OT Through Life Span

8/13/2019 OT Through Life Span

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Occupational Therapy

through Life Span


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Health Promotion

The path to health and well-being is

linked to the daily occupations

(activities)in which we choose to

participate.


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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO)

defines health as a state of complete

physical, mental and social well-being

and not merely the absence of disease orsickness (WHO, 1948).

The WHO measures health based on theability of a person to participate in life.


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OT Focuses

Occupational therapy is a profession

that focuson enablingclients to

maximize their capacity to participate

in life activities that are important and

meaningful to them.


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How to promote health ?

By helping clients adapt and organize their

daily occupations or activities related to

self-care, home management, community

participation, education, work and/orleisureinto daily routines to preventand

minimizedysfunction, promote and

develop a healthy lifestyle, and facilitate

adaptation and recovery from injury,disease, or developmental challenges

(problems).


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Example 1

A person who enjoyed gardening but gave upthis meaningful activity due to back painmay experience improved well being if hecan continue through adaptations such as:

Raised gardens (pots), or long handledtools to minimize strain on the back.

Teaching someone to change positions

frequently and to limit their time per day inthe garden might be an alternate approachto improved ones health.


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Example 2

An OT working with a client with diabetes

may teach techniques to monitor skin

integrity and avoid skin breakdown, assist

in establishing a daily meal intake schedule

for proper nutrition, and assist him in

locating an accessible community exercise

program.


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Occupational Therapyfor Young Children

Birth Through 5 Years of Age


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Occupational Therapists

Support and promote the development

and engagement of infants, toddlers,

and preschoolers, andtheir families,

in everyday activities :

ex:

play, rest, sleep, study, and

social participation(family, peers).


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Occupational therapy is

concerned with

A childs ability to participate in daily life

activities or occupations.

OT design interventions that promote

healthy development, establish neededskills, and modify environments to prevent

further disability, all in support of

participation in daily activities.

OT plays a key role in advising parents

about their childrens problems and the

developmental diversity in health and

learning needs.


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Why So that togetherthey can plan to prevent,

promote, work on finding solutions or

alternatives for the time being and future,

concerning:

Playing, eating, sitting, bathing, showering,

schooling, wheelchair choosing, brothers and

sisters, family members ....


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Infants & toddlers problems

Developmental delays,

Feeding problems,

Learning disabilities,

Coordination & self care skills,

Behaviour and social skills,

Communication,..


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Occupational Therapists

DO NOT:

Treat the diagnoses

BUTWork with the child & his family to

help the child to function at the

highest possible level & actively

participate in his occupations.


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Occupational Therapist

Intervention is to facilitate development

Close the Gap

Through using

Developmental frame of reference to evaluatethe child ?

How do you as a PTevaluate the childs ability?

(relate age and abilities)


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relate age and abilities


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The OT intervention

Mainly playful, it targetsbehaviouralregulations, feeding techniques, motor skills

development, & sensory integration..

Might require

splinting, (sleeping, sitting, eating, bathing)

positioning, toys adaption,...


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Occupational Therapy With

Children and Youth

OT work with children, youth, and their

families to promote activeparticipation in

activities or occupations that are

meaningful to them. For children and youth, occupations are activities

that enable them to learn and develop life skills (e.g.,

school activities), be creative and/or derive

enjoyment (e.g., play with mates..), and beindependent (e.g., self-care and care for others)


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Intervention with children andyouth

Recommended interventions are based on an

understanding of development and the impact

of disability, illness, and impairment on the

individual childs development, play, learning,

and overall occupational performance.


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Developmental needs

The primary occupations of young

children are playand interactingwith

family. Occupational therapists

evaluatechildrens developmentandprovide intervention to improve skills

and/or modify environments when

concerns arise about a childsfunctional performance.


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Some examples

facilitating movement to help a child sitindependently or crawl;

helping a child learn to follow 2- or 3-step

instructions;

helping a child develop the ability to dressindependently;

helping a child learn to cope with disappointment or

failure;

reducing environmental noise for a child who iseasily distracted;

building skills for sharing, taking turns, and

playing with peers; and

helping a child develop the ability to use toys andmaterials in both traditional and creative manners.


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Educational Needs

OT work with students in preschool,

and elementary, middle, and high

school to:

Support: learning, appropriate

behaviour, and participation in daily

school activities.


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At school

OT collaborate with teachers, and

parents, on ways to support student

learning throughout the school

environment.


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OT Role

Fine motor and manipulation kills/handwriting

Upper body strengthening to improve posture,

reaching coordination

Sensorimotor activities to improve balance,

coordination, body awareness, attention and

focus ...


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OT Role

Neurondevelopmental techniques to improve

movement patterns, head control, &

maneuver in movement (back to side..)

Adaptations and activities for feeding,

dressing & grooming skills

Assistive technology (laptops,..) and adaptive

equipment needed to help in being

independent in ADL (as much as possible)


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Adolescence & development

Characteristics:

Independent from family & sense of self

Focus on group peer

Imitation, clothes, singers, identity..

Team activities

social skills

Marriage and work


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Intervention

Through group work

New image and identity

Building trust Emotional feelings and confusion

Choice of activities

Hobbies & skills activities

Work related activities

Finally a job !!!!


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Later adulthood over 65 years of

age

Many physical changes occurs

Jobless

Hobby less

Family problems

Loss of spouse, or peers

Dependent on Grandchildren (????? )

Struggle with physical declines..


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OT intervention

Compensate for lack of function

Adapt and/ or modify activities (tools/place)

Home safety tips Compensation technique (prioritize, resting.. )

Technical aids

Home adaptations (technical aids, )


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Summary

When conducting evaluation and intervention:

we need to consider AGE !!!!

We vary in age development but almost thesame for all unless we have a turning point for

different reasons

We need to understand the developmental

tasks over the life span, cz it provides insight

into the occupations associated with the

period in a persons life.


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What is the aim of this toy ?

OT Through Life Span

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