Our Solar System. Many objects make up the Solar System.
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Transcript of Our Solar System. Many objects make up the Solar System.
Our Solar System
Many objects make up the
Solar System.
The Sun
Source: NASA
Center of our Solar System.
895,000 miles in diameter.
1,300,000 Earths would fill Sun.
Inner Rocky Planets
Mercury
Source: MESSENGER Mission Website
Mercury Facts
Closest planet To Sun.Smallest planet.88 “day” year/59 “day” day.
Mercury Facts
Very, very thin atmosphere.No rings or moon.
Venus
Source: NASA
Venus Facts
Second planet from Sun.6th largest planet.225 “day” year/243 “day” day.
Venus Facts
Entire surface covered with clouds (very thick atmosphere).Hottest planet (900 F.).No rings or moons.
Earth
Source: NASA/Goddard Spaceflight Center
Earth Facts
Third planet from Sun.5th largest planet.365 “day” year/24 hour day.
Earth Facts
Thick atmosphere.Only place we know there is life.No rings/one moon.
Mars
Source: Hubblesite.org
Mars Facts
Fourth planet from Sun.7th largest planet.687 “day” year/24 hour day.
Mars Facts
Very thin atmosphere.No rings/two moons.
Outer Gas Giants
Jupiter
Source: Hubblesite.org
Jupiter Facts
Fifth planet from Sun.Largest planet.12 “year” year/10 hour day.
Jupiter Facts
Very thick atmosphere.Faint rings/sixty-three moons.
Saturn
Source: Hubblesite.org
Saturn Facts
Sixth planet from Sun.2nd largest planet.29 “year” year/10 hour day.
Saturn Facts
Very thick atmosphere.Bright, easily seen rings/ sixty-three moons.
Uranus
Source: Hubblesite.org
Uranus Facts
Seventh planet from Sun.3rd largest planet.84 “year” year/17 hour day.
Uranus Facts
Very thick atmosphere.Very, very faint rings/twenty- seven moons.
Neptune
Source: Hubblesite.org
Neptune Facts
Eight planet from Sun.4th largest planet.165 “year” year/15 hour day.
Neptune Facts
Very thick atmosphere.Very, very faint rings/thirteen moons.
Dwarf Planets
Dwarf PlanetsThere are currently five dwarf planets. These are:
PlutoErisMakeMakeHaumeaCeres
Dwarf PlanetsDiameters range from Pluto (1,400 miles) to Ceres (590 miles).None have rings.Pluto (3), Haumea (2), and Eris (1) have moons.
Other Members of
the Solar System
Asteroids
Asteroids
Source: Internet Encyclopedia of Science
Found between Mars and Jupiter.
Asteroid Facts
Over 100,000 asteroids.Vesta is the largest – 330 miles in diameter.
Asteroid Facts
Size range – 330 miles to about 100 yards.Irregular-shaped rocky bodies.Some asteroids have moon(s).
Click here to see Dawn’s Virtual Flight Over the Asteroid Vesta.
Comets
Source: European Space Agency
CometsSpaced Out - Comets
CometsOrigin of Comets
CometsLong-period comets
(over 200 years) found in the Oort Cloud.
The Oort Cloud.
CometsOort Cloud
is about one light year from the
Sun.
CometsThe Oort Cloud.
CometsShort-period comets (less than 200 years)
found in the Kuiper Belt.
CometsThe Kuiper
Belt is found beyond the
orbit of Neptune.
CometsComets are made up of
three parts.
Comet Facts
Nucleus – icy body – ice, frozen ammonia, dirt (“dirty snowball”).Coma- vaporizing gas.
Comet Facts
Nucleus.Coma.Tail – gas and dust pushed away from comet by “solar wind.”
CometsBright Tails, Black Hearts: Exploration of
Comets
Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
Meteoroid, Meteor, MeteoriteSpaced Out: Meteors
Meteoroid, Meteor, MeteoriteAsteroid and Meteorite
Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
These are made of rocks and dirt.
A meteoroid is rocks or dirt in outer space.
Meteoroid, Meteor, MeteoriteA meteor is when the
rock enters the
atmosphere.
Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
A meteorite
is when the rock hits
the Earth.
What holds the Solar System
together?
Gravity is the force that holds the Solar
System together.
No gravity, no Solar System.
Planets would fly off in a straight line.
Gravity keeps the planets in orbit.
The Sun is so large, its gravity holds
everything together.
The Orbit of the Planets
Fact #1 – The closer to the Sun, the shorter the
planet’s year.
Fact #2 – The farther from the Sun, the
longer the planet’s year.
Why?Closer to the Sun, planet
must move faster because Sun’s gravity stronger.
Farther from the Sun, planet can move slower because Sun’s gravity
weaker.
Why?Closer to the Sun, planet travels along a smaller
orbit.
Farther from the Sun, planet travels along a
larger orbit.
Examples
Mercury is 36,000,000 miles from the Sun. It
travels about 226,000,000 miles
revolving around the Sun in one Mercury year.
ExamplesNeptune is 2,800,000,000
miles from the Sun. It travels about
217,500,000,000 miles revolving around the Sun
in one Neptune year.
Weight on Other Worlds
The larger the body, the more
mass and gravity it has.
The Sun has so much mass, if you weighed 100
pounds on Earth, you would weigh 2,700 pounds
on the Sun.