Be Important for Oxygen Releas ein Tissue Capillaries 1

C. Bos, L . Hoofd, and Z . Turek

Formulation and Realization of a Multicompartmental Modelfor 0,CO Z Coupled Transport in the Microcirculation 7

G .-F . Ye

Analysis of Tissue Diffusivity using Mathematical Models

1 7

A . Dutta and A .S . Popel

Computer-Modeling of Oxygen Supply to Cartilage: Additionof a Compartmental Model 3 1

G .-F . Ye and S .F . Silverton

A Program to Calculate Mixed Venous Oxygen Tension - AGuide to Transfusion? 4 1

N .S . Faithfull, G .E. Rhoades, P .E . Keipert, A .S . Ringle, and A. Trouwborst

Microcirculation and 02 Exchange through the Skin Surface . ATheoretical Analysis 5 1

D .W. Lübber s

Abstracts :

Fractal Approaches to the Microcirculation

5 9

J .B . Bassingthwaighte, L . Young, R .P . Beyer, and C .Y. Wang

METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION

A. Phosphorescence Quenching :

Recent Advances in Oxygen Measurements using Phosphorescenc eQuenching 6 1

D .F . Wilson and S .A. Vinogradov

Recovery of Oxygen Distributions in Tissue from Phosphorescenc eDecay Data 67

S .A. Vinogradov and D .F . Wilso n

A New Phosphorimeter for the Measurement of Oxygen Pressure susing PD-Porphine Phosphorescence 75

M. Sinaasappel, C . Ince, J .P . van der Sluijs, and H.A. Bruining

Imaging Oxygen Pressure in Tissue In Vivo by PhosphorescenceDecay 8 3

M. Pawlowski and D .F. Wilson

Measurement of Oxygen Pressure in the Heart In Vivo usingPhosphorescence Quenching 9 3

W.L. Rumsey, M . Pawlowski, N . Lejavardi, and D .F. Wilson

Detecting Hypoxia in Heart using Phosphorescence Quenching

and 99M Technetium-Nitromidazoles 9 9W.L. Rumsey, B . Kuczynski, and B . Patel

Intestinal Ischemia during Hypoxia and Experimental Sepsis asObserved by NADH Videofluorimetry andQuenching of PD-Porphine Phosphorescence 105

C . Ince, J .P . van der Sluijs, M . Sinaasappel ,J .A .M. Avontuur, J .M.C .C . Coremans, and H .A . Bruinin g

B. Magnetic Resonance Techniques:

`H NMR Approach to Observe Tissue Oxygenation with th eSignals of Myoglobin 11 1

T . Jue, U. Kreutzer, and Y . Chung

Measurements of P 02 In Vivo, including Human Subjects b yElectron Paramagnetic Resonance 11 9

H .M. Swartz, G . Bacic, B . Friedman, F . Goda, O . Grinberg ,P .J . Hoopes, J . Jiang, K.J . Liu, T. Nakashima ,J . O'Hara, and T . Walczak

Half-Life of Perfluorooctylbromide in Inner Organs Determinedby Fast 19F-NMR Imaging 129

L .J .E . Jäger, U. Nöth, A . Haase, and J . Lutz

C. Near Infrared Spectroscopy :

Frequency Response by Pulse Reduction for the Analysis o fTRS Spectra 13 5

K .A. Kang, D.F. Bruley, J .M. Londono, and B . Chance

An Automated System for the Measurement of the Response o fCerebral Blood Volume and Cerebral Blood Flowto Changes in Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tensio nusing Near Infrared Spectroscopy 143

C .E. Elwell, M. Cope, D . Kirkby, H. Owen-Reece ,C .E . Cooper, E .O.R. Reynolds, and D .T . Delpy

Near Infrared Spectroscopy : In Situ Studies of Skeletal and

Cardiac Muscle 15 7

C .A. Piantadosi and F .G . Duhaylongso d

D. Other :

Digital Imaging of the Oxygenation State within an Isolated SingleRat Cardiomyocyte 16 3

E . Takahashi and K . Do i

Optical Imaging of Human Breast Cancer

17 1

S . Nioka, M . Miwa, S . Orel, M. Shnall, M. Haida ,

S . Zhao, and B . Chance

Transcutaneous H 2 Clearance - A New Least-Invasive Method fo rAssessing Skin Blood Flow 18 1

D .K. Harrison, R .A. Raad, D .J . Newton, and P .T . McCollu m

Measurement of Cardio-Respiratory Function using Single Frequenc yInspiratory Gas Concentration Forcing Signals 18 7

E .M. Williams and C .E .W. Hahn

Optical Oxygen Sensor using Fluorescence Lifetime Measurement

197

S . Bambot, R . Holavanahali, J .R . Lakowicz, G .M. Carter ,and G. Rao

Tomographic Time-of-Flight Optical Imaging Device

20 7

D .A . Benaron, D.C. Ho, S . Spilman, J .P . Van Houten ,

and D .K. Stevenso n

Non-Recursive Linear Algorithms for Optical Imaging in Diffusive Media

21 5

D .A . Benaron, D .C . Ho, S . Spilman, J .P . Van Houten ,and D.K. Stevenson

Abstracts :

Results of Optical Imaging of Brain Pathology

22 3D.A . Benaron

Forearm Blood Flow Measurement by Near Infrared Spectroscopy

22 4R.A. De Blasi, M . Ferrari, G . Conti, A . Mega, andA. Gasparett o

Object Localization in Brain and Breast by a Phased Array System

225B. Chance, K. Kang, and L . He

Mitochondrial Redox State as a "Gold Standard" of Tissue Hypoxia

226B . Chance

Development of a Closed Circuit System for Pediatric Anesthesi aand On-Line V02 Monitoring 227

E.P . Eijking, J . Bezstarosti, B . Westerkamp, G . van Dijk ,A .E.E. Meursing, and W . Erdmann

Gaseous Oxygen Monitoring Using a Membrane Immobilize dPhosphorescence Probe 22 8

P .M . Gewehr, and D .T . Delpy

New Intravital Skeletal Muscle Preparation for Oxygen Transpor tInvestigations 229

R .S . Gill, R .F . Potter, W .J . Sibbald, and C .G . Elli s

Very Low Frequency Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Allow sthe Imaging of Oxygen Concentrations in DistinctPharmacologic Compartments Deep in Living Tissue 23 0

H .J . Halpern, C . Yu, M . Peric, E . Barth, D . Grdina, and B .A. Teicher

Local Determination of Oxygenation and Cell Vitality in MulticellularSpheroids by Microelectrodes and Photometry 23 1

G . Holtermann, A . Görlach, N. Opitz, M . Wartenberg, and H . Acke r

Fiber Optic Probe for Near Infra-Red Monitoring of Deep Muscle

232P . Jöbsi s

Intracellular Oxygenation and Redox Status in Muscle

23 3F.F . Jöbsis-VanderVliet, and P . Jöbsi s

Concerted Oxygen-17/Phosphorus-31 Magnetic ResonanceSpectroscopy : A Novel Approach for In Vivo Correlatio nof Oxygen Consumption and Phosphate Metabolism 234

G.D. Mateescu, and D . Fercu

A Preparation for the In Vivo Study of Capillary and Fibe rStructure-Function Relationships in Rat Diaphragm 23 5

D .C. Poole

Validation of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Non-Invasiv eMonitor of Cerebral Metabolism 23 6

E .G . Whitaker, J .R . Mault, J .S . Heinle, A .J . Lodge,F.F . Jöbsis-VanderVliet, and R .M. Ungerleide r

SYSTEMIC OXYGEN TRANSPORT

Is Red Cell Flow Heterogeneity a Critical Variable in th eRegulation and Limitation of Oxygen Transport to Tissue? 23 7

B .R. Duling

Measurements of Hemoglobin Concentration and Oxyge nSaturation Profiles in Arterioles using Intravita lVideomicroscopy and Image Analysis 24 9

K. Parthasarathi and R .N. Pittman

The Influence of Hypoxic Hypoxia on Coronary Blood Flow Heterogeneity

26 1R .W. Baer

Oxygen Delivery and Intentional Hemodilution

2 7 1S .M. Cai n

Effects of Isovolemic Hemodilution on Microcirculator yParameters and Skeletal Muscle Oxygenationduring Anaesthesia 279

C .G .H .M. Kooiman . A .J . van der Kleij . Ch . P. Henny ,D .A . Dongelmans and M . Günderoth

The Role of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF) i nthe Whole Body and Hindlimb Vascular Response sDuring Hypoxic Hypoxia 285

C .E. King, S .E . Curtis, M .J . Winn, J .D . Mewburn, S .M. Cain, and C .K. Chapler

Critical Oxygen Extraction in Dog Hindlimb after Inhibition o fNitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase Systems 29 5

M.J . Winn, B . Vallet, S .E . Curtis, C .K. Chapler, C .E. King, and S .M . Cai n

Intravitreal Perfluorocarbon and Oxygen Delivery in InducedRetinal Ischaemia 303

S .J. Cringle, D-Y. Yu, V .A. Alder, and E-N. Su

Whole Animal, Lung and Muscle Hemodynamics and Function Ar eMaintained during and After Oxygentm HT Infusion 31 3

T.E. Gayeski, R .J . Connett, W.A. Voter, J .L. Frierson ,

P .E. Keipert, and N.S . Faithfull

The Interaction of Acteoside with Mitochondrial Lipid Peroxidationas an Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Model 31 9

N. Pan and H. Hori

Ischemia Reperfusion Damage in the Gut and Its Treatment wit hDrugs of the Aminosalicylic Acid Group 32 7

J . Lutz and A .J . Augusti n

Gastric Intramucosal Acidosis during Weaning from Mechanica lVentilation 33 3

Z. Mohsenifar

Alterations in Erythrocyte Deformability under Hypoxia :Implications for Impaired Oxygen Transport 345

J .M. Rifkind and O .O. Abugo

The Haldane Effect under Different Acid-Base Conditions inPremature and Adult Humans 35 3

H. Kalhoff, F . Werkmeister, H . Kiwull-Schöne, L . Diekmann, F . Manz, andP. Kiwull

The Proton Bohr Factor of Native and Crosslinker Treate dHemoglobins - Its Possible Significance for th eEfficacy of Hemoglobin Based Artificial OxygenCarriers 36 3

W .K.R . Barnikol

Methods for Measuring Levels of 0 2 in Tissues

37 1P .D. Wagner and P . Schei d

Partial Substitution of Red Blood Cells with Free Hemoglobi nSolution does not Improve Maximal 02 Uptakeof Working In Situ Dog Muscle 375

M .C. Hogan, S .S . Kurdak, R . Richardson, and P.D. Wagner

Abstracts:

Dependence of Oxygen Delivery on Hematocrit

37 9K. Messmer

Moderate Anemia Does Not Decrease Subcutaneous Tissu eOxygen Tension in Rabbits 38 1

H.W . Hopf, D . Swanson, and T .K. Hunt

Mechanism of Tissue Oxygen Transport Enhancement b yFluorocarbon Blood Substitutes at Norma lHematocrit 382

T .K. Goldstick, R .A. Lisenmeier, L .F. Mockros ,and C.M. Waters

Effects of Perflubron Emulsion (an Enhancer of Oxygen Carriag ein Plasma) on Oxygen Transport in the AnemicAnesthetized Dog 383

E .C . Johnson, B .K. Erickson, E .K. Birks, P .E . Keipert,N .S . Faithfull, and P .D. Wagner

Determinants of Red Cell Motion in the Microcirculation

384S. Chien

Ischemia, Reperfusion, and White Blood Cell Function in th eMicrocirculation 385

G.W. Schmid-Schönbein, M. Suematsu, J . Barroso-Aranda ,R .H. Chavez-Chavez, T .T . Yee, F .A. DeLano, andB .W. Zweifac h

Relaxing and Contracting Factors in the Microcirculation

38 6R .L. Engle r

Assessment of Organ Function in Multiple System Organ Failure

387G. Gutierre z

Change in Oxygen Affinity in Prenatal and Postnatal Young of aViviparous Australian Elapid Snak e(Pseudechis porphyriacus) 38 8

R .A .B . Holland, S .L . Butler, and S.L . Calvert

Active Amino Acid Transport and Oxygen Metabolism in thePerfused Human Placental Lobule

389D.J . Maguire, S .M. Marshall, R .H. Mortimer, and G.R. Cannel l

Placental Propranolol Metabolism in Normoxia and Hypoxia

390G.R. Cannell, A .J. Fletcher, R .H. Mortimer, and D .J . Maguire

Capnographic Curve and Cardiac Output Measurement inCritically Ill Patients 39 1

R .L . ZatelliHEAR T

Effects of Energy Demand in Ischemic and in Hypoxemi cIsolated Rat Hearts

39 3M. Samaja, S . Casalini, S . Allibardi, and A . Corno

Effect of Perfusion Pressure on Regional Myocardial Oxyge nConsumption and End-Diastolic Segment Lengthin Swine Myocardium 40 1

B .A. Cason, I . Shubayev, and R .F . Hickey

A New Approach for Quantitative Evaluation of Coronary Capillarie sin Longitudinal Sections 407

K. Rakusan, S . Batra, and M .I . Hero n

Misinterpretation of Coronary Cholesterol Atheromata inCholesterol-Fed Rabbits as Suitable Model forConventional Human Coronary Plaques 41 7

F. Thimm, M. Frey, and G . Fleckenstein-Grün

Abstracts :

Functional Heterogeneity of the Heart

42 5

J .B . Bassingthwaighte, and J .I .S . Chan

LUNG

Respiratory Gas Exchange and Inert Gas Retention During Partia lLiquid Ventilation 427

E .A . Mates, J .C . Jackson, J . Hildebrandt, W .E. Truog ,T .A . Standaert, and M .P. Hlastala

Effects of Different Mechanical Ventilation Modes on Oxygenatio nin Surfactant Depleted Rabbit Lungs 43 7

J . Kesecioglu, L . Telci, A .S . Tütüncü, F . Esen, W . Erdmann ,and B . Lachmann

Effect of Ketanserine on Oxygenation and Ventilation Inhomogeneit yin Pigs with ARDS 44 3

J. Kesecioglu, C . Ince, J .C . Pompe, I. Gültuna, W . Erdmann ,and H .A. Bruining

Effect of Continuous Rotation on the Efficacy of Partial Liquid(Perflubron) Breathing in Canine Acute Lung Injury 44 9

S.E. Curtis, S .J . Tilden, W.E. Bradley, and S .M. Cai n

Constriction and Dilatation of Pulmonary Arterial Ring by Hydroge nPeroxide - Importance of Prostanoids 45 7

K. Yamaguchi, K . Asano, M. Mori, T. Takasugi ,H . Fujita, Y . Suzuki, and T . Kawashiro

Abstracts :

Functional Heterogeneity in the Lungs

46 5P .D. Wagne r

Influence of Intratracheal Perflubron Vapor on Lung Mechanic sand Blood Gases 46 6

R .J . Houmes, B . Lachmann, N .S . Faithfull and W . Erdman n

Influence of Perflubron Vapor on Pulmonary Gas Trappin gand Surface Tension after Intravenou sPFOB-Emulsion Administration 46 7

B . Lachmann, R .J . Houmes, N .S . Faithfull, and W . Erdmann

BRAIN

Effect of Mild Hypothermia on Active and Basal Cerebra lOxygen Metabolism and Blood Flow 469

E.M. Nemoto, R . Kelmentavicius, J .A. Melick,and H . Yonas

Investigation of the Effects of Hypocapnia upon Cerebra lHaemodynamics in Normal Volunteers an dAnaesthetised Subjects by Near InfraredSpectroscopy (NIRS) 475

H. Owen-Reece, C .E. Elwell, J . Goldstone, M . Smith ,D .T . Delpy, and J .S . Wyat t

Intraoperative Monitoring of Local Hb-Oxygenation in Huma nBrain Cortex 48 3

J. Höper and M.R. Gaab

Slow Waves of Tissue P02 in the Border Zone of Photothromboti cBrain Infarction and their Relation to SpreadingDepression-Like Events 49 1

K. van Rossem, H. Vermarien, and K . Decuyper

Increased Basic Fibroblastic Growth Factor mRNA in the Brain sof Rats Exposed to Hypobaric Hypoxia 49 7

J .C . LaManna, K.D. Boehm, V. Mironov, A .G. Hudetz ,M.A. Hritz, J .K. Yun, and S .I. Han k

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Oxygen Supply to Exercising Muscle: Roles of Diffusion Limitationand Heterogeneity of Blood Flow 50 3

J . Piiper

Does Energy Demand Have an Additional Control in Ischemia o rAre Current Models of Metabolic Control Adequateat Extremes? 50 9

R .J . Connett, T .E .J . Gayeski, and C .R. Honi g

Red Blood Cell Transit Time in Man : Theoretical Effect of Capillary Density

52 1R .S . Richardson, D .C. Poole, D.R. Knight, and P .D. Wagne r

Capillarization, Fibre Types and Myoglobin Content of th eDog Gracilis Muscle 53 3

H . Degens, B .E.M. Ringnalda, and L.J .C . Hoofd

Leukocyte-Endothelium Interaction in the Microvasculatureof Postischemic Striated Muscle 54 1

M .D . Menger, H . Kerger, A. Geisweid, A .J . Leu, R . Hecht ,D . Nolte, and K. Messmer

Flow Characteristics of Erythrocytes Subjected to ProlongedIncubation in PBS 54 7

P. Ram Rao, V . Puri, O. Abugo, and J . Rifkind

Effect of Electrostatic Force on Erythrocyte Deformation i nNarrow Capillaries 55 5

P . Ram Rao

Exercise in Patients with Intermittent Claudication Results in theGeneration of Oxygen Derived Free Radicals andEndothelial Damage 56 5

P . Hickman, D.K. Harrison, A . Hill, M. McLaren, H . Tamei ,P .T . McCollum, and J .J .F . Belch

Abstracts :

Training, Immobilization, and Structure-Function Relationship sin Dog Gastrocnemius Muscle 57 1

D.E. Bebout, O . Mathieu-Costello, M .C. Hogan, and P .D. Wagner

Cryogenic Microspectrophotometry of Myoglobin

572

T.E.J . Gayeski

Tissue Oxygen Tension Indicates Tissue Oxygen Debt DuringProgressive Ischemia . An Experimental Study 57 3

S .O.P . Hofer, A .J . van der Kleij, P .F . Gründeman, E .W. Scholten ,and P .J . Klopper

Intravenous Potassium Infusion Reverses Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

57 4R . Kiiski, E . Fernandez, and G . Gutierrez

Effect of Increased Ambient Pressure (3 ATA) on Human Skeleta lMuscle P02 575

A.J . van der Kleij, H . Vink, D .J . Bakker, and M. Günderot h

Tissue Morphometry : Information Content and Limitations

576

0. Mathieu-Costell o

Assessment of Metabolic State in Localized Regions of Restin gSkeletal Muscle 577

A. Toth, M. Pal, M.E. Tischler, and P .C . Johnso n

Symmorphosis or Dysmorphosis?

578

P .D. Wagner

KIDNEY & GUT

Filtration, Reabsorption and Oxygen in the Kidney

579R.C . Blantz

Restriction of Hypoxic Membrane Defect by Glycine Improve sMitochondrial and Cellular Function in ReoxygenatedRenal Tubules 585

G. Gronow, N . Klause, and M. Mälyusz

Oxygen Sensing by H2 02Generating Heme Proteins?

59 1J . Fandrey, S . Frede, and W . Jelkman n

Perfused Rat Liver Responses to Crude Venoms from Marine Snails

597D.J . Maguire, J . H6per, G . Casel, and D . Gärtner

Abstracts:

Gastric Intramucosal pH Measurements as an Index of Tissu eOxygenation in Patients with Sepsis Syndrome 60 3

F . Esen, L. Telci, C . Girgin, N . Cakar, K . Pembeci, T . Denkel ,and K. Akpi r

Influence of Norepinephrine on the Oxygen Supply, Tissue P0 2and Lactate Extraction Rate of the Liver in theSeptic Pig 604

R . Schäfer, W. Gerling, A. Utschakowski, D. Börner, and K. Wagner

Functional Heterogeneity in the Gut : Relevance to Oxygen Transportand the Maintenance of Oxygen Consumption 605

P.T . Schumacker

TUMO R

Do Changes in Tumor Blood Flow Necessarily lead to Change sin Tissue Oxygenation and in BioenergeticStatus? 60 7

P . Vaupel, D .K. Kelleher, and T . Engel

Computerized Histographic Characterization of Changes in Tissu eP 02 Induced by Erythropoietin 61 3

D .J . Terris, and A .I . Minchinto n

Glucose Diffusion Coefficients Determined from Concentratio nProfiles in EMT6 Tumor Spheroids Incubatedin Radioactively Labeled L-Glucose 61 9

K. Groebe, S . Erz, and W. Mueller-Klieser

Investigations of Perfusion-Limited Hypoxia and Oxygenatio nin the KHT Sarcoma 62 7

B .M . Fenton, and D .W. Siemann

The Combination of Nicotinamide and Carbogen Breathing toImprove Tumour Oxygenation Prior to Radiatio nTreatment 63 5

M.R. Horsman, D .W. Siemann, M. Nordsmark ,A .A. Khalil, J . Overgaard, and D .J . Chapli n

Abstracts :

Assessment of Intracellular Oxygenation of Solid Tumors

64 3A.L . Sylvia, F .F . Jöbsis-VanderVliet, A .C . Jöbsis ,and H .D. Sostman

INDICE S

Author Index 645

Subject Index 649